ChemTeam AP Multiple Choice1994.docx

ChemTeam AP Multiple Choice1994.docx

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ChemTeamAPMultipleChoice1994

AdvancedPlacementChemistry1994MultipleChoiceQuestions

Notes:

Forallquestionsinvolvingsolutionsand/orchemicalequations,assumethatthesystemisinpurewateratroomtemperatureunlessotherwisenoted.

Questions1-4

（A）Heisenberguncertaintyprinciple（B）Pauliexclusionprinciple（C）Hund'srule（principleofMaximummultiplicity）（D）Shieldingeffect（E）Wavenatureofmatter

1.Canbeusedtopredictthatagaseouscarbonatominitsgroundstateisparamagnetic

2.Explainstheexperimentalphenomenonofelectrondiffraction

3.Indicatesthatanatomicorbitalcanholdnomorethantwoelectrons

4.Predictsthatitisimpossibletodeterminesimultaneouslytheexactpositionandtheexactvelocityofanelectron

Questions5-7refertothephasediagrambelowofapuresubstance.

（A）Sublimation（B）Condensation（C）Solvation（D）Fusion（E）Freezing

5.Ifthetemperatureincreasesfrom10°Cto60°Cataconstantpressureof0.4atmosphere,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?

6.Ifthetemperaturedecreasesfrom110°Cto40°Cataconstantpressureof1.1atmospheres,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?

7.Ifthepressureincreasesfrom0.5to1.5atmospheresataconstanttemperatureof50°C,whichoftheprocessesoccurs?

Questions8-10refertothefollowingdiatomicspecies.

（A）Li2（B）B2（C）N2（D）O2（E）F2

8.Hasthelargestbond-dissociationenergy

9.Hasabondorderof2

10.Contains1sigma（s）and2pi（p）bonds

Questions11-13

（A）Pb（B）Ca（C）Zn（D）As（E）Na

11.UtilizedasacoatingtoprotectFefromcorrosion

12.Isaddedtosilicontoenhanceitspropertiesasasemiconductor

13.Utilizedasashieldfromsourcesofradiation

Directions:

Eachofthequestionsorincompletestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfivesuggestedanswersorcompletions.Selecttheonethatisbestineachcaseandthenfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.

14.Whichofthefollowingislowerfora1.0-molaraqueoussolutionofanysolutethanitisforpurewater?

（A）pH（B）Vaporpressure（C）Freezingpoint（D）Electricalconductivity（E）Absorptionofvisiblelight

15.Inamoleculeinwhichthecentralatomexhibitssp3d2hybridorbitals,theelectronpairsaredirectedtowardthecornersof

（A）atetrahedron（B）asquare-basedpyramid（C）atrigonalbipyramid（D）asquare（E）anoctahedron

16.CommercialvinegarwastitratedwithNaOHsolutiontodeterminethecontentofaceticacid,HC2H3O2.For20.0millilitersofthevinegar,32.0millilitersof0.500-molarNaOHsolutionwasrequired.Whatwastheconcentrationofaceticacidinthevinegarifnootheracidwaspresent?

（A）1.60M（B）0.800M（C）0.640M（D）0.600M（E）0.400M

17.Relativelyslowratesofchemicalreactionareassociatedwithwhichofthefollowing?

（A）Thepresenceofacatalyst（B）Hightemperature（C）Highconcentrationofreactants

（D）Strongbondsinreactantmolecules（E）Lowactivationenergy

18.2H2O+4MnO4¯+3ClO2¯--->4MnO2+3ClO4¯+4OH¯

Whichspeciesactsasanoxidizingagentinthereactionrepresentedabove?

（A）H2O（B）ClO4¯（C）ClO2¯（D）MnO2（E）MnO4¯

19Inwhichofthefollowingcompoundsisthemassratioofchromiumtooxygenclosestto1.6to1.0?

（A）CrO3（B）CrO2（C）CrO（D）Cr20（E）Cr2O3

20....Ag++...AsH3（g）+...OH¯--->...Ag（s）+...H3AsO3（aq）+...H2O

Whentheequationaboveisbalancedwithlowestwhole-numbercoefficients,thecoefficientforOH¯is

（A）2（B）4（C）5（D）6（E）7

21.Correctstatementsaboutalphaparticlesincludewhichofthefollowing?

