高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题10.docx

高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题10.docx

《高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题10.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题10.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题10

2014高考英语阅读理解精英定时训练题（10）及答案

【甘肃省天水一中2013模试】B

Eversincenewsofwidespreadfoodrecallscausedbyacarcinogenicdyebroke,therehasbeenconfusionoverpossiblelinkstothecountryofthesamename,butSudanofficialssaythereisnoconnectionwhatever．

Sudan1isaredindustrialdye（颜料）thathasbeenfoundinsomechillipowder,butwasbannedinfoodproductsacrosstheEuropeanUnion（EU）inJuly2003．

Sincethebanwasputinplace,EUofficialshavebeentryingtoremovesomefoodproductsfromtheshelves．Sofar580productshavebeenrecalled．

LastweekSudan’sEmbassyintheUnitedKingdomaskedtheFoodStandardsAgency（FSA）forclarificationoftheoriginofthedye’sname．

OmaimaMahmoudAlSharief,apressofficialatSudan’sEmbassyinChina,explainedthepurposeoftheinquirywastoclearupanymisunderstandingoverlinksbetweenthecountryandthepoisonousdye．

　　"Wewanttokeepaneyeoneverydetailandavoidanymisunderstandingthere,"shesaid．"OurembassytoBritainaskedthemhowthedyegotthatnameandwhetherthedyehadsomethingtodowithourcountry．Buttheytoldustherewasnorelationship．"

TheFSA,anindependentfoodsecuritywatchdoginBritain,receivedaletterfromtheSudaneseembassylastweek．

　"TheyaskeduswhythedyeisnamedSudan,however,wealsodonotknowhowitgotthename,"shesaid．"Peoplefoundthedyein1883andgaveitthename．Nobodyknowsthereason,andwecannotgiveanyexplanationbeforewefindout．"

Sudandyes,whichincludeSudan1to4,arereddyesusedforcolouringoils,waxes,petrol,andshoeandfloorpolishes．TheyareclassifiedascarcinogensbytheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer．

39．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“carcinogenic”meaninparagraphone?

A．Causingcancer．B．Havingsideeffect．

C．Containingpoison．D．Poisonous．

40．HowdidtheSudan1getitsname?

A．ThedyeisoftenproducedinSudan．

B．ThedyehassomethingtodowiththecountrynamedSudan．

C．Nobodyissureoftheoriginofthename．

D．ManyfoodsproducedinSudancontainthedye．

41．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat．

A．theSudangovernmentispayingmuchattentiontothefoodsafety

B．Sudan1isoftenusedtobeaddedtothefood

C．peopledidn’trealizethedangerofSudan1until2003

D．manyfoodshopswillbecloseddown

42．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?

A．KeepawayfromSudan1B．NoSudan1dyelinkstothecountry

C．HowSudan1dyegotitsname?

D．Payattentiontothefoodsafety

【参考答案】39-42ACCB

阅读理解

Foryears,therehasbeenabias（偏见）againstscienceamongclinicalpsychologists.Inatwo-yearanalysistobepublishedinNovemberinPerspectivesonPsychologicalScience,psychologistsledbyTimothyB.BakeroftheUniversityofWisconsinchargethatmanyclinicalpsychologistsfailto“providethetreatmentsforwhichthereisthestrongestevidenceofeffectiveness”and“givemoreweighttotheirpersonalexperiencesthantoscience.”Asaresult,patientshavenoguaranteethattheir“treatmentwillbeinformedby…science.”WalterMischelofColumbiaUniversityisevencruelerinhisjudgment.“Thedisconnectbetweenwhatclinicalpsychologistsdoandwhatsciencehasdiscoveredisanextremeembarrassment,”hetoldme,and“thereisawideninggapbetweenclinicalpracticeandscience.”

The“widening”reflectsthegreatprogressthatpsychologicalresearchhasmadeinidentifyingthemosteffectivetreatments.Thankstostrictclinicaltrials,wenowknowthatteachingpatientstothinkabouttheirthoughtsinnew,healthierwaysandtoactonthosenewwaysofthinkingareeffectiveagainstdepression,panicdisorderandotherproblems,withmultipletrialsshowingthatthesetreatments—thetoolsofpsychology—bringmorelastingbenefitsthandrugs.

Youwouldn’tknowthisifyousoughthelpfromatypicalclinicalpsychologist.Althoughmanytreatmentsareeffective,relativelyfewpsychologistslearnorpracticethem.

Whyintheworldnot?

Foronething,saysBaker,clinicalpsychologistsare“verydoubtfulabouttheroleofscience”and“lacksolidsciencetraining”.Also,onethirdofpatientsgetbetternomatterwhattreatment（ifany）theyhave,“andpsychologistsrememberthesesuccesses,believing,wrongly,thattheyaretheresultofthetreatment.”

Whenfacedwithevidencethattreatmentstheyofferarenotsupportedbyscience,clinicalpsychologistsarguethattheyknowbetterthansomestudythatworks.A2008studyof591psychologistsinprivatepracticefoundthattheyrelymoreontheirownandcolleagues’experiencethanonsciencewhendecidinghowtotreatapatient.Iftheykeeponthispathasinsurancecompaniesdemandevidence-basedmedicine,warnsMischel,psychologywill“discredititself.”

16.Manyclinicalpsychologistsfailtoprovidethemosteffectivetreatmentsbecause_____.

