高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修.docx
《高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修
2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷5Unit5NelsonMandela新人教版必修
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(状元桥改编)Ayoungwomansitsaloneinacafésippingteaandreadingabook.Shepausesbrieflytowriteinanearbynotepadbeforeshowingherwordstoapassingworker:
“Wherearethetoiletsplease?
”ThisisafamiliarsceneinTokyo'ssocalled“silentcafés”,wherecustomersarenotallowedtospeak,andonlymunicatebywritinginnotepads.
TheconceptrisesbyadesiretobealoneamongyoungJapanese,asituationbroughtbyeconomicuncertainty,ashiftintraditionalfamilysupportstructuresandthegrowingsocialisolation.Thephenomenonisnotconfinedtocoffeeshopsbutcoverseverythingfromsilentdiscos,whereparticipantsdancealonewearingwirelessheadphonesconnectedtotheDJ,toproductssuchassmalldesktentsdesignedforconversationfreeprivacyintheoffice.Atthemostunusualendofthespectrum(观点),oneKyotopanyofferssinglewomentheopportunitytohavea“onewomanwedding”—afullbridalaffair,pletewithwhitedressandceremoniesandtheonlythingmissingbeingthegroom.Thetrendhasitsownmediaexpression—“__botchizoku__”,referringtoindividualswhoconsciouslychoosetodothingspletelyontheirown.
Onerecentweekdayafternoon,ChihiroHigashikokubaru,a23yearoldnurse,travelled90minutesfromherhometoTokyoonherdayoffinordertoenjoysomesolotime.Speakingquietlyattheentranceofthecafé,MissHigashikokubarusaid:
“Iheardaboutthisplaceinmagazines,andIlikeinghere.Iworkasanurseandit'salwaysverybusy.ThereareveryfewquietplacesinTokyo.It'sabusybigcity.Ijustwanttoeandsitsomewherequietlyonmyown.I'mgoingtodrinkacupofteaandmaybedosomedrawings.Iliketheideaofaquiet,calmatmosphere,andit'sdifficulttofind.”
ThedesiretobesolitaryisnotanewconceptinJapan,anationhometoanestimated
3.6million“hikikomori”—amoreextremeexampleofsocialrecluses(隐士)whowithdrawpletelyfromsociety.
语篇导读
本文为说明文,主要介绍了风靡日本的“沉默”咖啡馆以及逐渐盛行起来的“沉默”文化。
1.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“silentcafés”accordingtothefirstparagraph?
A.Itprovidesallkindsofteaandbooks.
B.Itisatraditionalcafé.
C.ItispopularamongyoungJapanese.
D.Itoffersservicebywritingnotbyspeaking.
解析D 细节理解题。
根据第一段最后一句可知,通过便条簿,顾客与服务员进行沟通,同时服务员通过手写提供服务,故选D项。
2.Theword“botchizoku”inParagraph2refersto________.
A.amediaexpressionontheInternet
B.aconcepttobealoneinJapan
C.somepersonsthatdotheirthingsbythemselves
D.somepersonsthatlikereadinginthecafés
解析C 词义猜测题。
根据第二段最后一句可知,botchizoku指的是那些喜欢独自做事的人,故选C项。
3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3thatHigashikokubaru________.
A.isanurse
B.doesn'tliveinTokyo
C.lovestheideaandenjoyshertimethere
D.oftenspendsherweekendsinthecafés
解析C 推理判断题。
根据第三段第二句中的Ilikeinghere以及该段最后一句Iliketheidea…可知,东国原千寻小姐喜欢这种理念并且享受在这里的时光,故选C项。
4.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?
A.SilentcafésB.LonelyJapanese
C.HappyweekendsD.Peacefulplaces
解析A 标题归纳题。
本文主要介绍了日本的“沉默”咖啡馆以及由此延伸出的日本特殊文化现象,故选A项。
B
(xx·哈尔滨六中高三10月段考)SearchengineslikeGooglemakepeoplethinktheyaresmarterthantheyactuallyarebecausetheyhavetheworld'sknowledgeattheirfingertips,psychologistsatYaleUniversityhavefound.SurfingtheInternetforinformationgivespeopleawidelyinaccurateviewoftheirownintelligenceandcouldleadtooverconfidencewhenmakingdecisions,expertswarn.
