信息科学课后答案王朔中.docx
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信息科学课后答案王朔中
Unit1Exercises
(1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese。
1.Aswithseriesresonance,thegreatertheresistanceinthecircuitthelowertheQand,accordingly,theflatterandbroadertheresonancecurveofeitherlinecurrentorcircuitimpedance.对于串联谐振,电路中的电阻愈大Q值就愈低,相应地线路电流或电路阻抗的谐振曲线也就愈平、愈宽.
2.Awirecarryingacurrentlooksexactlythesameandweighsexactlythesameasitdoeswhenitisnotcarryingacurrent。
一根带电的导线其外表与重量都与不带电导线完全一样.
3.Clickmouseonthewaveformanddragittochangethepulserepetitionrate,ordirectlyenteranewvalueoftheperiodintheprovideddialoguebox,whilekeepingthepulsewidthunchanged。
在波形上点击鼠标并拖动来改变脉冲重复频率,或者在提供的对话框中直接输入新的周期值,而保持脉冲宽度不变。
4.Electronicsisthescienceandthetechnologyofthepassageofchargedparticlesinagas,inavacuum,orinasemiconductor.Pleasenotethatparticlemotionconfinedwithinametalonlyisnotconsideredelectronics。
电子学是一门有关带电粒子在气体、真空或半导体中运动的科学技术.注意,在本书中粒子运动仅限于金属的情况不属于电子学。
5.Hardwaretechnologieshaveplayedvitalrolesinourabilitytouseelectronicpropertiestoprocessinformation,butsoftwareanddataprocessingaspectshavenotdevelopedatthesamespeed.
硬件技术在我们使用电子特性来处理信息的能力中一直起着重要作用,而软件及数字处理方面却没能与硬件同步发展。
6.However,inaproperlydesignedDCamplifiertheeffectoftransistorparametervariation,otherthanIco,maybepracticallyeliminatediftheoperationpointofeachstageisadjustedsothatitremainsinthelinearoperationrangeofthetransistorastemperaturevaries.
然而在设计得当的直流放大器中,若调节每一级的工作点使之在温度变化时保持在晶体管线性区,就能在实际上消除Ico以外的晶体管参数变化所造成的影响。
(2)Fillintheblankswiththemostappropriatechoice.
1.Amessagesignalcananyamplitudevaluebetween0andAvolts.
A.assumeB.useC。
receiveD。
accept
2.Eachtimeapositiveclockedgeoccurs,theflip-flopchangesstate,leadingtohalfasmanypulsesattheoutputtotheclockinput。
A.asB。
comparedC.dueD。
soas
3.Intheprevioussectionwediscussedsine—waveorCWmodulationsystemsinwhichthemodulatingsignal_______ofadigitalpulsetrain。
A。
madeB.consistedC。
containedD.got
4.Inthisbookweshallemphasizethelimitationsimposedontheinformationtransmittedbythesystemthroughwhichitwas_______andshallattemptsomecomparisonofdifferentsystems。
A。
putB。
traveledC。
passedD.viewed
5.Thissignaleitherdoesnotchange,oritchanges______byanamountequivalenttooneormorequantumsteps.
A。
interruptedlyB.rudelyC。
abruptlyD.absolutely
6.Weshallonlybe_______withlogicalrepresentations,notabsolutevalues
A.interestedB.caringC。
referredD.concerned
(3)Choosethephrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpart。
1.Itisalltooeasywithlinearcircuits,whichappearrelativelysimplewhencomparedwithtoday’scomplexlogicarrangements,toignoredetailedperformanceparameterswhichcandrasticallyreducetheexpectedperformance。
A.whichhasbadinfluenceuponthesystemperformance
B.whichisimportanttoensurecircuitlinearity
C.whichispossibletoenhancethesystemperformance
D.whichiscrucialformaintainingthedesiredperformance
2.Thereforetherewillbeaslighttimedelay,duetothepropagationdelayoftheflip—flopsbetweenthetimeoneflip—flopchangesstateandthetimethenextonechangesstate,i.e.,thechangeofstateripplesthroughthecounter,andthesecountersarethereforecalledripplecounters。
A.thestatechangeispropagatedthroughthecounterlikeripples
B。
thestatechangescauseripplesinthecounter
C.passingthroughthecounter,thestateripplechanges
D。
thestateofthecounterchangesduetoripples
3.Insteadoftriggeringoneachpulse,aphaselocktechniqueexaminestherelativephasebetweeneachoscillatorandmanyofitssyncpulsesandadjustsoscillatorfrequencysothattheaveragephasediscrepancyissmall.
A.checkseachoscillatorformanysyncpulses
B。
checksthephaserelationshipbetweenindividualoscillatorsandacollectionofsyncpulses
C.looksattherelationsbetweenthephaseandthesyncpulses
D。
examineswhetherthephaseisrelativetotheoscillatorandthesyncpulses
4.Bykeepingtheoffstateslightlybelowthreshold,thedelaybetweentheappliedelectricalpulseandtheresultingopticaloutputpulseisminimized;thisdelaymustindeednotbemorethanthebitintervalsothattheopticalpulsecanaccuratelyreproducetheinputsignal.
A。
ensuringthatthesystemisoffthethresholdbyasmallmargin
B。
maintainingthesystem'sshut—downstatesomewhatbelowaprescribedlevel
C。
makingsurethesystemisbelowitsthresholdsothatthestateiskeptoff
D。
keepingthesysteminashut-downstatethatisunderagivenlevelwithatinytolerance
5.Iftheoriginalsignaliswellbehaved,thelocaloscillatorwillneedverylittleinformationtobeabletotrack,andthatinformationcanbeobtainedbyaveragingforalongperiodoftime,therebyeliminatingnoisethatcouldbeverylarge.
