高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编53.docx
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高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编53
2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编(53)
2016高考训练题----阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
Studyfindsbeingsociableisgoodforyourhealth,whilelonelinessisasbadforyouassmoking15cigarettesaday.
Acircleofclosefriendsandstrongfamilytiescanimproveaperson’shealthmorethanexercise,losingweightorquittingcigarettesandalcohol,psychologistssay.Sociablepeopleseemtobenefitextrarewardsfromtheirrelationshipsbyfeelinglessstressed,takingbettercareofthemselvesandhavinglessriskylifestylesthanthosewhoaremorelonely,theysay.
Areviewofstudiesintotheeffectofrelationshipsonhealthfoundthatpeoplehada50%bettersurvivalrateiftheybelongedtoawidersocialgroup,beitfriends,neighbors,relativesoramixofthese.
Theobviouseffectofsocialconnectionsonhealthhasledresearcherstocallonhealthofficialstotakelonelinessasseriouslyasotherhealthrisks,suchasalcoholism(酗酒)andsmoking.
“Wetakerelationshipsforgrantedashumans,”saidJulianneHolt-Lunstad,apsychologistatBrighamYoungUniversityinUtah.“Thatcontinuousinteraction(相互影响)isbeneficialnotonlypsychologicallybutphysically.”
Holt-Lunstad’steamreviewed148studiesthatfollowedthesocialinteractionsandhealthof308,849peopleoveranaverageof7.5years.Fromthesetheyworkedouthowdeathratesdiffereddependingonhowsociableapersonwas.
Holt-Lunstadsaidfriendsandfamilycanimprovehealthinmanyways,fromhelpintoughtimestofindingmeaninginlife.“Whensomeoneisconnectedtoagroupandfeelsresponsibilitytootherpeople,thatsenseofpurposeandmeaningchangesintotakingbettercareofthemselvesandtakingfewerrisks.”
1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Theseriousconsequenceofloneliness.B.StudiesofHolt-Lunstad’steam.
C.Beingsociablemakesyoulivelonger.D.Cigarettesandalcoholdoharmtohealth.
2.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheconnectionwithfriends?
A.Concerned.B.Worried.C.Negative.D.Approving.
3.WhichisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
A.Deathratesdependonserioussmoking.B.Beingsocialisgoodforphysicalhealth.
C.Astrongfamilytieishelpfulforyourhealth.D.Lonelinesswillcauseotherhealthrisks.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
孤独使人难受,还带来一些其他的身体危害。
然而,与朋友、家人、亲戚的交流会使你身体健康,同时延长寿命,而且有益于其他方面的发展。
1.C【命题立意】主旨大意题。
考查考生对文章主旨大意的概括理解能力。
【试题解析】有全文和第一段内容可确定,文章主要介绍社交有益于身心健康并使人长寿。
2.D【命题立意】推理判断题。
考查考生推理判断的能力。
【试题解析】根据全文可知,作者对于建立良好的社会关系是支持的。
3.A【命题立意】细节理解题。
考查学生对细节信息的提取能力。
【试题解析】根据倒数第三段最后一句可知,死亡率取决于社交能力如何,但未提到随多少而变。
阅读理解。
Feeltiredlately?
Hasadoctorsaidhecan’tfindanythingwrongwithyou?
Perhapshesendsyoutoahospital,butalltheadvancedequipmentthereshowsthereisnothingwrongwithyou.
Then,considerthis:
youmightbeinastateofsub-health(亚健康).
Sub-health,alsocalledthethirdstateorgraystate,isexplainedasborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddisease.
AccordingtotheinvestigationbytheNationalOrganization,over45percentofsub-healthpeoplearemiddle-agedorelderly.Thepercentageisevenhigheramongpeoplewhoworkinmanagementpositionsaswellasstudentsaroundexam-week.
Symptoms(征兆)includealackofenergy,depression,slowreactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation,andpoormemory.Othersymptomsincludeshortnessofbreath,sweatingandachinginthewaistandlegs.
