高中英语重要句型.docx
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高中英语重要句型
高中英语重要句型
1.Thereissomethingwrongwithsb/sth.(某人或某物有毛病,不正常)
如:
Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch=Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.
类似的句型:
What’swrong/thematterwithsb./sth?
该句型在宾语从句中语序不变,因为what是主语。
Iaskedhimwhatwaswrong./thematterwiththebike.
2.强调句句型
Itis/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分
这句型可以强调句子的主语、宾语、表语及状语等成分。
如果被强调的成分是表示人的词,可以用that或who/(whom)连接其他成分;被强调的成分是表示人以外的词,用that连接。
如:
IsawJohninGuilinlastweek.
→ItwasIwho/thatsawJohninGuilinlastweek.
→ItwasJohnwhom/thatIsawinGuilinlastweek.
→ItwasinGuilinthatIsawJohnlastweek.
→ItwaslastweekthatIsawJohninGuilin.
注意:
(1)不可强调由since/as引导的原因状语从句以及although和whereas(而、却)引导的从属或并列分句。
(2)动词be除了is/was之外,可以有其他形式。
如:
ItmayhavebeenatChristmasthatJohngaveMaryahandbag.
(3)not…until句型。
如:
Ididn'tfindmylostpenuntilyesterday.变成强调结构:
ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIfoundmylostpen.
(4)强调结构的一般问句。
如:
IsitEnglishthatMrSmithteachesyou?
(5)强调结构的特殊问句。
如:
Whenwasitthatthethinghappened?
Whowasitthatdidit?
3.so…that…(结果状语从句)
sothat….(目的状语从句)
e.g.Heworkedsohardthathepassedtheexameasily.
Theyworkedhardsothattheycouldfinishedtheworkontime.
4.so…that…那么….以致于
so+adv./adj.+that…
so+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数+that…=such+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数+that…
so+many(few,little,much)+n.+that…
ItwassocoldthatIhadtostayathome.
Canyoubelievethatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople.
Heissogoodaboythateveryonelikeshim.
Itissoimportantameetingthatyoushouldattendit.
such…that…那么….以致于
such+a(n)+adj.+可数名词单数+that…=so+adj.+a(n)+可数名词单数+that…
such+adj.+可数名词复数+that…
such+adj.+不可数名词+that…
注意:
若名词前有one,two,several,some,all,many,no,any,等修饰时,such放在这些修饰词之后.
Heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.=Heissogoodaboythateveryonelikeshim.
Ourfactoryhasdecidetointroduceonesuchmachine.
Therearenosuchthingsnow.
Itwassuchcoldweatherthatallthepeoplestayindoors.
5.
(1)肯定句,(and)so+助动词(be,have或情态动词)+主语“…也是如此…”
RockmusicisOK,andsoisskiing.
Ifshegoesthere,soshallI.
(2)类似:
Soitiswith…=Itisthesamewith…“…也是如此…”
——IliketowatchplaysbutIdon’tliketowatchTVeveryevening.
我喜欢看电视节目,但每天晚上我都不看电视。
——Soitiswithme./Itisthesamewithme.我也是如此。
(3)否定句,neither/nor+助动词(be,have或情态动词)+主语“…不…,也是不…..”
Idon’tenjoysinging,nordoIlikecomputers.
(4)So+主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词“的确如此”(主谓是正常语序,表示同意前者的观点)
——Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework.他们已完成了作业。
——Sotheyhave.的确如此
(5)主语+do/does/did+so.doso“也真得这么做了”代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复
Iaskedhimtoclosethedoorandhedidso.我让他关上门,他真的这样做了
6.——hopetodosth/forsth/that+从句….希望做/得到/某人做…
——wishtodosth/sbtodosth/sbsth/that+从句(虚拟语气)
Ihopethatyouwillwinthelastmatch.=Iwishyoutowinthelastmatch=Iwishthatyouwouldwinthelastmatch.
Wewishedeachotherthebestofluckintheexam.
7.have/makesbdosth让/使某人去做..,
have/keepsbdoingsth让/使某人在(一直)做..,
have/getsthdone让/叫人做….
havesthtodo有…要做的事
注:
sbbemadetodosth.
MrSmith,I’dliketohavethispackageweighed.
Thetwoweavershadtheirlightsburningallnightalong.
IwouldratherhaveLiMinggowithyou.
Ihaven’t(got)aseattositon.
Parldoesn’thavetobemadetolearn.Healwaysworkshard.
8.现在进行时表示即将发生的动作,常用的非延续性动词有:
come,go,leave,start,return,arriveandsoon.表示"意图"、"打算"、"安排"、主语常常是人
I’vewonaholidayfortwotoFlorida.Iamtakingmymum.
Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?
9.with的独立主格结构
其构成是:
with+名词/代词(宾语)+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/形容词/副词(宾补)。
在句中作定语或状语作用。
(1)Hewaslyingonthegroundwithhiseyeslookingatthesky.
(2)Thethiefwasbroughttothefrontwithhishandstiedbehind.
(3)Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime
(4).Theboyranoutwithatoyguninhishand.
(5)Withthedooropen,theylefttheclassroom.
(6)Withproductionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
10.notonly…(but)also…(不但…而且)
(1)连接并列主语、谓语、宾语或状语。
如:
NotonlyhebutalsothewholefamilyliketheTVprogramme.
Henotonlyreadthebook,butalsorememberedwhatheread.
HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench..
(2)notonly…butalso在连接并列分句是,notonly部分的分句应用倒装语序。
如:
Notonlydidweseehim,(but)alsowespoketohim.
Notonlyhadshenoticedhisdoubt,butalsoshehadknownwhyhewasdoubted.
11.(某人)做某事是…
Itis+adj.(necessary/important/possible/impossible/n.+(forsb.)todosth.
Itis+adj.kind/rude/clever/brave/foolish/polite/careless/cruel+(ofsb.)todosth.
Itisdangerousforachildtoswimaloneintheriver.(不能说Achildisdangerous,用for)
Itwaskindofyoutolendmeahand.(能说Youarekind,用of)
Weallthinkitmostfoolishofyoutomakethismistake.
Isn’titrudeofhimtotalktohismotherlikethat?
Itisagoodhabit(forus)togetupearly.
12.Itbe+时间+before从句(要过多久才…)
Itbenot+时间+before从句(没过多久就…)
在此句型中,如果主句是一般将来时,before引导的时间状语从句中的时态要用一般现在时,如:
Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.(五年后我们才会见面。
)
但要注意,如果主句是一般过去时,则从句中也用过去时,如:
Itwasn’tlongbeforehetoldmeaboutit.(没过多久他把那件事情告诉了我。
)
13.“是某人干什么事的时候了”Itistimeforsomebody.todosomething.
It’stimeforyoutogotosleep.
Itis(high)timethat+从句(从句中动词使用“过去时态”或使用“should+动词原形”)
It’stimethatwewenttoschool.=It’stimethatweshouldgotoschool.
It’shightimethathesettleddowninBeijingandstartedanewlife.
——Itishightimethattheboywassenttoschool.
——Yes.It’sreallytimeforustodoso.
14.Itissaidthat…=somebody./something.issaidtobe/todo/tohavedone/tobedoing…
(据说…)如:
Itissaidthatthestrangeoldmanisagreatartist.=Thestrangeoldmanissaidtobeagreatartist.
ItissaidthathehasgonetoAmericaonabusinessvisit.
=HeissaidtohavegonetoAmericaonabusinessvisit.
ItissaidthatMrShenisstudyingabroad.=MrShenissaidtobestudyingabroad.
还有其他动词可以用于此句型,如:
Itisbelieved/reported/announced/thought/well-known…that…
15.Itdoesn’tmattertosomebody.=Itmakesnodifferencetosomebody.
(对某人没有影响。
)
如:
Itdoesn’tmattertomewhetheryougoorstay.=Itmakesnodifferencegomewhetheryougoorstay.