ExperimentsfoundthatpeoplewhohadsearchedontheInternetbelievedtheywerefarmoreknowledgeableaboutasubjectthanthosewhohadlearnedbynormalroutes,suchasreadingabook.“TheInternetissuchapowerfulenvironment,whereyoucanenteranyquestion,andyoucaneasilygettheworld'sknowledgeatyourfingertips.”saidMatthewFisher,apsychologyprofessoratYaleUniversity.“Butitbeeseasiertoconfuseyourownknowledgewiththissource.Whenpeoplearetrulyontheirown,theywouldeasilygetmorewronganswers.”
Morethan1,000studentstookpartinarangeofexperimentsaimedatstudyingthepsychologicalimpactofsearchingontheInternet.Inonetest,theInternetgroupweregivenawebsitelinkwhichgavetheanswertothequestion“howdoesazipwork?
”whileacontrolgroupweregivenaprintoutofthesameinformation.Whenthetwogroupsweretestedlateronanunrelatedquestion—“whyarecloudynightswarmer?
”thegroupwhohadsearchedonlinebelievedtheyweremoreknowledgeableeventhoughtheywerenotallowedtolookupthecorrectanswer.
“Wealsobelievethatthewrongsenseofpersonalknowledgealsocouldbe__perilous__insomeareaswhenpeoplemakedecisions;incasewheredecisionshavegreatinfluencesuchasimportantbusinesstrade,itmaycausemillionsoflossesandevenbankruptcyofapany.”MrFisheradded.
TheInternetisabigbenefitinmanyways,buttheremaybesomedisadvantagesthataren'timmediatelyobviousandthismaybeoneofthem.“Rightpersonalknowledgeisdifficulttoachieve,andtheInternetmaybemakingthattaskevenharder.”
语篇导读
本文为议论文。
耶鲁大学的心理学家发现,谷歌或雅虎等搜索引擎容易让人对自己的聪明程度自视过高,因为人们只要轻触指尖,就能获取全世界的知识。
5.AccordingtoMatthewFisher,________.
A.peopleshouldkeepawayfromtheInternet
B.theInternetshouldconcentrateonexpertise
C.theInternethasmorebenefitsthandisadvantages
D.peopleshouldn'trelytoomuchontheInternet
解析D 推理判断题。
根据第二段最后一句可知,耶鲁大学心理学教授马修·费舍尔认为:
这样做很容易混淆自己的知识来源。
当人们真正靠自己时,他们很可能会得到更多错误的答案,故选D项。
6.Researchersdidtheexperimentthroughthewayof________.
A.discussionB.assumption(猜测)
C.observationD.parison
解析D 细节理解题。
根据第三段可知,这个实验设置了一个网络组和一个控制对照组,通过将两个小组实验结果进行对比,从而得出实验结论,故选D项。
7.Theunderlinedword“perilous”mostprobablymeans________.
A.ridiculousB.dangerous
C.beneficialD.normal
解析B 词义猜测题。
根据第四段可知,人们对于自己的知识的错误判断会使得其在某些领域造成巨大损失,所以画线处应该是一个表示消极态度的词。
ridiculous可笑的;dangerous危险的;beneficial有益的;normal普通的,平常的,故选B项。
8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.PeoplewidelyusetheInternet.
B.TheInternethasmanyadvantages.
C.TheInternetmakespeopleoverconfident.
D.MoreexperimentshavebeendoneontheInternet.
解析C 主旨大意题。
根据第一段最后一句以及第二段最后一句可知,上网浏览网页会让人们过分地自信,而当他们独立来处理这些问题时,他们在大多数情况下会出错,故选C项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(xx·湖北重点中学新高三起点)QianZhongshuwas1.__a__Chinesescholarandwriter,2.known(know)forhiswitanderudition(博学).
Despitefailinginmathematics,Qianwasaccepted3.intotheDepartmentofForeignLanguagesofTsinghuaUniversityin1929becauseofhisexcellent4.performance(perform)inChineseandEnglishlanguages.InTsinghua,hemethiswifeYangJiang,whowas5.tobee(bee)asuccessfulplaywrightandtranslator,and6.married(marry)herin1935.Inthesameyear,Qianreceivedgovernmentsponsorshiptofurtherhisstudiesabroad.Togetherwithhiswife,QianheadedfortheUniversityofOxfordinBritain.After7.spending(spend)twoyearsatExeterCollege,hereceivedaBachelorofLiterature.HethenstudiedforonemoreyearintheUniversityofParisinFrancebeforereturningtoChinain1938.