Thekeytopreventingandrecoveringfromsub-health,accordingtosomemedicalexperts,istoformgoodlivinghabits,alternateworkandrest,exerciseregularly,andtakepartinopenairactivities.
Asformeals,peopleareadvisedtoeatlesssaltandsugar.Theyshouldalsoeatmorefreshvegetables,fruits,fishbecausetheyarerichinnutritionalelements—vitaminsandtraceelements(微量元素)—thatareimportanttothebody.
Nutritionexpertspointoutthatitisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemealbecauseitmaycauseunhealthychangesinthedigestivetract(消化道).Theyalsosaythatabalanceddietisveryhelpfulinavoidingsub-health.
1.Whenyouareinastateofsub-health,youshould________.
A.stayhomeandkeepsilent
B.gotoadoctorandbuysomemedicine
C.notconsideritveryserious
D.findoutthereasonsandrelaxyourself
提示:
从全文可以看出,亚健康是身体对压力、疲劳的一种反应,即使最先进的仪器也查不出病因。
所以不必去医院,也不必吃药,但是不能听之任之,不认真对待。
正确的方法是找出原因、减轻压力、消除疲劳、平衡膳食。
答案:
D
2.Middle-agedpeoplemaybeeasytogetsub-healthbecause________.
A.theyhaveuseduptheirenergy
B.theyhavelosttheirlivinghopes
C.theyhavemorepressureinlifeandwork
D.theyhavechangedtheirwayoflife
提示:
亚健康的起因与疲劳有关系,但不是已将体力用完,排除A项。
B、D两项文章没涉及。
根据常识和第四段最后一句,我们也能判断正确答案为C项。
答案:
C
3.Thekeytopreventingyoufromfallingintoastateofsub-healthisto________.
A.keeponworkingregularlyB.gotosleepabitearlier
C.formgoodlivinghabitsD.takemedicineifnecessary
答案:
C文章倒数第三段第一句“…istoformgoodlivinghabits”
4.Theunderlinedword“alternate”inthispassageisclosestinmeaningto________.
A.arrangebyturnsB.causetotakeplace
C.makeupforD.keepawayfrom
答案:
A从文中可看出:
形成好的生活习惯,要劳逸结合,即轮流工作与休息
2016高考训练题----阅读理解。
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
Welcometobestwigs.org!
Wehavegreatdealsonmanyofourproducts.Goaheadandtrysomethingnew!
Options
◆HumanHairWigs(假发)
Ourwigsaremadeofthehealthiesthairandcomeineverylengthrangingfrom12inchesto22inches.Wehavemanystylesincludingstraight,wavyandcurlyonesforfallandwinterseasons.
◆Hairpieces&Extensions(接发)
Hairpiecesareagreatsolutionifyouonlyneedahalfwigora3/4wig.Hairpiecesallowyoutovaryyourhairstyleinordertocreateawholedifferentlook,forexample,wearingahighponytail.
◆ArtificialWigs
Findwigsforaspecialnightorapartyatlowpricesrighthere.Theinvisiblelacesareusedtoensureanicesecurefit.Toomanyownersforgetartificialwigsneedspecialcare.Thebetteryoucareforthem,thelongertheywilllast.Weofferfreewigcareproductslikecombs,brushes,shampoos.
ShippingInformationandRates
◆WeshiptoUS,Mexico,CanadaandPuertoRicoonly.Freeshippingover$50!
◆Ordersunder$50haveaflat(固定)shippingrateof$6.95.
◆Weshiporderswithintwobusinessdays.
RepairService
◆Weofferfreerepairservicewithinaweekofthepurchase.Butyouneedtopay$9fortheshippingcost.
◆Morethanaweekofthepurchase,youneedtopayfortheservicedependingonthedamageofthewig.
◆Thewigmustbewashedcleanbeforeyousenditback.
Welcometovisitourwebsitewww.bestwigs.organdbuywigs!
Wewillgiveyouasurprisingprice!
