英文学术论文常用高级词汇和精美句型.docx
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英文学术论文常用高级词汇和精美句型
英文学术论文常用高级词汇和精美句型
1.与时间相关的
①nochangeon1-dayintervalsfor3consecutivedays
②atgivenintervalsoftime(30,50,and90min)
③foragivenexposuretime
④…increasedwithage.
⑤fordifferenttimespan.
⑥Afterthescheduledtime,eachsamplewastested.
⑦…throughouttheentiretestperiod.
⑧Itwilldecreaseastimepasses.
2.表示增加或下降的
①AnincreaseintheFAcontentdecreasedthe…
②…decreasewithincreasein…
③…deceasesas…increases,andincreasesas…increase.
④As…islowered.
⑤augment
⑥ThecumulativeAEenergyincreaseswithastepwisepatterninwhicheachsuddenjumpofenergycanberelatedto…
⑦…developatanincreasingratewithtime
3.表示原因,由哪些因素决定
①probablydueto…
②Apossiblemechanismcontributingtothereductionof…is
③Thismightbeattributedto…
④…dependsonthetwomainmechanisms
⑤…isacommoncauseof
⑥…istheessentialparametergoverningthe…
⑦…,contributinginparttotheinterfaceseparationphenomenon,besidestheabove-describedpossibleinterfacialmaterialtougheningmechanism.
⑧thecauseofthisresidesin…
⑨TwoparametersareconsideredinthisstudytoevaluatethestrengtheningeffectivenesswithregardtotheamountofFRP(i.e.,thenumberoflayersofsheets)andconstructionimperfections.
4.表示展示。
①exhibit
②illustrate
③present
④reflect
⑤depict
⑥…isplotin…
⑦describe
⑧
5.表示某种掺量。
①highvolumeflyash
②containhighpercentagesofflyashasareplacementofcement(0,15,30byweightoftotalcementitiousmaterials)③forconcreteincorporating30%and40%flyash.
④…increasetheamountofflyashinconcrete
⑤aspartialcementreplacementmaterials
⑥withpartialflyashsubstitutionareincestigated.
⑦thedosageofflyash
⑧withacertainamountofflyashadded
6.性能的词汇
①mechanicalproperty
②transportproperty
③workability
④flexibility
⑤sustainability
⑥serviceability
7.表示测试
①examine
②
8.表示超过
①exceed
9.有关图片或表格的
①AsseenfromTable2,
②Theresultof…arepresentedinTable4.
③Awasplottedagainstsquarerootoftime(t0.5inmin0.5)
④…wasmonitoredwiththeSC3000whichwaspositioned,asseeninFig.2a.
⑤Sketchoftheexperimentalsetup
⑥△TisplottedasabsolutevalueagainsttheimpactenergyinFig.9
⑦Fig.5(c)and(d)showstheloadversusstrainandmidspandeflectionversusstraincurvesoftheconcrete.
10.至于,对于…而言
①Asfor
②Inthecaseof…
11.表示比较,对比
①Themixturecontaining10%FAreplacementshowedhigherstrengththanmixturescontaining40%and70%FAreplacement.
②Ascomparedto…
③A…ishigherthanwhenitsubstitutes…
④incontrastto…
⑤Existingdamagesmayleadtocatastrophicfailuresatloadingstagesearlierthanthosecorrespondingtointactspecimens.
⑥…iscomparabletoorgreaterthanthesevaluesaretheoreticallydetectable.
⑦Thetestresultswerecomparedwiththeaxialstress-strainbehaviorofwatersaturatedspecimentothatofdryspecimens.
⑧atremendousamountofAEactivities,muchgreaterthanthatofCB,wasrecordedbecause…
12.表示效果更明显
①Theeffectwasmorepronouncedwithincreased…
②dominant
③havedeterminantimpacton…
13.表示结构或材料致密
①matrixdensification
②porestructuredensification
③theporesystembecomesfinerandlessconnected
14.影响
①IncreasesinFAcontentsshowednosignificanteffecton…
②…seemedtobeinsensitiveto…
③becomedecisiveforthedurabilityoftheconcrete
④Thedurabilityofconcretestructureshassubstantialeconomic,social,andenvironmentalimplications.⑤Deicersmayalsoposedetrimentaleffectson
15.因此
①Consequently,
②Asaresult,
16.表示评价,评估
①quantify
②evaluate
③assess
④interpret
17.学科术语
(阻抗谱)
①impedanceresponse
②EISspetra
③electrodearcsinaNyquistplot(plotofrealvs.imaginaryimpedance)
④Rct1extractedfromthemodelcapturesthechangesinmicrostructurewithtime.
(孔特征)
①porestructuredistribution
②totalporosity
③porestructure
④porenetwork
⑤porewalls
⑥tortuouspathways
(掺合料)
①flyash
②slag
③silicafume
④supplementarycementingmaterials
⑤mineraladditives
⑥low-andhigh-calciumflyash
(测试方法)
①SEM:
Scanningelectronmicrograph
②pigmentation
③X-raydiffractionanalysis
④microscopyobservation\
⑤ultrasonicspeedmeasurement
⑥acousticemissiontechnique
⑦acceleratedageingtest
(土建工程)
①civilinfrastructures
②wideuseinCivilEngineering
③historicalheritage
④masonrystructures
⑤concretestructures,pavements,andbridgedecks
(测试仪器)
①vibratedfor30seconavibrationtable
②testingmachinewithmaximumloadcapacityof50kN.
③thehammerishemispherical24mmindiameter
(测试试剂)
①couplingagentbetweenthesensorandtheconcretesurface
(操作工艺)
①Themoldswerestrippedafter24hours
②Eachmeasurewasperformedonfivesamplesandtheresultsaveraged.