A.theyareunfamiliarwiththeirpatientsB.theybelieveinscienceandevidence

C.theydependontheircolleagues’helpD.theyrelyontheirpersonalexperiences

17.Thewideninggapbetweenclinicalpracticeandscienceisdueto_____.

A.thecrueljudgmentbyWalterMischel

B.thefactthatmostpatientsgetbetterafterbeingtreated

C.thegreatprogressthathasbeenmadeinpsychologicalresearch

D.thefactthatpatientsprefertotakedrugsratherthanhaveothertreatments

18.Howdoclinicalpsychologistsrespondwhenchargedthattheirtreatmentsarenotsupportedbyscience?

A.Theyfeelembarrassed.B.Theytrytodefendthemselves.

C.Theyaredisappointed.D.Theydoubttheirtreatments.

19.InMischel’sopinion,psychologywill______.

A.destroyitsownreputationifnoimprovementismade

B.developfasterwiththesupportofinsurancecompanies

C.worktogetherwithinsurancecompaniestoprovidebettertreatment

D.becomemorereliableifinsurancecompanieswon’tdemandevidence-basedmedicine

20.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A.Toshowthewriter’sdisapprovalofclinicalpsychologists.

B.Toinformthereadersoftherisksofpsychologicaltreatments.

C.Toexplaintheeffectivenessoftreatmentsbyclinicalpsychologists.

D.Tointroducethelatestprogressofmedicaltreatmentinclinicalpsychology.

参考答案16—20DCBAA

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Howoftendoyoutravelbyplane?

Howmuchelectricitydoyouuse?

Thesedayseveryoneisworriedaboutthesizeoftheircarbonfootprint.Inordertoreduceglobalwarmingweneedtomakeourcarbonfootprintssmaller.ButhowmuchCO2areweresponsiblefor?

AnewbookbyMikeBernersLee（aleadingexpertincarbonfootprint）mightbeabletohelp.HowBadareBananas?

TheCarbonFootprintofEverythinglooksatthedifferentthingswedoandbuy,andcalculatestheamountofCO2allofthefollowingcreated:

theingredients,theelectricityusedinthebrewery,theequipment,thetravelandcommutingofthebeer,andthepackaging.It’samazinghowmanydifferentthingsneedtobeincludedineachcalculation.Andit’sfrighteninghowmuchcarbondioxideeverythingproduces.

Butallofthiscanhelpusdecidewhichbeertodrink.FromBerners-Lee’scalculations,it’sclearthatapint（568ml）oflocally-brewedbeerhasasmallercarbonfootprintthanabottleofimportedbeer.Thisisbecausetheimportedbeerhasbeentransportedfromfaraway,anditusesmorepackaging.Thelocalbeeronlyproduces300gofCO2,buttheimportedbeerproduces900g!

So,onepintoflocalbeerisbetterfortheenvironmentthanthreecansofcheapforeignlagerfromthesupermarket.

Berners-Leehasevencalculatedthecarbonfootprintofcyclingtowork.Nothingismoreenvironmentally-friendlythanridingabike,surely?

Well,itdependsonwhatyou’vehadtoeatbefore.Torideabikeweneedenergyandforenergyweneedfood.Soifweeatabananaandthenrideakilometerandahalf,ourfootprintis65gofCO2.However,ifweeatbaconbeforethebikeride,it’s200g.Infact,bananasaregoodingeneralbecausetheydon’tneedpackaging,theycanbetransportedbyboatandtheygrowinnaturalsunlight.

So,doesthismeanthatcyclingisbadfortheenvironment?

Absolutelynot,forastart,ifyoucycle,youdon’tuseyourcar,andthefewercarsontheroad,thefewertrafficjams.AndcarsintrafficjamsproducethreetimesmoreCO2thancarstravelingatspeed.Cyclingalsomakesyouhealthyandlesslikelytogotoahospital.Andhospitalshaveverybigcarbonfootprints!

Somaybeit’stimeforusalltostartmakingsomechanges.Passmeabananaandapintoflocalbeer,please.

1.AccordingtoBerners-Lee,whichofthefollowingproducesthemostcarbondioxide？

A.Apintofimportedbeerwedrink.B.Apintoflocalbeerwedrink.

C.Thebaconweeatbeforeabikeride.D.Abananaweeatbeforeabikeride.

2.Whyarebananasgoodingeneral?

A.Theydon’tneedpackaging.B.Theyprovideenergyforcycling.

C.TheyproduceslessCO2.D.Theygrownaturally.

3.Theunderlinedword“brewery”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“___________”

A.oneofthethingsfromwhichbeerismadeB.amachinewhichmakesbeer

C.acontainerwherebeerisstoredD.afactorywherebeerismade

4.Tomakeourcarbonfootprintssmaller,weshouldoften___________.

A.calculatetheamountofCO2B.cycletowork

C.drinkmorelocalbeerD.buycheapthingsfromthesupermarkets

5.What’sthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.TheCarbonFootprintofEverythingB.StartingtoMakeChanges

C.Bikes,BeerandBananasD.HowBigIsYourCarbonFootprint?

参考答案1-5:

ACDBD

【甘肃省天水一中2013模试】C

Anewly-publishedstudyhasshownthatlonelinesscanspreadfromonepersontoanother,likeadisease.ResearchersusedinformationfromtheFraminghamStudy,whichbeganin1948.TheFraminghamStudygathersinform