西风颂的文体学分析英文.docx

西风颂的文体学分析英文.docx

《西风颂的文体学分析英文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《西风颂的文体学分析英文.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

西风颂的文体学分析英文

AStylisticAnalysisofOdetotheWestWind

Class3,Name:

XXX,StudentNumber:

XXXXXXXXXX

Abstract:

OdetotheWestWindisthemostfamouslyricpoetryofShelley,awell-knownEnglishromanticpoet.Inthispoem,Shelleyappliedmanyfiguresofspeech,combinedscenery-depictingandemotion-expressing.Thelivelyrhythm,effusiveemotionandprofoundmeaningunifiedtheformandthecontent.Thispapertriestoanalyzeinthefollowingthreeaspects----Firstly,atphoneticlevel,toillustratethatthispoemrenderatmosphereandexpressideologicalpurposebyacoustics,mainlyinrhymeandpause.Secondly,atlexicallevel,thispoemappliedsimile,metaphorandpersonificationtomakeunrealimagesmorespecificandvivid,makeflatwordsfullofstronginfection.Last,atsyntacticlevel,fromthestructuralanalysisoftheinversion,repetitionandrhetoricalquestioninthispoem,weknowclearerabouttherelationshipbetweenformsandcontents.

KeyWords:

Phoneticlevel;lexicallevel;syntacticlevel;forms;contents

1Introduction

“Usingproperwordsinproperplaces,andthisistherealdefinitionofstyle.”FromthedefinitionofstylethatSwiftgave.Wecanmakeacomprehensionthatthelanguageexpressionwayofaliteraryworkisthemostremarkablestyle.AstheoldChinesesayinggoes,“thestyleistheman”.Byreadingthewordsandphrasesofawork,itisnowonderthatwecanguessthecreatingtimeandauthorofthework.Forinstance,thewritingstyleofElizabethanAgeisfullofpassionandromanticcolor,andintegratedandunifiedinstructure.ThestyleofHemingwayisclear,conciseandsimpleinsentencestructure.

Butwecannottreatdifferentthingsasthesame;wedon’texcludethepossibilitythatauthorsindifferenttimesmayhavesimilarwritingstyle.Actually,sincethestylisticscameintobeing,thereisnounifieddefinitionofstyle.Manyexpertsandscholarstriedtogiveadefinitionofstylefromtheirownresearchfields.Simplyspeaking,therearetworesearchobjectsofstyle—oneistheideologicalcontentsofliteraryworks;theotherislinguisticfeatureofstyle.Thatistosay,itmainlyreferstoformsandcontents.

Contentsarethethoughtsandviewofauthor.Formsincludegrammar,vocabulary,rhetoricdevicesandsoon,i.e.linguisticphenomenon.Expertsarguedabouttherelationshipbetweenformsandcontentsallthetime.Generallyspeaking,earlystylistsemphasizedtheresearchoflanguageformsratherthancontents,suchas,both“wayofwriting”and“modeofexpression”showtheseparationofformsandcontents.Butlater,peoplearemoreandmorelikelyemphasizetheimpartibilitybetweenthem.Then,what’stherelationshipbetweenliteraryworksandstylistics?

Likealiteraryworkcananalyzeindifferentangles,theanalyticalmethodsofstylisticsaredifferent.Thevarietyofproblemanalysiscomesfromtheinfluenceofthelinguisticsandliterarycriticism.Untilnow,literaturetextisthemostcommonmaterialsofproblemanalysis.Stylisticanalysisdependsmainlyontextitself.

Moststylisticanalysisisnotonlyforthepurposeofsimplyanalyzingthecharacteristicsoftextitself,buttoshowthefunctiononexplainingtexts,orcombineliteratureeffectswithlanguagecauses.Fromallabove,wecandrawaconclusionthatstylisticsmainlyreferstotheanalysisoftextandtheapplicationoflanguage,thatis,stylisticanalysismeansthecombinationofthoughtsandlanguagefeaturesoftheauthors.ThispapertriestoanalyzeShelley’sOdetotheWestWindinphonetic,lexicalandsyntacticLevel.

2ThePhoneticLevel

Comparedwithotherliteraryforms,poetrypaysmoreattentiontothemusicality.Differentfromotherauthorsthatuselanguagestoexpressinformation,poetsnotonlyexpressmeaningwithwords,butalsoconveysound.Themusicalityofpoetryissoimportantthatmusicalitybecomesoneoftheindispensableconditionsofdefinitionofpoetry.Themusicofpoetryisthatpoetscombinerhythm,rhymeandwords,inthepurposeoffoilingtheatmosphereofpoetry,enhancingtheemotionalrenderingofpoetryandgivingreaderstheenjoymentofbeauty.Andthemusicalityofpoetryismainlyshowedinrhymeandmeter.Whileanalyzingpoetry,voiceisalwaysanimportantstandard.Shelley’sOdetotheWestWind,tidyinmeters,stronginrhythm,showsoutthecharmofmusic.Thus,achievethepurposeofrenderingatmosphereandexpressmindbyacoustics.

2.1Rhyme

Thelinesofthewholepoemmainlyconformtotheiambicpentameterwhichisthemostcommonrhymeinthispoem.Thiskindofrhymeiscadencedandfullofmusicality.Exceptrhymes,thispoemusemanyalliterations,likeinthefirstlineofthefirststanzainChapterone,“OWildWestWind”,inthesecondstanza,“wintry”,inthethirdstanza,“where,winged,within”allalliterateinsemivowel.Thiskindofrhymesoundslikewestwinesweepingfromyourears,expressestheobjectsvividandvisual.

