现代大学英语精读5 重点paraphrase+单词总结.docx

现代大学英语精读5 重点paraphrase+单词总结.docx

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现代大学英语精读5重点paraphrase+单词总结

Lesson1

Paraphrase

1...whenIsuggestedthatthisbehaviormightbegroundsforsendingthestudentonabriefvacation.（Para14）

Onestudenthadsomeradicalcommentsontheauthor'sclassandtheauthorgotalittlebitangrysothathesuggestedtheschoolshouldsuspendthestudent'sschooling.Butthedeanofstudentsthoughttheauthorwasjusttooannoyed.

Thestorythespeakertellstheaudiencehereishilarious,butnottobetakenseriously.IntheUnitedStates,universitystudentsdowriteabouttheirprofessorsontheirblogs—andwriteevaluationsoftheircourses,critiquingtheirprofessors'teachingskills.Soastudentcouldhavecriticizedthespeakerforteachingaboringclassandthespeakermightdefendhimselfbysayingthathehadacold.Butthestoryisbasicallyallfantasy.Thespeaker'sseriouspointmaybethatstudentsexpectprofessorstoentertainthem;theprofessorswhoaregoodentertainersreceivehighevaluations,butthecriterionissuperficial.Lessflashyteacherswhothinkdeeplycanbetheonesfromwhomthestudentslearnthemost.

2.Blacklimousinespulledupinfrontofhisofficeanddisgorgeddecorouslysuitednegotiators.（Para.16）

Thesewereobviouslyofficialsfromthatcountry'sembassysenttonegotiatewiththeprofessoraboutthiscase.Thewholethinghadbecomeatoughdiplomaticissue.

3.Didmypalfold?

Nope,he'snotthetype.Buthedidnotenjoytheprocess.（Para.16）

Didmyfriendbackdown?

No,heisnotthetypeofpersonwhowilleasilygiveuphisprinciplesunderpressure.Buthedidnotliketheexperiencehehadtoendure.Thisagainisaninterestinganecdote,butnotaverygoodexample,becausethestudentinvolvedistoospecial.

4.Theideathatauniversityeducationreallyshouldhavenosubstantialcontent,shouldnotbeaboutwhatJohnKeatswasdisposedtocallSoul-making,isonethatyoumightthinkprofessorsanduniversitypresidentswouldbediscreetabout.（Para.19）

Professorsandpresidentsdonotthinkthecontentofthecoursesreallymattersmuch,becausetheyaresoonforgottenanyway.Itshouldn'tbeaboutsoul-makingeither.Thespeakerissurprisedthatprofessorsandpresidentsareactuallybyandlargequitefrankaboutwhattheythinkaretheaimsofeducation.Theydonothidetheirviewsbecausetheydonotfeelembarrassed.

soul-making:

moralcultivation,character-building,andintellectualdevelopment

discreet:

carefulaboutkeeping/preventingsomethingfrombeingknownornoticedbymanypeople言语谨慎的，说话小心不让人抓辫子的

5.…andcommonsenseissomethingtorespect,thoughnotquite—peaceuntotheformidableBurke—torevere.（Para.28）

常识是应该尊重的东西，但不一定崇拜希望其令人钦佩的伯克先生别生气。

6.IlearnedthatifIwantedtoaffirmanyconsequentialideal,IhadtotalkmywaypastFreud.（Para.34）

SinceFreudhadaveryprofoundunderstandinginpsychology,anytimewhentheauthortriestostatehispointofview,hewilluseFreud'sopinionstoexamhisownview,sothattheauthorcangethispointofviewaffirmedorimproved.

toaffirmanyconsequentialideal:

todeclaremyfirmbeliefinanyimportantideal

totalkmywaypastFreud:

todealwithFreud'sviewsandsuccessfullyarguewith/refutehimbefore（Icandeclaremybeliefinthatideal）

7.1.It'sbeensaidthatraisingachildeffectivelytakesavillage:

Well,asyoumayhavenoticed,ourAmericanvillageisnotinverygoodshape.（Para.2）

Thereisanoldsayingthatittakesthecollectiveeffortofawholevillagetoraiseachildproperly,thatis,thewholevillageisresponsibleforthehealthyupbringingofachild.

ourAmericanvillageisnotinverygoodshape:

NotethatthespeakeristalkingaboutanytraditionalAmericanvillage?

Heisusingthewordvillageinametaphoricalsense,takingittomeanthecountry.

8.Brodhead…seemstotakeashiseducationaltouchstonetheDukeofWellington'sperceptthattheBattleofWaterloowaswonontheplayingfieldsofEton.

（老师讲的试卷答案不确定）Brodheadhasastrongbeliefthatwhatmattersineducationisoutside-classactivities,andhetakesitashiseducationaltouchstone.

9.You'llalso,ifmyfatherandIareright,betrulyandrighteouslyscrewed.（Para.24）

Trulyandrighteouslyscrewed:

trulycheatedandruined，andyetyoucan'tblameanybody.

Lesson4

Paraphrase

1...inthatprofessiontherearefewerexperiencesforwomenthaninanyother,withtheexceptionofthestage.

（1）

我的专业是文学，而在这个专业中，妇女的特殊经历比其他专业中妇女面临的特殊经历要少，舞台艺术是个例外。

otherprofessions,suchasscience,medicine,law,arenewerforwomen,andthereforetheroadisharderforthem,withmoreexperiencespeculiartothem.Theprofessionofdramaisanexception.Likeliterature,dramaalsoinvolvesmorewomenthanotherprofessions.

△老师上课讲的意思和课本上的讲解完全相反这里给的是课本上的讲解

2.Nodemandwasmadeuponthefamilypurse.

（1）

Therewasnoneedforawritertospendmuchofthefamilymoneyinordertowrite.

