英语资料整理.docx
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英语资料整理
英语中常用介词英英解释
整理:
George
in
preposition,adverb,adjective,noun
preposition
HelpNote:
Forthespecialusesofininphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexampledealinsthisinthephrasalverbsectionatdeal.
atapointwithinanareaoraspace:
acountryinAfrica◆Thekidswereplayinginthestreet.◆It'sinthatdrawer.◆Ireadaboutitinthepaper.
withintheshapeofsth;surroundedbysth:
Shewaslyinginbed.◆sittinginanarmchair◆Leavethekeyinthelock.◆Soakitincoldwater.
intosth:
Hedippedhisbrushinthepaint.◆Shegotinhercaranddroveoff.
formingthewholeorpartofsth/sb;containedwithinsth/sb:
Thereare31daysinMay.◆allthepaintingsinthecollection◆Irecognizehisfatherinhim(=hischaracterissimilartohisfather's).
duringaperiodoftime:
in2005◆inthe18thcentury◆inspring/summer/autumn/winter◆inthefall◆inMarch◆inthemorning/afternoon/evening◆I'mgettingforgetfulinmyoldage.
afteraparticularlengthoftime:
toreturninafewminutes/hours/days/months.◆Itwillbereadyinaweek'stime(=oneweekfromnow).◆Shelearnttodriveinthreeweeks(=afterthreeweeksshecoulddrive).
(usedinnegativesentencesorafterfirst,last,etc.)foraparticularperiodoftime:
Ihaven'tseenhiminyears.◆It'sthefirstletterI'vehadintendays.
wearingsth:
dressedintheirbestclothes◆themaninthehat◆tobeinuniform/disguise◆Shewasallinblack.
usedtodescribephysicalsurroundings:
Wewentoutintherain.◆Hewassittingaloneinthedarkness.
usedtoshowastateorcondition:
I'minlove!
◆Thehouseisingoodrepair.◆Imustputmyaffairsinorder.◆amaninhisthirties◆Thedaffodilswereinfullbloom.
involvedinsth;takingpartinsth:
toactinaplay
usedtoshowsb'sjoborprofession:
Heisinthearmy.◆She'sincomputers.◆inbusiness/politics
usedtoshowtheform,shape,arrangementorquantityofsth:
anovelinthreeparts◆Rollitupinaball.◆Theysatinrows.◆Peopleflockedintheirthousandstoseeher.
usedtoshowthelanguage,material,etc.used:
SayitinEnglish.◆Shewroteinpencil.◆Putitinwriting.◆Ipaidincash.◆Hespokeinaloudvoice.
concerningsth:
Shewasnotlackingincourage.◆acountryrichinminerals◆threemetresinlength
whiledoingsth;whilesthishappening:
Inattemptingtosavethechildfromdrowning,shenearlylostherownlife.◆InallthecommotionIforgottotellhimthenews.
usedtointroducethenameofapersonwhohasaparticularquality:
We'relosingafirst-rateeditorinKathy.
usedtoshowarateorrelativeamount:
agradientofoneinfive◆ataxrateof22penceinthepound
Idioms:
inthat(written)forthereasonthat;because:
Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher.
adverb
HelpNote:
Forthespecialusesofininphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexamplefillin(forsb)isinthephrasalverbsectionatfill.
containedwithinanobject,anareaorasubstance:
Wewerelockedin.◆Ican'tdrinkcoffeewithmilkin.
intoanobject,anareaorasubstance:
Sheopenedthedoorandwentin.◆Thekidswereplayingbytheriverandoneofthemfellin.
(ofpeople)athomeorataplaceofwork:
Nobodywasinwhenwecalled.
Antonym:
OUT
(oftrains,buses,etc.)attheplacewherepeoplecangetonoroff,forexamplethestation:
Thebusisduein(=itshouldarrive)atsix.
(ofletters,etc.)received:
ApplicationsmustbeinbyApril30.
(oftheTIDE)atortowardsitshighestpointonland:
Isthetidecominginorgoingout?
elected:
SeveralnewLabourcouncillorsgotinatthelastelection.
(incricket,baseball,etc.)ifateamorteammemberisin,theyareBATTING:
Englandwereinfirst.
(intennis,etc.)iftheballisin,ithaslandedinsidetheline:
Herservewasjustin.
Idioms:
beinatsthtobepresentwhensthhappens:
Theywereinatthestart.
beinforsth(informal)tobegoingtoexperiencesthsoon,especiallysthunpleasant:
He'sinforashock!
◆I'mafraidwe'reinforastorm.
be/getinonsth(informal)tobe/becomeinvolvedinsth;toshareorknowaboutsth:
I'dliketobeinontheplan.◆Issheinonthesecret?
be(well)inwithsb(informal)tobe(very)friendlywithsb,andlikelytogetanadvantagefromthefriendship
inandout(ofsth)goingregularlytoaplace:
Hewasinandoutofjailformostofhislife.
adjective[usuallybeforenoun](informal)popularandfashionable:
Purpleistheincolourthisspring.◆Exoticpetsaretheinthingrightnow.◆Shortskirtsareinagain.
Seealso
IN-JOKE
noun
Idioms:
theinsandouts(ofsth)allthedetails,especiallythecomplicatedordifficultones:
theinsandoutsoftheproblem◆Hequicklylearnedtheinsandoutsofthejob.
