英语资料整理.docx

英语资料整理.docx

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英语资料整理

英语中常用介词英英解释

整理：

George

in 

preposition,adverb,adjective,noun

preposition

HelpNote:

Forthespecialusesofininphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexampledealinsthisinthephrasalverbsectionatdeal.

atapointwithinanareaoraspace:

acountryinAfrica◆Thekidswereplayinginthestreet.◆It'sinthatdrawer.◆Ireadaboutitinthepaper.

withintheshapeofsth;surroundedbysth:

Shewaslyinginbed.◆sittinginanarmchair◆Leavethekeyinthelock.◆Soakitincoldwater.

intosth:

Hedippedhisbrushinthepaint.◆Shegotinhercaranddroveoff.

formingthewholeorpartofsth/sb;containedwithinsth/sb:

Thereare31daysinMay.◆allthepaintingsinthecollection◆Irecognizehisfatherinhim（=hischaracterissimilartohisfather's）.

duringaperiodoftime:

in2005◆inthe18thcentury◆inspring/summer/autumn/winter◆inthefall◆inMarch◆inthemorning/afternoon/evening◆I'mgettingforgetfulinmyoldage.

afteraparticularlengthoftime:

toreturninafewminutes/hours/days/months.◆Itwillbereadyinaweek'stime（=oneweekfromnow）.◆Shelearnttodriveinthreeweeks（=afterthreeweeksshecoulddrive）.

（usedinnegativesentencesorafterfirst,last,etc.）foraparticularperiodoftime:

Ihaven'tseenhiminyears.◆It'sthefirstletterI'vehadintendays.

wearingsth:

dressedintheirbestclothes◆themaninthehat◆tobeinuniform/disguise◆Shewasallinblack.

usedtodescribephysicalsurroundings:

Wewentoutintherain.◆Hewassittingaloneinthedarkness.

usedtoshowastateorcondition:

I'minlove!

◆Thehouseisingoodrepair.◆Imustputmyaffairsinorder.◆amaninhisthirties◆Thedaffodilswereinfullbloom.

involvedinsth;takingpartinsth:

toactinaplay

usedtoshowsb'sjoborprofession:

Heisinthearmy.◆She'sincomputers.◆inbusiness/politics

usedtoshowtheform,shape,arrangementorquantityofsth:

anovelinthreeparts◆Rollitupinaball.◆Theysatinrows.◆Peopleflockedintheirthousandstoseeher.

usedtoshowthelanguage,material,etc.used:

SayitinEnglish.◆Shewroteinpencil.◆Putitinwriting.◆Ipaidincash.◆Hespokeinaloudvoice.

concerningsth:

Shewasnotlackingincourage.◆acountryrichinminerals◆threemetresinlength

whiledoingsth;whilesthishappening:

Inattemptingtosavethechildfromdrowning,shenearlylostherownlife.◆InallthecommotionIforgottotellhimthenews.

usedtointroducethenameofapersonwhohasaparticularquality:

We'relosingafirst-rateeditorinKathy.

usedtoshowarateorrelativeamount:

agradientofoneinfive◆ataxrateof22penceinthepound

Idioms:

inthat（written）forthereasonthat;because:

Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher.

adverb

HelpNote:

Forthespecialusesofininphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexamplefillin（forsb）isinthephrasalverbsectionatfill.

containedwithinanobject,anareaorasubstance:

Wewerelockedin.◆Ican'tdrinkcoffeewithmilkin.

intoanobject,anareaorasubstance:

Sheopenedthedoorandwentin.◆Thekidswereplayingbytheriverandoneofthemfellin.

（ofpeople）athomeorataplaceofwork:

Nobodywasinwhenwecalled.

Antonym:

OUT

（oftrains,buses,etc.）attheplacewherepeoplecangetonoroff,forexamplethestation:

Thebusisduein（=itshouldarrive）atsix.

（ofletters,etc.）received:

ApplicationsmustbeinbyApril30.

（oftheTIDE）atortowardsitshighestpointonland:

Isthetidecominginorgoingout?

elected:

SeveralnewLabourcouncillorsgotinatthelastelection.

（incricket,baseball,etc.）ifateamorteammemberisin,theyareBATTING:

Englandwereinfirst.

（intennis,etc.）iftheballisin,ithaslandedinsidetheline:

Herservewasjustin.

Idioms:

beinatsthtobepresentwhensthhappens:

Theywereinatthestart.

beinforsth（informal）tobegoingtoexperiencesthsoon,especiallysthunpleasant:

He'sinforashock!

◆I'mafraidwe'reinforastorm.

be/getinonsth（informal）tobe/becomeinvolvedinsth;toshareorknowaboutsth:

I'dliketobeinontheplan.◆Issheinonthesecret?

be（well）inwithsb（informal）tobe（very）friendlywithsb,andlikelytogetanadvantagefromthefriendship

inandout（ofsth）goingregularlytoaplace:

Hewasinandoutofjailformostofhislife.

adjective[usuallybeforenoun]（informal）popularandfashionable:

Purpleistheincolourthisspring.◆Exoticpetsaretheinthingrightnow.◆Shortskirtsareinagain.

Seealso

IN-JOKE

noun

Idioms:

theinsandouts（ofsth）allthedetails,especiallythecomplicatedordifficultones:

theinsandoutsoftheproblem◆Hequicklylearnedtheinsandoutsofthejob.

