新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第七单元课后答案.docx
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新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第七单元课后答案
Textcomprehension
I.B. II.1.T; 2.T; 3.T; 4.F; 5.F.
III.
1.Paragraph2.Itisoursociety,whichoveremphasizeswinning,considersfailureasin,andseesprosperityinthepresentasasuresignofsalvationinthefuture.
2.Paragraph4.Becausethestudentsmayhaveacquiredmoreorlessknowledgeoutofthecoursethanthegradeindicates.
3.Paragraph5.Hisattitudeiscritical.Hecomplainstheexclusionofsuchimportantcharacteristicsascourage,kindness,wisdomandgoodhumor.
4.Paragraph8.Itwastomakeacleardistinctionbetweenthestudentasclassroomperformerandthestudentashumanbeing.Soalowgrade,atbest,indicatesanincompetentclassroomperformer,notanincompetenthumanbeing.
5.Paragraph9.Hethinkssociallabels,includinggrades,arebasicallyirrelevantandmisleading,thoughnecessary.Butit’snotself-contradictorybecausesociallabelsarenecessaryaswaysofdistinctionforjobchoice,notasreasonsforattitudetowardothersorourselvesinhumanterms.
IV.
1.Beingunsuccessfulanddisadvantagedisregardedassinfulbecauseinthiswordpeopletendtothinktoday’ssuccesscansaveonefromevilinthefuture.
2.Itisimportanttoseethefactthatalthoughtheydifferintheirclassstatusandeducationalbackground,humanbeingsareessentiallythesame.Biologicallytheyareconstructedinthesameway,andtheysharethecommonfeelingsoffearandjoyandthecommonexperienceofsufferingandachieving.Thiscommonalityhasboundthemtogether.Allofthemwillregardwars,diseases,anddisastersbothprivateandpublicasunfortunatebigeventsintheirlifetime.
Structuralanalysisofthetext
1.Paragraph2—5.Keywords:
Disappointment.Mainidea:
Gradesdonotmeaneverything.
2.Paragraph6—8.Keywords:
Thestudentasperformer;thestudentashumanbeing.Mainidea:
GettingaBinclassdoesnotmeanonewillalwaysbeaBperformerinlife.
3.Paragraph9—10.Keywords:
Perspective.Mainidea:
Inacomplexsocietylikeours,labelsarenecessarybuttheyshouldbekeptinperspective.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
Partone.VocabularyAnalysis
I. Phrasepractice
1.essence:
innernature;indispensablequality;themostimportantpart 本质，实质，精髓
.Hisworksreflecttheessenceoffascism. 他的作品反映出法西斯的本质。
2.deadlysins:
sinsleadingtodamnation.（pride,covetousness,lust,anger,gluttony,envyandsloth,inChristianity）
3.misleading:
makingyouthinkoractwrongly 误导，误入歧途
.Hedeliberatelymisledusaboutthenatureoftheirrelationship. 关于他们究竟是什么关系，他故意给我们留下错误印象。
Thissentencehasmisledusintothinkingthattheanswerwaswrong. 这句话误使我们认为那个答案是错误的。
4.conventionaltask:
tasktraditionallyrequiredofstudents 传统任务
.Thisconventionaltaskissoeasythatevenapupilcanfinishit. 这个传统任务是如此简单，甚至小学生都能完成。
5.inshortsupply:
farfromenough 供给不足，缺乏
.Thewaterandfoodfordisasterareaisinshortsupply. 这些水和食物给灾区是远远不够的。
Potatoesareinshortsupplybecauseofthebadharvest. 由于收成不好，现在马铃薯供应不足。
II.
1.define; 2.irrelevant; 3.correspondto; 4.flunked; 5.rather; 6.makesapointof; 7.aptto; 8.goround.
III. Wordderivation.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Hisvisionwasnearlyrestoredtonormalaftertheremoval（remove）ofthetumorinhisbrain.
2.Themajorissueoftheconferencewashowtocopewiththesevereconsequencesresultingfromtheclimatic（climate）changesonourplanet.
3.Thiscompanyisintroubleandthelatestplanforitssalvation（salvage）hasfewsupporters.
4.Itissaidinthejobadthatthosewhoapplyforthevacancyshouldhaveproficiency（proficient）inatleasttwolanguages.
5.Don’trelyontheinformationshegaveyou—it’spureassumption（assume）onherpart.
6.Theageofcollegestudentsnormally（norm）rangesfrom18to22.
7.Thegovernment’sinactiontocurbinflationandunemploymentcausedstrongresentment（resent）amongthepublic.
8.TheSichuanearthquaketurnedouttobethemostdisastrous（disaster）onethecountryhaswitnessedinthepastonehundredyears.
1.removev. 消除，除去；脱掉
removablea. 可除去的，可移动的
removaln. 移动，移居；除去
. 我们的家已从北京迁到上海。
OurhomehasremovedfromBeijingtoShanghai.
他脱下帽子表示敬意。
Heremovedhishatasasignofreverence.
2.climaten. 气候；风气
climatica. 气候上的
. 她很快就适应了这种多变的气候。
Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothechangeableclimate.
3.salvagev. 打捞，抢救
salvageablea. 可抢救的，可打捞的
salvationn. 得救，拯救；赎罪
. 房子里没有什么东西可救的了。
Thereisnothingthatissalvageableinthebuilding.
天气干旱了这么久，这场雨成了农民的救星。
Aftersomuchdryweather,therainhasbeenthefarmer’ssalvation.
