届四川绵阳中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案.docx

届四川绵阳中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案.docx

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届四川绵阳中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案

2021届四川绵阳中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Lastsummer,KatieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhelp.Sherolleddownherwindowandshouted.“Hey.I’mdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.Doyouwantonerightnow?

”Themanlaughed,thenpaused.“Actually,”hesaid,“Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercarandhelpedthemancuthishairimmediately.Aftertheworkwasdone,themanlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!

”hesaid.

Uptonow,Stellerhasgiven30orsosuchhaircutsaroundthecitytopeoplewithlittleinfluence,andsheisstronglyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.

Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,causingherhairtogetthinned,sohermotherarrangedforSteller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutandlessalone,”shesays.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownbarbershopsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingcosmetology（美容术）schoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,otherswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.

“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeI’dgoaroundandaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Ican’tfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”

Itallbeganwithabeliefinsimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhavenoideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”

1.Howdoesthewriterbeginthepassage?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Bygivingareason.

C.Byraisingaquestion.D.Bydescribingascene.

2.WhatmadeStellarstarttheRedChairProject?

A.Hermother’sloveforher.B.Herinterestincosmetology.

C.Hercareforthoseinneed.D.Herwishtofightseverediseases.

3.WhatdidStellarexpectfromtheproject?

A.Tospreadkindness.B.Tosolvesocialproblems.

C.Todealwithrelationships.D.Tomakepeoplelooksmarter.

B

PreventingheartdiseaseisatopicIthinkaboutallthetime,givenmyfamilyhistoryofheartdisease.Solastsummer,ItravelledtoBolivia.Thenatives,calledtheTsimane,werereportedtohavethehealthiestheartsintheworld.Iwantedtolearnwhattheycouldteachmeaboutpreventingheartdisease.

GettingtotheTsimanewasn'teasy.Theylivedinsmallfamilygroupsofabout60peoplealongriverbanks.Wefinallyfoundoneofthevillagesatsunset.Thatnight,wesetupourtentsinthemiddleofthevillage.Thatchedhutssurroundedus,withnoelectricityormodemconveniences.

Atfirst,Ithoughttheymainlygottheircaloricsfrommeat.However,Ifoundfoodsuchasriceandcommadeupnearly70%oftheirdiet.Thefoodwasnotprocessed,lackingaddedsugarsorsalts.

Duringmystaythere,Iwenthuntingandfishingwiththemenandplayedsoccerwiththekids.IfoundtheTsimanewerestandingorwalkingnearlyalloftheirwakinghours.Menspentlotsoftimetrackinganimals.Fanningandgathering,mostlydonebychildrenandwomen,wereall-dayaffairs.

Ialsogotaclearideaofhowtheyrested.Assoonasthesunwentdown,peoplereturnedtotheirhutsandwenttosleep.Andwiththecallofthecockinthemorning,anotherdaybegan.

ThelifespanoftheTsimaneisactuallymuchshorterthanthoselivingintheUS.Variousfactors,likeanimalattacksandinfections,bringdownthelifespan.Butupuntilthedaytheydie,theyareoftenveryhealthy.WhileheartdiseasekillsthousandsofAmericanseveryyearandcostsnearlyabilliondollarsaday,theTsimaneremindusthatwealthdoesn'tnecessarilybuyhealth.

4.Whydoestheauthorpaysomuchattentiontopreventingheartdisease?

A.Hedreamsofbecomingadoctor.

B.Hewantstoteachothersaboutthetopic.

C.Hisfamilymembersencouragehimtodoso.

D.Hewasbornwithahighriskofheartdisease.

5.Whichfactorsdidtheauthormainlyfocusoninhisresearch?

A.Housing,foodandcooperation.B.Diet,activityandrest.

C.Physicalwork,sociallifeandlifespan.D.Groupsize,familyhistoryandconsumption

6.WhatwastheTsimane'ssleep-wakecyclemainlybasedon?

A.Naturalsound.B.Routineactivity.

C.Animalbehaviour.D.Naturallight.

7.WhatmighttheauthoradviseustodoafterhistravelsinBolivia?

A.Takeinlesssugarandsalt.B.Standlessandwalkmore.

C.Eatwhitemeatinsteadofredmeat.D.Liveinthemiddleofthecommunity.

C

Thefarsideofthemoonisastrangeandwildregion,quitedifferentfromthefamiliarandmostlysmoothfaceweseenightlyfromourplanet.Soonthisroughspacewillhaveevenstrangerfeatures:

itwillbecrowdedwithradiotelescopes.

Astronomersareplanningtomakethemoon'sdistantsideournewestandbestwindowonthecosmic（宇宙的）darkages,amysteriouserahidingearlymarksofstarsandgalaxies.Ouruniversewasnotalwaysfilledwithstars.About380,000yearsafterthebigbang,theuniversecooled,andthefirstatomsofhydrogenformed.Gigantichydrogencloudssoonfilledtheuniverse.Butforafewhundredmillionyears,everythingremaineddark,withoutstars.Thencamethecosmicdawn:

thefirststarsflickered,galaxiescameintoexistenceandslowlytheuniverse'slargescalestructuretookshape.

Theseedsofthisstructuremusthavebeenpresentinthedarkagehydrogenclouds,buttheerahasbeenimpossibletoprobeusingoptical（光学的）telescopes—therewasnolight.Andalthoughthishydrogenproducedlongwavelength（orlowfrequency）radioemissions,radiotelescopesonEarthhavefounditnearlyimpossibletodetectthem.Ouratmosphereeitherblocksordisturbsthesefaintsignals;thosethatgetthrougharedrownedoutbyhumanity'sradionoise.

Scientistshavedreamedfordecadesofstudyingthecosmicdarkagesfromthemoon'sfarside.Nowmultiplespaceagenciesplanlunarmissionscarryingradiowavedetectinginstruments—somewithinthenextthreeyears—andastronomers'dreamsaresettobecomereality.

“IfIweretodesignanidealplacetodolowfrequencyradioastronomy,Iwouldhavetobuildthemoon,”saysastrophysicistJackBurnsoftheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Wearejustnowfinallygettingtotheplacewherewe'reactuallygoingtobeputtingthesetelescopesdownonthemooninthenextfewyears.”

8.What'sthepurposeofbuildingradiotelescopesonthemoon?

AToresearchthebigbang.B.Todiscoverunknownstars.

C.Tostudythecosmicdarkages.D.Toobservethefarsideofthemoon.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“probe”inParagraph3possiblymean?

A.Explore.B.Evaluate.

C.Produce.D.Predict.

10.Hydrogenradioemissionscan'tbedetectedonEarthbecause________．

A.therewasnolightinthedarkages

B.theycannotpossiblygetthroughouratmosphere

C.gigantichydrogencloudsnolongerfilltheuniverse

D.radiosignalsonEarthcausetoomuchinterference

11.Whatcanweinferfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?

A.Scientistshavetorebuildthemoon.

B.Wewillfinallygettothemoon'sdistantside.

C.Themoonisaperfectplacetosetupradiotelescopes.

D.Afavorableresearchenvironmentwillbefoundonthemoon.

D

Fairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblem—solvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI（artificialintelligence）cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.

Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”（堂吉诃德）.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.

Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives（指令）,therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.

Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It’sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.

12.Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?

A.Theyentertainrobots.

B.Theyhighlightdangers.

C.Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.

D.Theyenablerobot