③AggregateswerecarefullysievedandremixedtoconformtotheASTMC33gradingstandard.④referencespecimens
⑤Specimenswerecylindricalwithadiameterof55mmandalengthof115mm
⑥Oneofthebeamswastestedinitsvirginconditiontoserveasreference.
⑦theCFRPwasintentionallybondedwithoutadhesiveinthecentermost10%and20%areaofthebondingareaoftheCFRPsheets.
⑧FourAEsensorsofModelSE900-MWB,producedbythefirmDECI,havingafrequencyrangeof100-900kHzweremountedonthespecimensurfaceusingatape.
⑨Artificialdefecttype1wascubic-like(3.8cm-by-3.8cm-by-2.5cm),andartificialdefecttype2wasdelamination-like(7.6cm-by-7.6cm-by-0.5cm).
(环境类别)
①highatmospherichumidity
②seawater
③rainwater
④acidrain
⑤exposuretofreeze-thawcycles
⑥deterioratingchemicals
⑦alkalineenvironment
⑧environmentalvariables
⑨tosimulatetheenvironmentalconditionsinregionswithaveragerelativehumidityconditions
⑩aggressivemedia/influences
Chloride-ladenenvironement
(材料性能)
①compressivestrength-fcb(MPa)
②flexuraltensilestrength-ftb(MPa)
③tensilestrength-ftf(MPa)
④ultimatestrain-ε(%)
⑤elasticmodulus-Ef(GPa)
⑥Axialstrain
⑦lateralstrain
⑧Young’smodulus
⑨Poission’sratio
(材料形状)
①theouterconcretelayer
②“coverconcrete”
18.表示相同
①…werenearlysame.
②AbehavelikeB
③AsimilartrendisalsoobservedintheE/hratio,seeFig.11(b).
19.某种程度
①theextentofthereduction
20.某些配比
①watertobinderratios(W/B)
②weighttostrengthratio
21.表示抵制
①highresistanceto
②resistanceagainstcarbonation
22.方程,公式
①inEq.
(1).
②Eqs.
(2)-(7):
23.参考文献1
①thiswasalsoconfirmedbyseveralstudies[…]
②Thisresultwasalsoconfirmedbypreviousresearch.③…,whichhasbeenquantifiedin[…].
④Similarresultswerereportedbyotherresearchers[…]⑤Thisisconsistentwithotherreports.
⑥Basedonthepreviousstudies[…]
⑦intheopenliterature/inpreviouspublications
⑧Numeroussurveyshaveindicatedthat
⑨Inthestudyofresearch
⑩fromthereviewoftheliterature
23.参考文献2
①…havebeenquotedinliterature.
②Inparticularthereisalsopublishedworkaboutrealtimemonitoring…
③Detailedsurveysandliteratureaccountsonthecarbonationproblemandrelatedaspectsconcerningthedurabilityof
concrete-basedmaterialscanbefound,forinstance,in[1–6]andreferencestherein.
④Wedonotgointodetailinwhatthemodellingofthehydrationisconcernedbutratherreferthereaderto[7,12–14]forfairlydetaileddescriptionsoftheinvolvedphysicochemicalprocessesandto[15,16]forapresentationofafewqualitative(mathematical)issuesconcerningsomeoftheexistinghydrationmodels.
⑤Inastudyundertakenby…,itwasshownthat…[7].
⑥Vastmajorityofexistingworksintheliteratureassumeauniformcorrosionpatternaroundthe…,e.g.[1-3]
24.缺陷,缺点,不足
①Anotherexplanationfor…liesin…
②therearecertainlimitations
③theysufferfromseriouslimitationsof
④Whenappliedto…,limitationsincludetheneedto…
25.表示变化
①modificationsandvariations
②analteredmatrixmicrostructure
③transformations
26.根据…
①basedontheprocedureoutlinedin[…]
②proceduresfullyconformedtothestipulationssetforthinASTMC192
③Testshavebeenperformedonthematerialsconstituentsfollowingrelevantteststandards[…]
④…arebasedonthefundamentalprinciplethat…
27.情况不同,现象不同
①…mighthaveleadtodifferentobservations
②Inthestudyofresearch
28.研究意义
①Theunderstandingof…isacrucialstep.
②ThetestsperformedinthisstudyarealsoacontributiontowardstheapplicationofAEtechniquesforon-sitehealth
monitoringofstrengthenedmasonrystructures.
③…havemadeFRPsanefficientsolutionforstrengtheningpurpose
④itisofutmostimportanceunderstandingthematerialbehaviorinordertoimprovethematerialperformanceandtoelongateitslifetime.
⑤NDTtechniqueisdevelopedmainlytoovercomethisobstacle,whileprovidingdesiredlevelsofresolutionsfordifferentinspectionpurposes.
29.关系密切,相关性
①…iscloselyrelatedto…
②...iscloselylinkedto…
③…isconnectedto…
④Thecorrelationbetween…and…
⑤…iscorrelatedto…
⑥…isintrinsicallydependenton…
30.研究领域的缺乏
①effortsinthedirectionof…areverylimited.
②Despitethenumerouscontributionsofinvestigationregardingthe…
③thereisnocommonunderstandingabouttheeffectof…
④Duetoinconsistencyonunderstandingofinner…,furtherinvestigationisstillregular.
⑤Actualdataon…issparse,notalwayswelldocumentedand,whenavailable,noteasilyaccessibletothedesigner.⑥Fewresearchworkspublishedinthelastyearsonthissubjectindicate…
⑦Aspectssuchasfailureinitiation,interfacialdamagepropagationandlocalization,aswellasnondestructivebondqualitymonitoringarestillopen.
⑧However,significantlymoreliteratureisneededthataddressesthenumerousandvariousconditionsthat