1.Ifyouattendacostumeparty(化装舞会)onSaturdaynight,youwillprobablywear.
A.ahumanhairwigB.aponytailwig
C.anartificialwigD.anextensionwig
2.Mrs.Smithboughtawigbutsentitbacktwodayslatertorepair.Howmuchdidshehavetopay?
A.$9.B.$6.95.C.$15.95.D.$50.
3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________.
A.wigsreturnedforrepairservicewillbecleanedfreeofcharge
B.gluesandinvisiblelacesareusedtohavethewigsfixedfirmly
C.manypeopledon’ttakecareoftheirartificialhairwigs
D.yourhairwigswillbreakintopiecesifyoudon’tcombthem
4.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?
A.Anadvertisement.B.Anannouncement.
C.Areport.D.Aposter.
【语篇解读】本文是应用文,是一则网站上宣传假发产品的广告。
广告介绍了产品类型、运费和维护保养等服务。
1.C【命题立意】细节理解题,考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。
【试题解析】题干询问参加星期六晚上的化装舞会最好选择哪一款假发,定位在第一个标题Options下查找信息。
第三个星号提到“findwigsforaspecialnightorparty”,可知应该选择ArtificialWigs,故答案是C。
2.A【命题立意】细节理解题。
考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。
【试题解析】Mrs.Smith在购买两天后将产品退回,修补假发。
应该从文中标题RepairService下寻找信息。
第一个星号的内容说明购买产品一个星期内,如果有损坏可以免费维修,但是需要支付$9的运费。
故选A。
3.C【命题立意】推理判断题。
考查考生推理判断的能力。
【试题解析】根据标题Options下面第三个星号之后“Toomanyownersforgetartificialwigsneedspecialcare.Thebetteryoucareforthem,thelongertheywilllast.”。
可知C为答案。
A选项错误,假发修补不提供免费清洗;B项中固定假发,文中没有提到glues;D项文中提到可以免费提供combs,但是没有暗示不用梳子,假发就会断裂。
因此正确答案是C。
4.A【命题立意】体裁判断题,考查考生辨别语篇类型的能力。
【试题解析】根据全文,尤其是首尾两段可知本文是一篇广告。
阅读理解
【来自2011·湖北卷】
Intoday'sthrowawaysociety,dealingwiththecity'sgrowingmountainofwasteisanincreasingchallengeforthecitycouncil(市议会).
Recently,Edinburghisfacedwiththeproblemofdisposingof(处理)about250,000milliontonsofwasteayear.Despitedifferentwaystodisposeofmuchofitinagreenmanner—largelythroughencouragingrecycling—itsagingfacilitiessuchasthePowderhalllandfilldonothavetheabilitytodealwithit.
TheEuropeanUnion(EU)hasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwastearetobedisposedof.Thefivecouncils(Edinburgh,EastLothian,WestLothian,MidlothianandBorders)facefinesaround£18millionayearfrom2013iftheydon'tincreaserecyclinglevelsandrelylessonlandfill.Withthisinmind,thecouncilsgottogetherwiththeideaofbuildingalargeincineratorplant(垃圾焚烧厂)toburnhalfofthewasteproducedintheirdistricts.ButthisplanfellapartafterthechangeoftargetlevelsbyanewUKgovernmentwastepolicywhichrequiredthatnomorethan25%ofthecity'swasteshouldbedisposedofinthiswayby2025.
Aftertheplanwasabandoned,aprivatecompanywhichalreadytransportedmillionsoftonsofthecity'swastebytraintoalandfillsitenearDunbar,offeredanalternativesolutionwhenitsuggestedopeningahugewastesitenearPortobello.
SincePowderhallissupposedtoclosein2015,itseemednecessaryforthemembersoftheEdinburghCounciltoacceptthesuggestion.Butsoontheyturneditdown—after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoisethroughheavilypopulatedareas.
Thatstillleavesthecouncilwithaproblem.By2013,only50%of1995levelsofwastewillbeallowedtobesenttolandfill.Evenifrecyclingtargetsaremet,therewill