-in
combiningform
(innouns)anactivityinwhichmanypeopletakepart:
asit-in◆ateach-in
in-
prefix
(alsoil-)(inadjectives,adverbsandnouns)not;theoppositeof:
infinite◆illogical◆immorally◆irrelevance
(alsoim-)(inverbs)toputintotheconditionmentioned:
inflame◆imperil
in.
abbreviation
(pluralin.orins.)INCH:
Height:
6ft2in.
on
preposition,adverb
preposition
HelpNote:
Forthespecialusesofoninphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexampleturnonsbisinthephrasalverbsectionatturn.
inorintoapositioncovering,touchingorformingpartofasurface:
apictureonawall◆There'samarkonyourskirt.◆thediagramonpage5◆Putitdownonthetable.◆Hehadbeenhitonthehead.◆Sheclimbedontothebed.
HelpNote:
Thiscouldalsobewritten:
ontothebed
supportedbysb/sth:
Shewasstandingononefoot.◆Trylyingonyourback.◆Hangyourcoatonthathook.
usedtoshowameansoftransport:
HewasontheplanefromNewYork.◆totravelonthebus/tube/coach◆Icameonmybike.◆awomanonhorseback
usedtoshowadayordate:
HecameonSunday.◆WemeetonTuesdays.◆onMaythefirst/thefirstofMay◆ontheeveningofMaythefirst◆ononeoccasion◆onyourbirthday
immediatelyaftersth:
OnarrivinghomeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.◆Pleasereporttoreceptiononarrival.◆Therewasaletterwaitingforhimonhisreturn.
aboutsth/sb:
abookonSouthAfrica◆Shetestedusonirregularverbs.
beingcarriedbysb;inthepossessionofsb:
Haveyougotanymoneyonyou?
usedtoshowthatsbbelongstoagrouporanorganization:
tobeonthecommittee/staff/jury/panel◆Whosesideareyouon(=whichoftwoormoredifferentviewsdoyousupport)?
eatingordrinkingsth;usingadrugoramedicineregularly:
Helivedonadietofjunkfood.◆Thedoctorputmeonantibiotics.
usedtoshowdirection:
ontheleft/right◆Heturnedhisbackonus.
atornearaplace:
atownonthecoast◆ahouseontheThames◆Welivedonanestate.
usedtoshowthebasisorreasonforsth:
astorybasedonfact◆OntheiradviceIappliedforthejob.
supportedfinanciallybysth:
toliveonapension/astudentgrant◆tobeonalowwage◆Youcan'tfeedafamilyon£40aweek.◆Drinksareonme(=Iampaying).
bymeansofsth;usingsth:
Sheplayedatuneonherguitar.◆TheinformationisavailableontheInternet.◆Wespokeonthephone.◆What'sonTV?
◆Theprogramme'sonChannel4.
usedwithsomenounsoradjectivestosaywhoorwhatisaffectedbysth:
abanonsmoking◆He'shardonhiskids.◆Goeasyonthemayo!
(=donotgivemetoomuch)
comparedwithsb/sth:
Salesareuponlastyear.
usedtodescribeanactivityorastate:
tobeonbusiness/holiday/vacation◆Thebookiscurrentlyonloan.
usedwhengivingatelephonenumber:
Youcangetmeon01815303906.◆She'sonextension2401.
adverb
HelpNote:
Forthespecialusesofoninphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexamplegetonisinthephrasalverbsectionatget.
usedtoshowthatsthcontinues:
Heworkedonwithoutabreak.◆Ifyoulikeagoodstory,readon.
usedtoshowthatsb/sthmovesorissentforward:
Shestoppedforamoment,thenwalkedon.◆Keepstraightonforthebeach.◆Fromthenonhenevertrustedheragain.◆Pleasesendtheletterontomynewaddress.
HelpNote:
Thiscannotbewritten:
ontomynewaddress
onsb'sbody;beingworn:
Putyourcoaton.◆Ididn'thavemyglasseson.◆Whatdidshehaveon(=whatwasshewearing)?
covering,touchingorformingpartofsth:
Makesurethelidison.
connectedoroperating;beingused:
Thelightswereallon.◆TheTVisalwaysonintheirhouse.◆Wewerewithoutelectricityforthreehoursbutit'sonagainnow.
happening:
Therewasawaronatthetime.◆What'sonatthemovies?
◆Thebandareon(=performing)intenminutes.
plannedtotakeplaceinthefuture:
Thegameisstillon(=ithasnotbeencancelled).◆Idon'tthinkwe'vegotanythingonthisweekend.◆I'msorrywecan'tcome-we'vegotaloton.
onduty;working:
I'monnowtill8tomorrowmorning.
inorintoavehicle:
Thebusstoppedandfourpeoplegoton.◆Theyhurriedontotheplane.
Seealso
ONTO
Idioms:
beonaboutsth(informal)totalkaboutsth;tomeansth:
Ididn'tknowwhathewasonabout.Itdidn'tmakesense.
be/go/keeponaboutsth(informal,disapproving)totalkinaboringorcomplainingwayaboutsth:
Stopkeepingonaboutit!
be/go/keeponatsb(todosth)(informal,disapproving)tokeepaskingortellingsbsthsothattheybecomeannoyedortired:
Hewasonatmeagaintolendhimmoney.
itisn'ton(informal)usedtosaythatsthisnotacceptable
onandonwithoutstopping;continuously:
Sh