Here,theword"purse"inwhichmoneyisputstandsformoney,financialcircumstances.

3Inthosedays---thelastofQueenVictoria---everyhousehaditsAngel.（3）

Thissentencecanbeinterpretedontwolevels.Onthefirstlevel,inthelastdaysofQueenVictoria,everyhousehadawomanlikethat,whowassympathetic,charming,unselfishandaboveallpure.Onadeeperlevel,inthelastperiodofthereignofQueenVictoria,thebeliefthateverywomanshouldbesympathetic,charming,unselfish,andaboveall,purewasprevalentinEnglishsociety.

4Besympathetic;betender;flatter;deceive;usealltheartsandwilesofoursex.（3）

Assoonastheauthorbegantowriteherreview,sheseemedtohearavoicetellingherwhattodo.Tobesympatheticmeanstounderstandthemindofmenandnottodisagreewiththem.Tobetendermeansshemustnotbetooharshinhercriticism.Toflatter,shemustpraisethebookinaninsincerewayinordertopleasethereadingpublic.Todeceiveindicatesthatshecouldnotwritewhatshereallythought;shewouldhavetotellliesinsteadoftellingthetruth.

Theauthorisurgedtousethetricksknowntothefemalesexbecauseawomanhastodosoinordertobesuccessfulinamale-dominatedprofession.

5Herfictitiousnaturewasofgreatassistancetoher.（3）

ThephantomortheAngelintheHouseisnotarealperson.Theauthorisonlypersonifyingit.Itdoesnothaveaphysicalform.Infactitisamentalimageandhasanimaginarynature.Itisfarmoredifficulttodealwithaphantomthanareality.Thereasonisexplainedinthenextsentence.

她的虚幻本质给她帮了大忙：

杀死一个幽灵远比杀死一个真人要困难得多。

6Forthoughmensensiblyallowthemselvesgreatfreedomintheserespects,Idoutthattheyrealizeorcancontroltheextremeseveritywithwhichtheycondemnsuchfreedominwomen.（5）

Itwasasensiblethingformentogivethemselvesgreatfreedomtotalkaboutthebodyandtheirpassions.Butifwomenwanttohavethesamefreedom,mencondemnsuchfreedominwomen.AndIdonotbelievethattheyrealizehowseverelytheycondemnsuchfreedominwomen,nordoIbelievethattheycancontroltheirextremelyseverecondemnationofsuchfreedominwomen.

severity:

thequalityorconditionofbeingsevere;strictness,harshness.

Wordsandexpressions

1.constitute（3）

（1）tomakeuporformsomething

Twelvemonthsconstituteoneyear.

Womentakeup70%ofthestudentbodyatthecollege.

Meaningfullettersorcharactersthatconstitutereadablematter.

（2）tobethesameassth.,tobeequivalenttosth.

Thecourtdeterminedthatthesearchoftheirhouseconstitutedtoviolationoftheirrights.

Failingtocompletetheworkconstitutesabreachoftheemploymentcontract.

（3）toestablishorcreate（anorganization）usuallyusedastobeconstituted

TherecentlyconstitutedgovernmentwillholdelectionsinMay.

2.befall（3&5）:

Ifsomethingunpleasantordangerousbefallsyou,ithappenstoyou.

Badluckmaybefalltoanyoneatanytime.

Weprayedthatnoharmshouldbefallthem.

It'ssadtothinkoftheunhappyfatethatbefellthem.

Nobodycanpredictthemiserythatmaybefallhumankind.

3.noseabout（5）:

tolookaroundaplace,ofteninordertofindsomething,especiallysomethingprivateorhidden,tomeddleorpry.

Icaughthimnosingaroundinmyoffice.

Theyarealwaysnosingaboutinotherpeople'sbusiness.

Hewasalwaysnosingaboutthekitchen,lookinginallthecupboardsforsomethingtoeat.

I'llgoandnoseaboutformorenews.

Don'tnoseaboutinotherpeople'saffairs.

4.impede（5）

（1）beahindranceorobstacleto

Heclaimsthattheeconomicgrowthisimpededbygovernmentregulations.

Theywereaccusedofimpedingtheadministrationofjustice.

Nothingcanimpedehisprogress.

Themuddyroadsimpedeourjourney.

（2）impediment

Hehasaspeechimpediment.

5.onthevergeof（5）:

tobeatthepointwheresomethingisabouttohappen.

Shewasonthevergeoftellingallthesecret.

Jessseemedonthevergeoftears.

It'saneventwhichleftheronthevergeofanervousbreakdown.

Thecompanyisonthevergeofbankruptcy.

Theywereonthevergeoftearsatparting.

△edge,border,margin,rim,verge,brim,fringe这些名词均有"边，边缘"之意。

Edge:

普通用词，指较窄的边沿。

Cutting-edge=stateoftheart技术发展最前沿的

Border:

侧重刚好在界线内的一部分表面上，指较宽的边缘，也可指边缘本身。

Margin:

指物体的空白边，一般较宽。

Rim:

指圆形或有曲线的物体的边缘。

Verge:

指明显地标志一个表在或一广阔空间的边界，或终端线，也指极狭窄的空间。

常用作比喻。

Brim:

指深容器的内边或河、湖等水域的最高线。

Brimover溢出

Fringe:

指地毯的须边、围巾的花边、烫发的卷边或人群的边缘。

6.nominal（7）

（1）existinginthenameonly,notactualorreal.

Hewasthenominalheadoftheparty.

Hertitleofvicepresidenthadbeennominalonly.

Shechargedonlyanominalfeeforherwork.

Thechairmanisonlythenominalrulerofthecountry.

（2）nominalvalue/rate/incomeetc.

Ifpriceskeeprisingandthenominalwageremainsconstant,therealwagefalls.

（3）verysmallinamount