I.Theyhaveamassnumberof4andachargeof+2.

II.Theyaremorepenetratingthanbetaparticles.

III.Theyareheliumnuclei.

（A）Ionly（B）IIIonly（C）IandII（D）IandIII（E）IIandIII

22.HSO4¯+H2O<===>H3O++SO42¯

Intheequilibriumrepresentedabove,thespeciesthatactasbasesincludewhichofthefollowing?

I.HSO4¯II.H2OIII.SO42¯

（A）IIonly（B）IIIonly（C）IandII（D）IandIII（E）IIandIII

23.

Step1:

Ce4++Mn2+--->Ce3++Mn3+

Step2:

Ce4++Mn3+--->Ce3++Mn4+

Step3:

Mn4++Tl+--->Tl3++Mn2+

TheproposedstepsforacatalyzedreactionbetweenCe4+andTl+arerepresentedabove.Theproductsoftheoverallcatalyzedreactionare

（A）Ce4+andTl+（B）Ce3+andTl3+（C）Ce3+andMn3+（D）Ce3+andMn4+（E）Tl3+andMn2+

24.Asampleof0.010moleofoxygengasisconfinedat127°Cand0.80atmosphere.Whatwouldbethepressureofthissampleat27°Candthesamevolume?

（A）0.10atm（B）0.20atm（C）0.60atm（D）0.80atm（E）1.1atm

25.

H2（g）+1/2O2（g）--->H2O（l）

∆H°=x

2Na（s）+1/2O2（g）--->Na2O（s）

∆H°=y

Na（s）+1/2O2（g）+1/2H2（g）--->NaOH（s）

∆H°=z

Basedontheinformationabove,whatisthestandardenthalpychangeforthefollowingreaction?

Na2O（s）+H2O（l）--->2NaOH（s）

（A）x+y+z（B）x+y–z（C）x+y-2z（D）2z-x–y（E）z-x-y

26.Whichofthefollowingactionswouldbelikelytochangetheboilingpointofasampleofapureliquidinanopencontainer?

I.Placingitinasmallercontainer

II.Increasingthenumberofmolesoftheliquidinthecontainer

III.Movingthecontainerandliquidtoahigheraltitude

（A）Ionly（B）IIonly（C）IIIonly（D）IIandIIIonly（E）I,II,andIII

27.Whichofthefollowingsetsofquantumnumbers（n,l,ml,ms）bestdescribesthevalenceelectronofhighestenergyinaground-stategalliumatom（atomicnumber31）?

（A）4,0,0,½（B）4,0,1,½（C）4,1,1,½（D）4,1,2,½（E）4,2,0,½

28.Giventhatasolutionis5percentsucrosebymass,whatadditionalinformationisnecessarytocalculatethemolarityofthesolution?

I.ThedensityofwaterII.ThedensityofthesolutionIII.Themolarmassofsucrose

（A）Ionly（B）IIonly（C）IIIonly（D）IandIII（E）IIandIII

29.WhenanaqueoussolutionofNaOHisaddedtoanaqueoussolutionofpotassiumdichromate,K2Cr2O7thedichromateionisconvertedto

（A）CrO42¯（B）CrO2（C）Cr3+（D）Cr2O3（s）（E）Cr（OH）3（s）

30.TheenergydiagramforthereactionX+Y--->Zisshownabove.Theadditionofacatalysttothisreactionwouldcauseachangeinwhichoftheindicatedenergydifferences?

（A）Ionly（B）IIonly（C）IIIonly（D）IandIIonly（E）I,II,andIII

31.H2C2O4+2H2O<===>2H3O++C2O42¯

Oxalicacid,H2C2O4,isadiproticacidwithK1=5x10¯2andK2=5x10¯5.Whichofthefollowingisequaltotheequilibriumconstantforthereactionrepresentedabove?

