届高考英语人教版一轮复习练习选修6 5 Unit5知能演练轻松闯关 Word版含答案.docx
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届高考英语人教版一轮复习练习选修65Unit5知能演练轻松闯关Word版含答案
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A
（2018·江西赣中南五校联考）Initsearlyhistory，Chicagohadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentlikethis：
AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp，hereplies，“No，thanks.I’vegotagoodhorseunderme.”
Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage（排水）system，buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.
AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.
Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem：
dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice：
eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements，andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors，orhoist（吊起）theentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwoodframebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge，heavystructuresliketheTremontHotel,whichwasasixstorybrickbuilding?
That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehousemovingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel，Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews（螺旋千斤顶）beneaththebuilding’sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman’ssigneachmanturnedhisjackscrewsbythesameamountatthesametime，therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly，theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation，andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver，thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事。
1．TheauthormentionsthejokeinParagraph1toshow________．
A．horseswerefairlyusefulinChicago
B．Chicago’sstreetswereextremelymuddy
C．Chicagowasverydangerousinthespring
D．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous
B 解析：
推理判断题。
根据第一段第一句“Initsearlyhistory，Chicagohadfloodsfrequently，especiallyinthespring，makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople，horsesandcartsgotstuck.”可推知，作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B。
2．ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto________．
A．getridofthestreetdirt
B．lowertheChicagoRiver
C．fightagainstheavyfloods
D．buildthepipesaboveground
D 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句“AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.”可知，EllisChesbrough让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选D。
3．WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?
A．Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.
B．Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.
C．ItinvolvedPullmaninturningtenjackscrews.
D．Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.
A 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶把theTremontHotel升高的事项进展顺利，故选A。
4．ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago’s________．
A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluences
B．environmentaldisastersandtheircauses
C．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutions
D．successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements
C 解析：
主旨大意题。
结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选C。
B
（2018·成都高中毕业班摸底测试）Theworldrecordholderforthenumberofuniversitydegreesisa70 year oldItalian.
Mr.LucianoBaiettilivesinthetownofVelletrinearRomeandspendshisdayswalkingaroundhissmallhouseandgarden.Buteverymorningasearlyas3o’clock，hepullsouthistextbooksandstartsstudying.
Henowholds15bachelorsormaster’sdegreesfromuniversitiesacrossItaly，andisalreadyattemptinghis16th.
“Thankstobooks，Ifeelfree，”hetellstheBBCjournalists.“Afterall，thewordssharethesameroot，”hesays，referringtotheItalianwordslibro（book）andlibero（free）．Thecertificatesprovinghistalenthangonthewallsofhisstudy，showingpeoplethathewaswritingnewpagesintheGuinnessBookofRecords.In2002hegothiseighthdegreeinmotorskills.Andbeforethathealreadyhaddegreesinsociology，literature，law，politicalscienceandphilosophy，mostfromRome’sfamousLaSapienzaUniversity,oneoftheoldestintheworld.
Sincethen，hehasaddedsevenotherdegreestohislist，includingoneincriminology（犯罪学），oneinmilitarystrategiesandthelatestoneintourisminFebruary2017.Allofthesethreewerefromonlineuniversities.
“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango，”saysMr.Baietti.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。
来自意大利的70岁的LucianoBaietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。
5．WhatcanweknowaboutMr.Baiettifromthepassage?
A．Hehasawiderangeoflearning.
B．Heistheoldestworldrecordholder.
C．Hehasgotcrazyaboutgettingdegrees.
D．Hegotallhisdegreesbygoingtoschool.
A 解析：
推理判断题。
根据第三至五段可以推断LucianoBaietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。
awiderangeof意思是“广泛的，多种多样的”，所以选项A正确。
6．WhyhasMr.Baiettitriedtogetsomanydegrees?
A．Toshowhistalent.
B．Tochallengehimself.
C．Tobecomepopular.
D．Tobreaktheworldrecord.
B 解析：
细节理解题。
根据最后一段中的“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango”可知选项B正确。
7．Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?
A．Anewspaper. B．Abiography.
C．Atravelmagazine.D．Astorybook.
A 解析：
推理判断题。
根据全文尤其是第四段LucianoBaietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。
所以选项A正确。
C
（2018·银川检测）Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.
AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawnoutincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselongtermhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?
Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.
“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg，”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis（麻痹）ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.
Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。
研究表明，虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯，但是该习惯会引起血压的升高，还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。
所以不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿。
8．Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?
A．Itisaverybadsocialhabit.
B．Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.
C．Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.
D．Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.
C 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段的第二句“Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.”可知，跷二郎腿会引起健康问题，故C项正确。
9．Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________．
A．affectyourbloodpressure
B．resistgravityeffectively
C．leadtoheartattackseasily
D．improvethefunctionoflegs
A 解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句“AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知，研究表明，跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高，故A项正确。
10．Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”．
A．slightlysharppainsB．beingalittletired
C．seriousmuscleinjuriesD．beinghighlyflexible
A 解析：
词义猜测题。
根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis（麻痹）ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知，这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹，使人无法站立，有一种针刺感；据此可以判断，画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”，故A项正确。
11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A．Tocomparecommonhabits.
B．Togivereaderssomeadvice.
C．Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.
D．Tointroduceresearchmethods.
B 解析：
写作意图题。
根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知，本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题，建议人们不要跷二郎腿，要有正确的坐姿，故B项正确。
D
（2018·黄岗检测）OnChristmasDay,2003,awomannamedNancySueBrowntookherdaughterandgrandchildrentoseeamovieatanAMCtheater.Whenthemoviewasover,thecrowdmadefortheexits.Atheateremployeehadjustfinishedmoppingthehallwayanddutifullyplacedthe“wetfloor”signintheslipperyarea.Nooneslippedduetothewetconditions,butsomeonedidmanagetoknockoverthesign.AndbythetimeMs.Browngottothearea,thesignwaslyingonthefloor.Andshortlythereafter,sowasshe.Herfootgotcaughtinthesign,inabadway,andshefell.UnfortunatelyMs.Brownhadundergoneabackoperation,andthefallcausedmoredamagethanitotherwisewouldhave.Sosheandherhusbandsued（提起诉讼）．
AMCarguedthattheentirepointofthe“wetfloor”signabovewastowarnofdanger,andtherefore,courtsshouldencouragetheusebynotallowingBrown’scasetoproceed（继续进行）.AMCreferredtoacaseaboutaDecember,1998incident,wherea“wet
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