人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三.docx
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人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三
2019年人教版英语高一上学期综合检测卷三
一、阅读理解(30分)
1.(6分)
EnvelopeBudget
FromMcDonald'stoSonic,fastfoodhadabadeffectonmywaistlineandmybudget.Itwasnothingtoruntoadrive-throughtopickupacolddrinkoraquickbitetoeat.Itwassoeasytousemycardforasmallpurchase.Forme,Igotalotofsatisfactionfromfastfood.
OnedayIsatdownandcalculatedthatIwasspendingasurprising$40aweekonfastfood.Thiswasalotoficedcoffeeandhamburgers!
Insteadofreducingmyguiltypleasures,Idecidedtogivemyselfastrongbudgettoreducemyconsumption.EveryMondayIplacedanenvelopewith$20inmypurse.Thatwasmyfastfoodbudgetfortheentireweek.Iftherewasanythingleftoverattheendoftheweek,itwasminetosaveorspend.IfIspentallofthemoneyduringtheweek,therewerenomorefastfoodstopsthatweek.
Thebudgetmadememoremindfulofmypurchases.InsteadofpurchasingalargedrinkfromSonic,Iwouldpurchaseasmall.Itwassillsatisfyingbutnotnearlyaspricey.Insteadofeatingawholemeal,IwouldpickthepartthatIactuallywanted.Manydays,thethoughtofhangingontothemoneyforaspecialpurposemeantmoretomethantheinstantsatisfactionoffastfood.Ineverreallyfeltunhappybecauseitwasaconsciouschoicetospendorsavewitheachpurchase.
Envelopebudgetkeptmehonest.Ihadaclearideahowmuchmoneywasspenteachweekonfastfoodpurchases.Istartedtobringmylunchesmoreoftentosavemoremoneyfortheweek.ItwasafunchallengetoseehowmuchIcouldsaveeveryweek.
ChangingthewayIspentonfastfoodnotonlyhelpedmybudget,butimprovedmyweight.InthefirstmonthIwasabletogetridof5poundsbysimplychangingthewayIapproachedspendingonfastfood.NowIammorelikelytobringmylunchthantobuyit.Iamnotupset,butempoweredtomakepositivechoicestoimprovemylife.
(1)AccordingtoParagraph1,theauthor____.
A.wasfondoffastfoodverymuch
B.hadnotimetocookforherself
C.livedwithasmallamountofmoney
D.gotsomebenefitsfromusinghercard
(2)Theauthorsetherenvelopebudgetto____.
A.buyfastfoodatagoodbargain
B.savemoneytobuymorefastfood
C.getridofthehabitofeatingfastfood
D.makefastfoodspendingundercontrol
(3)Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat____.
A.itisunusualtomakesomechanges
B.thebudgetmeansapressureonlife
C.envelopebudgetisgoodforhealth
D.itishardtoenjoyahealthylifestyle
(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Whytheauthorbecameaddictedtofastfood.
B.Howenvelopebudgetchangedtheauthor'slife.
C.Howfastfoodcontrolledtheauthor'sbehavior.
D.Whytheauthortookenvelopebudgetseriously.
2.(8分) Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小学),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.
Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:
thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere'sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:
statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.
Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are"mostlikelytoengage(从事)indangerousandriskybehavior."
Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(调查研究)."Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."
Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.
Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:
Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,"hesaid.
(1)Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?
A.Unkind. B.Lonely. C.Generous. D.Cool.
(2)Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theclassificationofthepopular.
B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.
C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.
D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.
(3)WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?
A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.
B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.
C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.
D.Theyperformedwellacademically.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.BeNice—YouWon'tFinishLast
B.TheHighertheStatus,theBeer
C.BetheBest—YouCanMakeIt
D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness
3.(8分) Goodnewsforpeoplewhohavedifficultyinrememberingthings.AmemorytechniqueinventedbytheancientGreekshasrecentlybeenprovedtobeabletogreatlyimproveordinarypeople'smemoryability.Youmayevenbecomeamemorychampionifyoupracticehardenough.
ThisisaccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNeuron.Researchersfrom RadboudUniversityMedicalCenterintheNetherlandsfoundthatmemorychampionsaren'tallthatdifferenttous.Peoplewithanaveragememorycangreatlyimprovetheirmemoryabilitybyusingwhat'sknownasthe"mindpalace"method.
Themethodisthesecretweapon(武器)ofthefictional(虚构的)characterSherlockHolmes.
Inordertodothis,youneedtopictureaplaceyou'refamiliarwith,suchasyourlivingroom.Then,youhavetorememberthisplaceinasmuchdetailaspossibleasthisisyourownmindpalace.
Supposeyouwanttorememberashoppinglist.Youcanstartbyspreadingoutalltheitemsaroundyourlivingroominyourmind.Thismeanseachitemonyourlistisconnectedwitharememberedplaceinyourlivingroom.Youtraveltothatrememberedplaceasyourecallthelist.
Toexploretheeffectsofthismethodonthebrain,researchersgathered51participantswithaveragememorylevelsandnopreviousmemorytraining.After40daysofdaily30-minutetrainingsessions(一段时间),participantsdoubledtheamountofwordstheycouldremember—theywentfromrecallinganaverageof26wordsoutof72,toanimpressive62.Fourmonthslater,evenwithoutcontinuedtraining,theirrecallperformanceremainedhigh.
"Onceyouarefamiliarwiththesestrategiesandknowhowtoapplythem,youcankeepyourperformancehighwithoutmuchfurthertraining,"MartinDresler,assistantprofessorfromRadboudUniversityMedicalCenter,toldtheDailyMail.
Inaddition,thetrainingalsoaffectsthewayourbraincellsconnect.Aftertraining,thewaythattheparticipants'braincellsconnectbegantobelikethoseofmemorychampionscomparedtoscans(扫描检查)takenbeforetraining.Researchersbelievethiscouldberesponsiblefortheirincreasedmemory.
Butwhatmakesthisresearchsofascinatingisthatitseemstoprovethatthetalenttostorethingsinyourmindisn'tdowntogenes.Dreslerfoundtherewasnodeferenceinbrainstructurebetweenmemorychampionsandnormalpeople,whichmeansmemorychampionsarenotbornwithdifferentbrains.
"They,withoutasingleexception,trainedformonthsandyearsusingmethodstoachievethesehighlevelsofperformance,"DreslertoldScienceDaily.
It'sclearthatmorestudiesareneededtofindoutwhat'sgoingonhere,butthe"mindpalace"methodmightbeyourbestbettoneverforgetanimportantname,dateorappointmenteveragain.
(1)Themainpurposeofthetextisto ____.
A.presentaresearchonamemoryimprovementstrategy
B.explorethesecretsofmemorychampions
C.arguewhethergoodmemoryisnaturalortrained
D.explainhowamemoryimprovementstrategyworks.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthe"mindplace"method?
A.ThemethodbecamepopularbecauseofSherlockHolmes.
B.Peopleneedtodrawafamiliarplaceonpaperbeforeusingthemethod.
C.Theeffectsofthismethodarelikelytofadewhentherainingstops
D.Themethodreliesonaconnectionwithafamiliarenvironmenttorememberthings.
(3)WhatwouldMarinDreslerprobablyagreewith?
A.People'smemorylevelhasalottodowiththeirbrainstructure.
B.Memorychampionsareoftenbornwithoutstandingmemoryability
C.Memorytrainingcouldchangethewayourbraincellsconnect.
D.Withcontinuedtraining,everyonecandevelopintoamemorychampion.
4.(8分) Weekendgymratsmightbeontosomething.Weekendwarriors,who