-in 

combiningform

（innouns）anactivityinwhichmanypeopletakepart:

asit-in◆ateach-in

in- 

prefix

（alsoil-）（inadjectives,adverbsandnouns）not;theoppositeof:

infinite◆illogical◆immorally◆irrelevance

（alsoim-）（inverbs）toputintotheconditionmentioned:

inflame◆imperil

in. 

abbreviation

（pluralin.orins.）INCH:

Height:

6ft2in.

on 

preposition,adverb

preposition

HelpNote:

Forthespecialusesofoninphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexampleturnonsbisinthephrasalverbsectionatturn.

inorintoapositioncovering,touchingorformingpartofasurface:

apictureonawall◆There'samarkonyourskirt.◆thediagramonpage5◆Putitdownonthetable.◆Hehadbeenhitonthehead.◆Sheclimbedontothebed.

HelpNote:

Thiscouldalsobewritten:

ontothebed

supportedbysb/sth:

Shewasstandingononefoot.◆Trylyingonyourback.◆Hangyourcoatonthathook.

usedtoshowameansoftransport:

HewasontheplanefromNewYork.◆totravelonthebus/tube/coach◆Icameonmybike.◆awomanonhorseback

usedtoshowadayordate:

HecameonSunday.◆WemeetonTuesdays.◆onMaythefirst/thefirstofMay◆ontheeveningofMaythefirst◆ononeoccasion◆onyourbirthday

immediatelyaftersth:

OnarrivinghomeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.◆Pleasereporttoreceptiononarrival.◆Therewasaletterwaitingforhimonhisreturn.

aboutsth/sb:

abookonSouthAfrica◆Shetestedusonirregularverbs.

beingcarriedbysb;inthepossessionofsb:

Haveyougotanymoneyonyou?

usedtoshowthatsbbelongstoagrouporanorganization:

tobeonthecommittee/staff/jury/panel◆Whosesideareyouon（=whichoftwoormoredifferentviewsdoyousupport）?

eatingordrinkingsth;usingadrugoramedicineregularly:

Helivedonadietofjunkfood.◆Thedoctorputmeonantibiotics.

usedtoshowdirection:

ontheleft/right◆Heturnedhisbackonus.

atornearaplace:

atownonthecoast◆ahouseontheThames◆Welivedonanestate.

usedtoshowthebasisorreasonforsth:

astorybasedonfact◆OntheiradviceIappliedforthejob.

supportedfinanciallybysth:

toliveonapension/astudentgrant◆tobeonalowwage◆Youcan'tfeedafamilyon£40aweek.◆Drinksareonme（=Iampaying）.

bymeansofsth;usingsth:

Sheplayedatuneonherguitar.◆TheinformationisavailableontheInternet.◆Wespokeonthephone.◆What'sonTV?

◆Theprogramme'sonChannel4.

usedwithsomenounsoradjectivestosaywhoorwhatisaffectedbysth:

abanonsmoking◆He'shardonhiskids.◆Goeasyonthemayo!

（=donotgivemetoomuch）

comparedwithsb/sth:

Salesareuponlastyear.

usedtodescribeanactivityorastate:

tobeonbusiness/holiday/vacation◆Thebookiscurrentlyonloan.

usedwhengivingatelephonenumber:

Youcangetmeon01815303906.◆She'sonextension2401.

adverb

HelpNote:

Forthespecialusesofoninphrasalverbs,lookattheentriesfortheverbs.Forexamplegetonisinthephrasalverbsectionatget.

usedtoshowthatsthcontinues:

Heworkedonwithoutabreak.◆Ifyoulikeagoodstory,readon.

usedtoshowthatsb/sthmovesorissentforward:

Shestoppedforamoment,thenwalkedon.◆Keepstraightonforthebeach.◆Fromthenonhenevertrustedheragain.◆Pleasesendtheletterontomynewaddress.

HelpNote:

Thiscannotbewritten:

ontomynewaddress

onsb'sbody;beingworn:

Putyourcoaton.◆Ididn'thavemyglasseson.◆Whatdidshehaveon（=whatwasshewearing）?

covering,touchingorformingpartofsth:

Makesurethelidison.

connectedoroperating;beingused:

Thelightswereallon.◆TheTVisalwaysonintheirhouse.◆Wewerewithoutelectricityforthreehoursbutit'sonagainnow.

happening:

Therewasawaronatthetime.◆What'sonatthemovies?

◆Thebandareon（=performing）intenminutes.

plannedtotakeplaceinthefuture:

Thegameisstillon（=ithasnotbeencancelled）.◆Idon'tthinkwe'vegotanythingonthisweekend.◆I'msorrywecan'tcome-we'vegotaloton.

onduty;working:

I'monnowtill8tomorrowmorning.

inorintoavehicle:

Thebusstoppedandfourpeoplegoton.◆Theyhurriedontotheplane.

Seealso

ONTO

Idioms:

beonaboutsth（informal）totalkaboutsth;tomeansth:

Ididn'tknowwhathewasonabout.Itdidn'tmakesense.

be/go/keeponaboutsth（informal,disapproving）totalkinaboringorcomplainingwayaboutsth:

Stopkeepingonaboutit!

be/go/keeponatsb（todosth）（informal,disapproving）tokeepaskingortellingsbsthsothattheybecomeannoyedortired:

Hewasonatmeagaintolendhimmoney.

itisn'ton（informal）usedtosaythatsthisnotacceptable

onandonwithoutstopping;continuously:

Sh