高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题含答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题含答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧阅读训练策略及练习题含答案

高考英语阅读理解（社会文化）技巧阅读训练策略及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类

1．阅读理解

TheatersofthePast

   TheGreekTheater

   TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated（夸张的）actionandspeech.And,colorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.

   TheMedievalTheater

   TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests（牧师）toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.

   TheElizabethanTheater

   TheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:

Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.

   TheRestorationTheater

   Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.

（1）WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?

A.Toholdalargeaudience.

B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.

C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.

D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.

（2）Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes?

A.TheGreekTheater.

B.TheMedievalTheater.

C.TheElizabethanTheater.

D.TheRestorationTheater.

（3）WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?

A.Colorfulmaskswereused.

B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.

C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.

D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据TheGreekTheater部分中的“AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.”古希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。

这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据TheElizabethanTheater部分中的“Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在TheElizabethanTheater,演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据TheRestorationTheater部分中的“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters（百叶窗）werepaintedwiththescene.”舞台是一个非常聪明的想法，因为舞台两侧的大背板上都画着场景）可知，在TheRestorationTheater舞台设计非常巧妙。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   ThefinalresultsofBest-EverTeenFictionvotearein.Whileit'snosurprisetoseeHarryPotterandTheHungerGamesseriesontop,thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.

   Summer,likeyouth,passesquickly.Butthebookswereadwhenwe'reyoungcanstaywithusforalifetime.Thefollowingarethetop4onthelist.Enjoy.

   ⒈HarryPotterseries

   TheHarryPotterbooksmakeupthepopularserieswrittenbyJ.K.Rowing.Theseriesincludessevenbooks.Thebooksconcernawizard（魔法师）calledHarryPotterandhisjourneythroughHogwartsSchoolofWitchcraftandWizardry.ThestoriestellofhimovercomingdangerousobstaclestodefeatthedarkwizardLordVoldemortwhokilledhisparentswhenHarrywas15monthsold.

   ⒉TheHungerGamesseries

   IntheruinsofafutureNorthAmerica,ayounggirlispickedtoleaveherpoordistrictandtraveltoCapitolforabattletothedeathinthecruelHungerGames.ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins,winningtheGamesonlyputsherdeeperindangerasthestrictsocialorderofPanembeginstounravel（瓦解）.

   ⒊ToKillaMockingbird

   AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb,Ala.,throughtheeyesof6-year-oldScoutFinch.Asherlawyerfather,Atticus,defendsablackmanaccusedofacrime,ScoutandherfriendslearnabouttheunjusttreatmentofAfrican-Americans–andtheirmysteriousneighbor,BooRadley.

   ⒋ThefaultinOurStars

   HazelGrace,ateenagegirl,hasgotallsortsofcancerinsideherbody,andherlungsaren'tworkingverywell.Sheknowssheisdyinganddoesn'tliveinhopeanymore.WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.

（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJohnGreen?

A. Oneofhisnovelstopsthelist.

B. Manyofhisnovelsareverypopular.

C. Heisthefavoritewriterofmanyteens.

D. Hewasawell-knownwriterlongbeforethevote.

（2）WhoistheauthorofTheHungerGamesseries?

A. HarperLee.                 

B. JohnGreen.                 

C. J.K.Rowling.                 

D. SuzanneCollins.

（3）WhatisToKillaMockingbirdmainlyabout?

A. Lifelongfriendships.                                        

B. Racialdiscrimination.

C. Amanworkingasalawyer.                             

D. Alittlegirl'sdifficultchildhood.

（4）HazelinTheFaultinOurStars______.

A. isveryoptimistic                                              

B. writesagreatstory

C. makesmanymistakes                                      

D. ischangedbyAugustus.

（5）Inwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthetextprobably?

A. Sports.                         

B. News.                         

C. Literature.                         

D. Entertainment.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】 短文大意：

本文介绍了最受青少年喜爱的四部小说。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段thisyear'slistalsohighlightssomewritersweweren'tasfamiliarwith.Forexample,JohnGreen,authorofTheFaultinOurStars,appearsfivetimesinthetop100.可知，本年度的名单中出现了一些我们不是很熟悉的作家，比如JohnGreen，在前100里出现了五次，可知，其小说很受欢迎，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第四段ButforKatnissEverdeen,themaincharacterinthisseriesbySuzanneCollins可知，饥饿游戏的作者为SuzanneCollins，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据本部分AuthorHarperLeeexploresracialtensionsinthefictional"tiredoldtown"ofMaycomb可知，杀死一只知更鸟，探讨种族歧视问题，故选B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据最后一段WhenamannamedAugustusWaterssuddenlyappearsattheCancerKidSupportGroup,Hazel'sstoryisabouttobecompletelyrewritten.可知，当AugustusWaters出现的时候，Hazel的人生发生了改变，故选D。

（5）推理判断题题。

本文主要介绍四部受青少年喜爱的小说，故与文学有关，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

3．阅读理解

   Beingattractiveisn'tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday'sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,lowpayingjob.

   Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.

   Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforalessthandesirablejob.

   Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeamanager,projectdirector,ITelite（精英）.Inallexperimentswheretheywereasked,participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejobandmorelikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthemoredesirablejob.

   MsLeesaid,"Intheselectiondecisionforanundesirablejob,decisionmakersweremorelikelytochoosetheunattractiveindividualovertheattractiveindividual.CoauthorDrMadanPillutlasaid,"Itisinterestingthatdecisionmakersconsiderothers'opinionsintheirdecisions.Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob."

   Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohighleveljobs.

（1）Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofbeingattractive?

A. Itisadisadvantage.

B. Itisablessing.

C. itisnotimportant.

D. Ithasnothingtodowithjobs.

（2）WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A. Theparticipantsoftheexperiment.

B. Theimportanceoftheexperiment.

C. Theprocessoftheexperiment.

D. Theresultoftheexperiment.

（3）Anordinarylookinggraduatemayhaveanadvantagewhenapplyingfor_______.

A. amanager              B. aprojectdirector              C. awarehouseworker              D. anITelite

（4）Whyareless