QianlivedinShanghaifrom1941to1945,whichwasthenunderJapanese8.occupation(occupy).Manyofhisworkswerewrittenorpublishedduringthisperiodoftime.Acollectionofshort9.essays(essay),WrittenintheMarginsofLife,10.was_published(publish)in1941.HismostcelebratedworkFortressBesiegedappearedin1947.OntheArtofPoetry,writteninclassicalChinese,waspublishedin1948.
语篇导读
本文为记叙文,讲述了钱钟书先生的故事。
1.a 解析考查冠词。
此处表示泛指,指学者兼作家,且Chinese的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
2.known 解析考查非谓语动词。
beknownforsth以某事知名,以某物闻名。
3.into 解析考查介词。
acceptsbinto接纳/录取某人进入……,为固定搭配。
4.performance 解析考查词性转换。
由空前的hisexcellent可知,此处应用名词作介词of的宾语。
5.tobee 解析考查非谓语动词。
根据语境可知,此处表示“她即将成为一位成功的剧作家兼翻译家”,结合空前的was可知,此处应用不定式表示将来。
6.married 解析考查时态。
动词marry与上文中的met之间是并列关系,且由时间状语in1935可知,应用一般过去时。
7.spending 解析考查非谓语动词。
由空前的介词After可知,空处应填v.ing形式作宾语。
8.occupation 解析考查词性转换。
根据空前的介词under和形容词Japanese可知,空处应用名词。
underoccupation被占领。
9.essays 解析考查名词的数。
acollectionof一系列(一批,一堆),故此处用复数形式。
10.waspublished 解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。
此处表示WrittenintheMarginsofLife于1941年出版,publish与其主语之间是动宾关系,且谓语用第三人称单数形式;由时间状语in1941可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。
Ⅲ.短文改错
John,aheavysmoker,oncefelt
①.Hishandsstartedshakingandhe
②alot,soheturnedtohisdoctorforhelp.“Quitsmoking,”thedoctoradvised.
③theadvicereasonablefromseveralpoints,suchasmoneyand
④,Johndecidedtogiveupsmoking.
⑤,forseveralhourswithoutacigarette,Johnwasnervousandhada⑥difficultyconcentrating,whichmadehimhungrierforacigarette.Hesaidtohimself,“Onemore,
⑦Iwillquitittomorrow.Tomorrowwillbeasuitabledayformetobreak
⑧fromthebadhabit…”Thenhepickedupacigarette
⑨madehimrelaxed.AgainandagainJohnmadeuphismindto
⑩it“tomorrow”.
①解析badtempered脾气不好的。
②解析动词cough与started并列,故用一般过去时。
③解析find和逻辑主语John之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词作原因状语。
④解析suchas后的内容是并列关系,故用healthy的名词形式,与money保持一致。
⑤解析上文说到约翰决定戒烟,下文说几个小时不抽烟,约翰感到不安、注意力无法集中。
所以两句之间是转折关系。
⑥解析havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难,为固定搭配。
⑦解析onemore和后面的句子之间为顺承关系,需要用and连接。
⑧解析breakawayfrom脱离,远离。
⑨解析先行词是cigarette,故关系代词用which或that。
⑩解析makeupone'smindtodosth下定决心做某事。
Ⅳ.书面表达
(xx·安徽十校联盟高三摸底)假定你是李华,你校打算成立Fans英语俱乐部,想邀请外教Smith参加,请你给Smith写封邀请函,内容包括:
1.成立俱乐部的目的;
2.活动时间、地点及安排;
3.邀请加入。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
DearSmith,
I'mLiHua,astudentinClass1,Grade
3.ToarouseourinterestinEnglishlearningandprovideaplatformforustopracticeEnglish,ourschoolhasdecidedtosetupFansEnglishClub.
We'llgatherinthemeetingroomafterschooleveryFridayafternoon,whenvariousactivitieswillbeorganizedandperformed,likesingingEnglishsongsandhavingdebatesinEnglish.
I'mveryhonoredtoinviteyoutojoinusrepresentingourschool.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyourappearanceino