剑4test1reading精讲版.docx
《剑4test1reading精讲版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《剑4test1reading精讲版.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![剑4test1reading精讲版.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-1/3/4f6184b4-c360-4f7e-bf8a-f87be22355e1/4f6184b4-c360-4f7e-bf8a-f87be22355e11.gif)
剑4test1reading精讲版
剑4TEST1Reading
READINGPASSAGE1
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-14whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.
一 Adultsandchildrenarefrequentlyconfrontedwithstatementsaboutthealarmingrateoflossoftropicalrainforests.Forexample,onegraphicillustrationtowhichchildrenmightreadilyrelateistheestimatethatrainforestsarebeingdestroyedatarateequivalenttoonethousandfootballfieldseveryfortyminutes-aboutthedurationofanormalclassroomperiod.Inthefaceofthefrequentandoftenvividmediacoverage第一题,itislikelythatchildrenwillhaveformedideasaboutrainforests-whatandwheretheyare,whytheyareimportant,whatendangersthem-independentofanyformaltuition.Itisalsopossiblethatsomeoftheseideaswillbemistaken.
二 Manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenharbourmisconceptionsabout‘pure’,curriculumscience.第三题Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbutbecomeincorporatedintoamultifaceted,butorganised,conceptualframework,makingitandthecomponentideas,someofwhichareerroneous,morerobustbutalsoaccessibleto容易受影响modification.第四题Theseideasmaybedevelopedbychildrenabsorbingideasthroughthepopularmedia.第二题Sometimesthisinformationmaybeerroneous.Itseemsschoolsmaynotbeprovidinganopportunityforchildrentore-expresstheirideasandsohavethemtestedandrefinedbyteachersandtheirpeers.
三 Despitetheextensivecoverageinthepopularmediaofthedestructionofrainforests,littleformalinformationisavailableaboutchildren’sideasinthisarea.Theaimofthepresentstudyistostarttoprovidesuchinformation,tohelpteachersdesigntheireducationalstrategiestobuilduponcorrectideasandtodisplacemisconceptionsandtoplanprogrammesinenvironmentalstudiesintheirschools.
四 Thestudysurveyschildren’sscientificknowledgeandattitudestorainforests.Secondaryschoolchildrenwereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairecontainingfiveopen-formquestions简答题.第五题Themostfrequentresponsestothefirstquestionweredescriptionswhichareself-evidentfromtheterm‘rainforest’.Somechildrendescribedthemasdamp,wetorhot.Thesecondquestionconcernedthegeographicallocationofrainforests.Thecommonestresponseswerecontinentsorcountries:
Africa(givenby43%ofchildren),第九题SouthAmerica(30%),Brazil(25%).Somechildrenalsogavemoregenerallocations,suchasbeingneartheEquator.
五 Responsestoquestionthreeconcernedtheimportanceofrainforests.Thedominantidea,raisedby64%ofthepupils,wasthatrainforestsprovideanimalswithhabitats.Fewerstudentsrespondedthatrainforestsprovideplanthabitats,andevenfewermentionedtheindigenouspopulationsofrainforests.第十题Moregirls(70%)thanboys(60%)raisedtheideaofrainforestasanimalhabitats.第六题这两句话都拿男生女生做了比较但所比较的事物却不是对热带雨林毁坏的错误观点
六 Similarly,butatalowerlevel,moregirls(13%)thanboys(5%)saidthatrainforestsprovidedhumanhabitats.第六题Theseobservationsaregenerallyconsistentwithourpreviousstudiesofpupils’viewsabouttheuseandconservationofrainforests,inwhichgirlswereshowntobemoresympathetictoanimalsandexpressedviewswhichseemtoplaceanintrinsicvalueonnon-humananimallife.第七题
七 Thefourthquestionconcernedthecausesofthedestructionofrainforests.Perhapsencouragingly,morethanhalfofthepupils(59%)identifiedthatitishumanactivitieswhicharedestroyingrainforests,第十一题somepersonalisingtheresponsibilitybytheuseoftermssuchas‘weare’.About18%ofthepupilsreferredspecificallytologgingactivity.
八 Onemisconception,expressedbysome10%ofthepupils,wasthatacidrainisresponsibleforrainforestdestruction;asimilarproportionsaidthatpollutionisdestroyingrainforests.Here,childrenareconfusingrainforestdestructionwithdamagetotheforestsofWesternEuropebythesefactors.Whiletwofifthsofthestudentsprovidedtheinformationthattherainforestsprovideoxygen,insomecasesthisresponsealsoembracedthemisconceptionthatrainforestdestructionwouldreduceatmosphericoxygen,makingtheatmosphereincompatiblewithhumanlifeonEarth.
九 Inanswertothefinalquestionabouttheimportanceofrainforestconservation,themajorityofchildrensimplysaidthatweneedrainforeststosurvive.第十二题Onlyafewofthepupils(6%)mentionedthatrainforestdestructionmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Thisissurprisingconsideringthehighlevelofmediacoverageonthisissue.第十三题Somechildrenexpressedtheideathattheconservationofrainforestsisnotimportant.