16.Somebodybedoingsomethingwhen….某人正在做某事的时候这时…
Somebodybeabouttodosomethingwhen…某人正要做某事的时候这时…
Somebodyhadjustdonesomethingwhen…某人刚做完某事的时候这时…
注意:
这几个句型中时态只用过去形式。
如:
Wewerehavingdinnerwhenthebellrang.
Wewereabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.
Wehadjustfinishedourhomeworkwhentherewasaring.
17.Howdoyoufind…?
(你认为…怎么样?
)=Whatdoyouthinkof…
Whatissth/sblike?
…怎么样…
Howdoyoulikesth/sb?
你觉得..怎么样
Whatdoes/dosb/sthlooklike?
..看上去像…?
Howdoyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?
=Whatdoyouthinkofyourvisittothemuseum?
Howdoyoulikethecupofcoffee?
你喜欢怎样的咖啡?
WhatisTomlike?
He’sverytall.他这个人怎么样?
他高、强壮又勇敢。
Whatdoeshelooklike?
Helookslikeasolder.他长得像什么?
他像战士。
Whatwilltheweatherbelike?
天气怎样?
18.(看起来好象…)句型
Itseemsthat…=Somebody/Somethingseemsto…该从句中用陈述语气。
Itseemedthathehadreadthebookbefore.=Heseemedtohavereadthebookbefore.
Itseemsasif…
注意:
asif后引导的从句说明一种可能的事实时用陈述语气,若说明情况不可能成立就应用虚拟语气。
(1)Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.
(2)Itseemsasifheknewnothingabouther.
seem+(tobe)n./adj.,seemtodo/bedoing/havedone
Iseemtohaveseenhimsomewherebefore.我好似以前在哪儿见过他
Itseemsagoodidea.I’llhavesomeonedoitsoon.
Youaremistaken,itseems.
19.Thereseemstobe….“好象有…..”
Thereseemstobenothingleft.
20.系动词:
sound/feel/seem/look/taste/+adj.听/摸/好象/看/尝起来…
sound/seem/looklike听/好象/看起来像…,feellikedoingsth.想要做…
Mrs.Whitefoundherhusbandsurroundedbylettersandpapersandlookingveryworried.
Wedon’tcareifahuntingdogsmellsbadly,butwereallydon’twanthimtosmellbad.
Whathesaidsoundsfriendly.
Hisdaughterdoesn’tlooklikehermother,butshespeaksashermotherdoes.
21.asmany/muchas…,asdeep/high/wideas…,
asfaras1)远到2)就,,而言,aslongas!
)长达2)只有,只要
as+adj/adv+as…,as+adj+a/an+n.as,
Ourneighbourhasasbigahouseasours.
Shewalkedaloneasfarastheendofthestreet.
Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.
AsfarasIknow,theyliveinthesameneighborhood.
Aftersuppershewouldsitdownbythefire,sometimesforaslongasanhour,thinkingofheryoungandhappydays.
AslongasIknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.
22.倍数的表达方法:
(1)…倍数+比较级+than+…..
(2)倍数_+as+adj/adv.+as…
(3)倍数+the+n.(size/height/length/width/time/amount)of+…
(4)by+倍数,表示增加多少倍
Hediditone-thirdthetimeittookme.
Americanseatmorethantwiceasmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.
Thereishalfasmuchwaterinthisbottleasinthatone.
Paperproducedeveryyearisthreetimestheweightoftheworld’sproductionofvehicles.
Thegrainoutputis8higherthisyearthanthatoflastyear.今年比去年粮食产量增加8%
Theproductionofgrainhasbeenincreasedbyfourtimesthisyear.今年粮食产量增加了4倍
23.wouldlike/love/perfersth,
wouldlike/like/prefer(not)todosth,
wouldlike/like/prefersb(not)todosth
wouldlike/love/prefersthtobedone,
wouldlik/love/prefertohavedonesth
Iwouldliketogototheshopwithyou.
Hello,I’dliketobookaroomforthenightsofthe18thand19th.
IwouldlovetohavegonetothepartlastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.
24.虽然…但表示法:
Although/Though…,(yet/still)sb….While/When…,sb….
MrHallunderstandsthatalthough/thoughmathshasalwaysbeeneasyforhim,