A.theLOwillnotrequireanyinformationinordertokeeptracking
B.theLOwillmakeuseoftrackinginformationthatisscarceinthesystem
C.theLOwillrequiresomeinformation,butnotmuch,sothatthesystemcantrack
D.theLOwillusenoinformationotherthansomelittleonetomaintaintracking
6.Thethirdsectiondescribesquantizationschemesthattakeaccountofthecharacteristicsofspeech.
A.takemeasureofthespeechcharacteristics
B.takethespeechcharacteristicsintoconsideration
C.countthespeechcharacteristics
D。
makeuseofthespeechcharacteristics
7.InaproperlydesignedDCamplifiertheeffectoftransistorparametervariationmaybepracticallyeliminatediftheoperatingpointofeachstageisadjustedsothatitremainsinthelinearoperationrangeofthetransistorastemperaturevaries.
A。
theeffectivevariationofthetransistorparameters
B。
theefforttochangetransistorparameters
C.thetransistorparametersthateffectivelychange
D.theresultscausedbytransistorparameterchanges
8.Stabilityandrepeatabilityarefundamentalattributesofdigitalcircuits,however,andthenecessaryaccuracycanbeobtainedinadigitalversionofthemodulatorbyanappropriatechoiceofwordlengthtorepresentthesignals.
A。
byexpressingthesignalswithasuitablewordlength
B。
byusingawordlongenoughtodescribethesignals
C。
bychoosetocharacterizethesignalsintermsofwordlengthappropriately
D。
byappropriatelyrepresentingthesignalstochoosealengthofwordsUnit2Exercises
(1)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.
1.Ifanalogsignalsaretobetransmitteddigitally,theyfirsthavetobesampledataspecifiedrateandfurtherconvertedtodiscreteamplitudesamplesbyquantization。
2.如果要以数字方式传输模拟信号,首先必须以一定的频率对信号进行采样,然后通过量化进一步将它们转换为离散的幅度样本.Linearfiltersamplifyorattenuateselectedspatialfrequencies,canachievesucheffectsassmoothingandsharpening,andusuallyformthebasisofre-samplingandboundarydetectionalgorithms。
3.线性滤波器放大或衰减选择的空间频率,能够实现像平滑和锐化这些效果,通常是重采样和边缘检测算法的基础。
Stabilityandrepeatabilityarefundamentalattributesofdigitalcircuits,however,andthenecessaryaccuracycanbeobtainedinadigitalversionofthemodulatorbyanappropriatechoiceofwordlengthtorepresentthesignals。
4.不过稳定性和可重复性是数字电路的基本性质,在数字式调制器中必要的精度可通过适当地选择代表信号的字长而获得。
Thefirstobservationismadeonthefundamentalrelationshipbetweenthenatureofsystemandtheperiodicityofitsfrequencyresponse:
acontinuoussystemhasanaperiodicfrequencyresponse,whileadiscretesystemhasaperiodicfrequencyresponse。
5.从系统性质和它频率响应的周期性之间的基本关系中首先可以看到:
连续系统有非周期性的频率响应,而离散系统有周期性的频率响应.Themainfunctionofthereceiveristoextracttheinputmessagesignalfromthedegradedversionofthetransmittedsignalcomingfromthechannel.
接收器的主要功能是从由信道传输来的退化了的信号中提取出输入消息.
(2)Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpart。
1.Roughlyspeaking,thetransistorcanbelikenedtoanelectronicallycontrolledvalvewherebyenergyappliedtooneconnectionofthevalveenablesenergytoflowbetweentwootherconnections.
A。
related
B.linked
C。
analogized
D.viewed
2.Whilethirdpartydesigntoolswereavailable,therewasnotaneffectivelinkfromthethirdpartydesigntoolstothelayoutandactualsemiconductorprocessperformancecharacteristicsofthevariousASICmanufacturers。
A.When
B.Although
C.As
D.Since
3.Thesesteps,implementedwithalevelofskillcommonintheindustry,almostalwaysproduceafinaldevicethatcorrectlyimplementstheoriginaldesign,unlessflawsarelaterintroducedbythephysicalfabricationprocess。
A.practicedusingskillsgenerallyavailableintheindustry
B.commonlyperformedatlevelsofskilledpersonnelintheindustry
C.realizedwiththeskillfulcommonlevelintheindustry
D.carriedoutbyskillscommonlyusedintheindustry
4.Asecondmajorstepwouldbetodevelopdesignspecificationsthatconsiderthefunctionalityofthehumanwiththesamedegreeofcarethathasbeengiventotherestofthesystem。
A。
developdesignprocedurestoaccountforthehumanbehaviorandactivities
B.promotedesignarrangementsandtakethehumanfactorsintoconsideration
C。
makeusedofdesignstepsthatrespectthehumanfunctionality
D.draftandeffectdesignrequirementsthattakeintoaccountthehumanfunctionality
5.Clickmouseonthewaveformanddragittochangethepulserepetitionrateordirectlyenteranewvalueoftheperiodintheprovideddialoguebox,keepingthepulsewidthunchanged.
A.simplytypeanewperiodvalueinthegivendialoguebox
B。
directanentryforthenewperiodvaluetothedialoguebox
C.pointastraightforwardnewperiodvaluetothedialogueboxprovided
D。
enteradirectionofanewperiodvaluetopro