十 Theresultsofthisstudysuggestthatcertainideaspredominateinthethinkingofchildrenaboutrainforests.Pupils’responsesindicatesomemisconceptionsinbasicscientificknowledgeofrainforests’ecosystemssuchastheirideasaboutrainforestsashabitatsforanimals,plantsandhumansandtherelationshipbetweenclimaticchangeanddestructionofrainforests.
十一 Pupilsdidnotvolunteerideasthatsuggestedthattheyappreciatedthecomplexityofcausesofrainforestdestruction.Inotherwords,theygavenoindicationofanappreciationofeithertherangeofwaysinwhichrainforestsareimportantorthecomplexsocial,economicandpoliticalfactorswhichdrivetheactivitieswhicharedestroyingtherainforests.Oneencouragementisthattheresultsofsimilarstudiesaboutotherenvironmentalissuessuggestthatolderchildrenseemtoacquiretheabilitytoappreciate,valueandevaluateconflictingviews.Environmentaleducationoffersanarenainwhichtheseskillscanbedeveloped,whichisessentialforthesechildrenasfuturedecision-makers.
Questions1-8
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1Inboxes1-8onyouranswersheetwrite
TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation
FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformation
NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis
1Theplightoftherainforestshaslargelybeenignoredbythemedia.FALSE
2Childrenonlyacceptopinionsonrainforeststhattheyencounterintheirclassrooms.FALSE
3Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe‘pure’sciencethattheystudyatschool.TRUE
4Thefactthatchildren’sideasaboutscienceformpartofalargerframeworkofideasmeansthatitiseasiertochangethem.TRUE
5Thestudyinvolvedaskingchildrenanumberofyes/noquestionssuchas‘ArethereanyrainforestsinAfrica’FALSE
6Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoholdmistakenviewsabouttherainforests’destruction.NOTGIVEN
7Thestudyreportedherefollowsonfromaseriesofstudiesthathavelookedatchildren’sunderstandingofrainforests.TRUE
8Asecondstudyhasbeenplannedtoinvestigateprimaryschoolchildren’sideasaboutrainforests.NOTGIVEN直到最后都只字未提
Questions9-13
TheboxbelowgivesalistofresponsesA-PtothequestionnairediscussedinReading
Passage1.
AnswerthefollowingquestionsbychoosingthecorrectresponsesA-P.Writeyouranswersinboxes9-13onyouranswersheet.
M9Whatwasthechildren’smostfrequentresponsewhenaskedwheretherainforestswere
E10Whatwasthemostcommonresponsetothequestionabouttheimportanceoftherainforests
G11Whatdidmostchildrengiveasthereasonforthelossoftherainforests
P12Whydidmostchildrenthinkitimportantfortherainforeststobeprotected
J13Whichoftheresponsesiscitedasunexpectedlyuncommon,giventheamountoftimespentontheissuebythenewspapersandtelevision
AThereisacomplicatedcombinationofreasonsforthelossoftherainforests.
BTherainforestsarebeingdestroyedbythesamethingsthataredestroyingtheforestsofWesternEurope.
CRainforestsarelocatedneartheEquator.
DBrazilishometotherainforests.
EWithoutrainforestssomeanimalswouldhavenowheretolive.
FRainforestsareimportanthabitatsforalotofplants.
GPeopleareresponsibleforthelossoftherainforests.
HTherainforestsareasourceofoxygen.
IRainforestsareofconsequenceforanumberofdifferentreasons.
JAstherainforestsaredestroyed,theworldgetswarmer.
KWithoutrainforeststherewouldnotbeenoughoxygenintheair.
LTherearepeopleforwhomtherainforestsarehome.
MRainforestsarefoundinAfrica.
NRainforestsarenotreallyimportanttohumanlife.
OThedestructionoftherainforestsisthedirectresultofloggingactivity.
PHumansdependontherainforestsfortheircontinuingexistence.
Question14
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,C,DorE.
Writeyouranswerinbox14onyouranswersheet.
WhichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforReadingPassage1
AThedevelopmentofaprogrammeinenvironmentalstudieswithinasciencecurriculum
BChildren’sideasabouttherainforestsandtheimplicationsforcoursedesign
CTheextenttowhichchildrenhavebeenmisledbythemediaconcerningtherainforests
DHowtocollect,collateanddescribetheideasofsecondaryschoolchildren
ETheimportanceoftherainforestsandthereasonsfortheirdestruction
READINGPASSAGE2
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions15-26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.
WhatDoWhalesFeel
Anexaminationofthefunctioningofthesensesincetaceans鲸,thegroupofmammals哺乳动物comprising包括whales,dolphinsandporpoises海豚
一 Someofthesensesthatweandotherterrestrial陆生的mammalstakeforgrantedareeitherreduced减弱的orabsent缺席的不存在的incetaceansorfailtofunctionwellinwater.Forexample,itappearsfromtheirbrainstructurethattoothed有牙齿的speciesareunabletosmell.Baleenspecies,鲸须ontheotherhand,