（A）5x10¯2（B）5x10¯5（C）2.5x10¯6（D）5x10¯7（E）2.5x10¯8

32.CH3CH2OHboilsat78°CandCH3OCH3boilsat-24°C,althoughbothcompoundshavethesamecomposition.Thisdifferenceinboilingpointsmaybeattributedtoadifferencein

（A）molecularmass（B）density（C）specificheat（D）hydrogenbonding（E）heatofcombustion

33.AhydrocarbongaswithanempiricalformulaCH2hasadensityof1.88gramsperliterat0°Cand1.00atmosphere.Apossibleformulaforthehydrocarbonis

（A）CH2（B）C2H4（C）C3H6（D）C4H8（E）C5H10

34.

X=CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Y=CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

Z=HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

Basedonconceptsofpolarityandhydrogenbonding,whichofthefollowingsequencescorrectlyliststhecompoundsaboveintheorderoftheirincreasingsolubilityinwater?

（A）Z

35.Forwhichofthefollowingprocesseswould∆Shaveanegativevalue?

I.2Fe2O3（s）--->4Fe（s）+3O2（g）

II.Mg2++2OH¯--->Mg（OH）2（s）

III.H2（g）+C2H4（g）--->3C2H6（g）

（A）Ionly（B）IandIIonly（C）IandIIIonly（D）IIandIIIonly（E）I,II,andIII

36.Zn（s）+Cu2+--->Zn2++Cu（s）

Anelectrolyticcellbasedonthereactionrepresentedabovewasconstructedfromzincandcopperhalf-cells.Theobservedvoltagewasfoundtobe1.00voltinsteadofthestandardcellpotential,E°,of1.10volts.Whichofthefollowingcouldcorrectlyaccountforthisobservation?

（A）Thecopperelectrodewaslargerthanthezincelectrode.

（B）TheZn2+electrolytewasZn（NO3）2,whiletheCu2+electrolytewasCuSO4.

（C）TheZn2+solutionwasmoreconcentratedthantheCu2+solution.

（D）Thesolutionsinthehalf-cellshaddifferentvolumes.

（E）ThesaltbridgecontainedKClastheelectrolyte.

37.Asampleof3.0gramsofanidealgasat121°Cand1.0atmospherepressurehasavolumeof1.0Iiters.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsiscorrectforthemolarmassofthegas?

Theidealgasconstant,R,is0.08（L-atm）/（moleK）.

（A）[（0.08）（400）]/[（3.0）（1.0）（1.5）]

（B）[（l.0）（l.5）]/[（3.0）（0.08）（400）]

（C）[（O.O8）（1.0）（1.5）]/[（3.0）（400）]

（D）[（3.0）（0.08）（400）]/[（1.0）（1.5）]

（E）[（3.0）（0.08）（1.5）]/（1.0）（400）]

38.Concentrationsofcoloredsubstancesarecommonlymeasuredbymeansofaspectrophotometer.Whichofthefollowingwouldensurethatcorrectvaluesareobtainedforthemeasuredabsorbance?

I.Theremustbeenoughsampleinthetubetocovertheentirelightpath.

II.Theinstrumentmustbeperiodicallyresetusingastandard.

III.Thesolutionmustbesaturated.

（A）Ionly（B）IIonly（C）IandIIonly（D）IIandIIIonly（E）I,II,andIII

39.SamplesofF2gasandXegasaremixedinacontaineroffixedvolume.TheinitialpartialpressureoftheF2gasis8.0atmospheresandthatoftheXegasis1.7atmospheres.WhenalloftheXegasreacted,formingasolidcompound,thepressureoftheunreactedF2gaswas4.6atmospheres.Thetemperatureremainedconstant.Whatistheformulaofthecompound?

（A）XeF（B）XeF3（C）XeF4（D）XeF6（E）XeF8

40.Thesystemshownaboveisatequilibriumat28°C.Atthistemperature,thevaporpressureofwateris28millimetersofmercury.ThepartialpressureofO2（g）inthesystemis

（A）28mmHg（B）56mmHg（C）133mmHg（D）161mmHg（E）189mmHg

41.