2.2Pause

Everylanguagesandstyleshavepauses.However,pausesinpoetryaremoreobviousandsystemicthanprose.Englishpausesarerelatedtolinesofpoetryandrhythms.Differentpauseformshavedifferentliterarystyles.InEnglish,thereareatleastfoursilentpauseforms.Poetusedmanyintermediatestops,meanspauseinthemiddleoftheline.Forexample,atthebeginning:

OWildWestWind,thoubreathifAutumn’sbeing

Thou,fromwhoseunseenpresencetheleavesdead

Aredriven,likeghostsfromanenchanterfleeing

Thecommainthelinemeanstheintermediatestop.Thispauseslowdowntherhythmofthepoemandhighlightthetremendouspowerofthewestwind.

3TheLexicalLevel

Shelleyuserhetoricaldevicestomakeunrealimagesmorespecific,vivid,andmakeflatwordsfullofstronginfection.Here,therhetoricaldevicesmainlyrefertosimile,metaphorandpersonification.

3.1Simile

Eachlikeacorpsewithinitsgrave（仿佛是坟墓中的尸体）

LoosecloudslikeEarth’sdecayingleavesareshed（纷乱的云彩恰如满地枯叶，从天空和海洋交叉的枝干上吹落下来）

Oh!

Liftmeasawave,aleaf,acloud!

（请把我当做波浪、落叶、云！

）

3.2Metaphor

Thelocksoftheapproachingstorm（把云层比作发怒的酒神）

Ifalluponthethomsoflife!

（把生活的磨难比作荆棘）

Thetrumpetofaprophecy!

（把西风比作号角）

3.3Personification

Thepoetpersonifiedwestwindfromthebeginningtotheend,namethewestwind“thelifeofautumn”,“thesisterofspring”,“thewildspirit”andsoon.Thus,showtheunrestrainedpowerinfrontofthereadersvividly.

4TheSyntacticLevel

Byanalysisoftheinversion,repetitionandrhetoricalquestioninthispoem,weknowclearerabouttherelationshipbetweenformsandcontents.

4.1Inversion

Inversionmeansbreakthenormalorderofsentencesinordertoachieveacertainartisticeffectorinpursuitofrhythm.eg.:

Whochariotesttotheirdarkwintrybed

Thewingedseeds,wheretheyliecoldandlow

ThesetwolineslocatedinthelastlineofthesecondstanzainChapteroneandthefirstlineofthethirdstanza.Wecanclearlyseethesetwolinesarerelated.Thenormalordershouldbe:

Whochariotestthewingedseedstotheirdarkwintrybedwheretheyliecoldandlow（驾车把长着翅膀的种子送到黑暗的冬日之床，躺在冰冷的地底）。

Therefore,theinversionlinksthetwosentences,playsanimportantroleincontinuityandadjustingthestructure.

4.2Repetition

Repetitionisacommonfigureofspeech,anditseffectistoemphasizeorachieveaspecificeffect.Forinstance,inthesentence:

“Onetoolikethee,tameless,andswift,andproud”,therearethree“and”.Theutilizationofthethree“and”emphasizestherageofwestwindandromanticismofwriter.

4.3RhetoricalQuestion

RhetoricalQuestionreferstoapositiveornegativesentencepatternbyusinginterrogative.Itismorestrongtoemphasizeaconceptbyusingrhetoricalquestionratherthanpositivesentenceandnegativesentence.Attheendofthispoem,the“Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?

”hasencouragesmanypeopletoregainconfidence.ThereasonwhythissentenceiscontagiousisShelleyusedrhetoricalquestioninthissentence.ItleavesawidethinkingspacetoreadersanditshowsShelley’saspirationofbeautifulspringandoutlookoffuture.

5Conclusion

OdetotheWestWindisaclassiclyricpoetryofEnglishRomanticpoets,Shelley.Heexpressedhisfeelingthroughdescribingscenesinhiswork,andhecombinedtheformofpoemsandthecontentofpoemsbyutilizingmanykindsofmeansofartisticexpression.Intheformofpoems,ShelleycombinedtheterzarimainDivinaCommediaandthesonnettoformanewpoeticform.Inphonology,thebasicrhyme-schemecanincarnatetheintegralityandcompactednessofpoeminstructure,atthesametimeitcaneliminatethemonotonousfeeling.Thewholepoemisrhythmicandcatchytoshowthecharacterofpoemwhichcreateacertainambiancebyphonology.Therearealotoffiguresofspeechinpoemsuchassimileandpersonification.Shelleyshowedthescenesthatwestwindappearsatearth,skyandseatoexpresshisfeelingincisivelyandvividly.Inaddition,throughtheanalysisofinversion,repetitionanderotesis,wecanstronglyfeeltheartisticcharmofthepoem.

Thispoemexpressesthepoet’slovefornature,praisestothewestwind’sspiritofblastingandnurturingthenewthings,andalsoexpressestheoptimismforthevictoryoftherevolutioninthefuture.Shelleyusesophisticatedlanguagearttechniquestoperfecttheimplementationoftheunityoftheformandtheme.

References

CarlWoodring,JamesShapiro. TheColumbiaHistoryofBritishPoetr.北京:

外语教学与研究出版社,2005。

Thornborrow,JoannaandWareingShan.PatternsinLanguage:

StylisticsforStudentsofLanguageandLiterature.Beijing:

ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress.（10）2004,3.

刘守兰，《英美名诗解读》。

上海：

上海外语教育出版社，（10）2004。

罗婷，“雄浑激昂的狂飙曲----雪莱《西风颂》音韵效果浅析”，《湘潭市反学院院报》，（15）1994。