4.proficienta. 熟练的，精通的
proficiencyn. 熟练，精通
. 我可以说对唱歌很在行。
I’dsayIamquiteproficientatsinging.
5.assumev. 假定，设想；承担；认为
assumingconj. 假定，假如
assumptionn. 假定，设想
. 我以为你能讲流利的英语。
IassumedyoucouldspeakEnglishfluently.
假定那是真的，我们现在该怎么办
Assumingthatitistrue,whatshouldwedonow
6.normn. 标准，规范
normala. 正常的，正规的
normalityn. 常态
normalizev. 使正常，使标准化
. 过了几天，洪水才退，生活恢复了正常。
Itwasseveraldaysbeforethefloodwatersankandlifereturnedtonormal.
我们的关系正常了。
Ourrelationshiphasbeennormalized.
7.resentv. 憎恨，生气
resentmentn. 怨恨，愤恨
resentfula. 不满的
resentfulnessn. 怨恨，愤恨
. 我非常讨厌别人侵占我的时间。
.
Ibitterlyresenttheencroachmentonmytime.
他对所受的待遇感到忿恨。
Heisresentfulatthewayhehasbeentreated.
8.disastern. 灾难
disastrousa. 灾难性的
. 这场灾难过后，许多人既没有食物又没有住处。
Afterthedisasterthereweremanywhowantedfoodandshelter.
国家的经济形势非常糟糕。
Theeconomicconditionofthecountryisdisastrous.
IV.
1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.C; 5.B; 6.D; 7.B; 8.D.
V.Synonym/Antonym:
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.Theessenceofsuccessisthatthere’sneverenoughofittogoroundinazero-sumgamewhereoneperson’swinningmustbeoffsetbyanother’slosing…
Synonym:
balanced,compensated
2.Thelevelofyourproficiencyhasbeendeterminedbyyourperformanceofratherconventionaltasks…
Antonym:
unconventional
3.Buttheyareimportant:
cruciallyso,becausetheyarealwaysinshortsupply.
Antonym:
abundant,plentiful
4.Ifyouvaluethesecharacteristicsinyourself,youwillbevalued—andfarmoresothanthosewhoseidentitiesaremeasuredonlybylittlemarksonapieceofpaper.
Synonym:
evaluated,assessed
5.Therewerealotofusthen:
olderthanthenorm,inahurrytogetourdegreesandmoveon…
Synonym:
average
6.Itisimportanttorecognizethathumanbeings,despitedifferencesinclassandeducationallabeling,arefundamentallyhewnfromthesamematerialandknittogetherbycommonbondsoffearandjoy…
Synonym:
essentially,basically
7.Butthesedistinctionsshouldneverbetakenseriouslyinhumanterms…
Antonym:
lightly,frivolously
8.Eveninachievementterms,yourBlabeldoesnotmeanthatyouarepermanentlydefinedasaBachievementperson.
Antonym:
temporarily
VI. Prefix:
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.
1.interfere international____ 2.transcend ___translate
3.circumstances ____circumference 4.neocolonial neoclassical
5.control conform 6.antibiotic antisocial
7.unlock undo 8.outnumber outshine
1.Explanation:
inter-:
between
.interaction,interdependent,interconnect
2.Explanation:
trans-:
acrossorbeyond
.transplant,transform,transatlantic
3.Explanation:
circum-:
surrounding
.circumcision,circumlocution,circumspect
4.Explanation:
neo-:
new,inalaterform
.neonatal,neo-fascist,neo-Georgian
5.Explanation:
con-:
strengthenorreinforce
.convince,constrain,conquer
6.Explanation:
anti-:
opposedto,against
.antiwar,antihero,antidote
7.Explanation:
un-:
inverbsthatdescribetheoppositeofaprocess
.unfold,unload,unbend,uncut
8.Explanation:
out-:
greater,better,further,etc.
.outgrow,outlive,outwit
Parttwo. GrammarExercises
1. Disjunct
Adisjunctisatypeof adverbial thatexpressesinformationthatis notconsideredessential tothesentenceitappearsin,butwhichisconsideredtobethespeaker’sorwriter’s attitude towards,or descriptivestatement of,thepropositionalcontentofthesentence.
Moregenerally,thetermdisjunctcanbeusedtorefertoanysentenceelementthatisnotfullyintegratedintotheclausalstructureofthesentence.Suchelementsusuallyappearperipherally（atthebeginningorendofthesentence）andaresetofffromtherestofthesentencebyacomma（inwriting）andapause（inspeech）.
.Honestly,Icouldn’tbelieveit.
Unfortunately,Kimhashadtoleaveus.
I.Practice:
Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingproperdisjuncts.
1.Unfortunately,…
2.ItishopedthatthereportwillgoouttoshareholdersnolaterthanJune1.
Hopefully,…
3.Itisoddenoughthathedidnotraiseanyobjectiontotheplan.
Oddlyenough,…
4.Rightly,…
5.Luckily,…
6.Fortunately,…
7.Itisstrangeenoughthattheburglarshouldnothavetakenthediamondaway.
Strangelyenough,…
II.
Type1expressesajudgmentonthewholeandmeanwhilethe subject,sothreetypesofsentencestructurescanbeused;
Type2expressesnojudgmentonthe subject.
1.Itwasrightthat…/Theywererighttohave….
2.Itwasfoolishthat…/Itwasfoolishoftheboynottosay…/Theboywasfoolishnottosay….
3.type1.
4
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