英语部分专项练习一.docx

英语部分专项练习一.docx

《英语部分专项练习一.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语部分专项练习一.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语部分专项练习一

银行校园招聘考试英语部分专项练习

（一）

PartIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Ifthesalinityofoceanwaterisanalyzed,itisfoundtovaryonlyslightlyfromplacetoplace.Nevertheless,someofthesesmallchangesareimportant.Therearethreebasicprocessesthatcauseachangeinoceanicsalinity.Oneoftheseisthesubtractionofwaterfromtheoceanbymeansofevaporation—conversionofliquidwatertowatervapor.Inthismanner,thesalinityisincreased,sincethesaltsstaybehind.Ifthisiscarriedtotheextreme,ofcourse,whitecrystalsofsaltwouldbeleftbehind;this,bytheway,ishowmuchofthetablesaltweuseisactuallyobtained.

Theoppositeofevaporationisprecipitation,suchasrain,bywhichwaterisaddedtotheocean.Heretheoceanisbeingdilutedsothatthesalinityisdecreased.Thismayoccurinareasofhighrainfallorincoastalregionswhereriversflowintotheocean.Thussalinitymaybeincreasedbythesubtractionofwaterbyevaporation,ordecreasedbytheadditionoffreshwaterbyprecipitationorrunoff.

Normally,intropicalregionswherethesunisverystrong,theoceansalinityissomewhathigherthanitisinotherpartsoftheworldwherethereisnotasmuchevaporation.Similarly,incoastalregionswhereriversdilutethesea,salinityissomewhatlowerthaninotheroceanicareas.

Athirdprocessbywhichsalinitymaybealteredisassociatedwiththeformationandmeltingofseaice.Whenseawaterisfrozen,thedissolvedmaterialsareleftbehind.Inthismanner,seawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahighersalinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.Ofcourse,whenthisicemelts,itwelltendtodecreasethesalinityofthesurroundingwater.

IntheWeddellSea,offAntarctica,thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedasaresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavywatersinksandisfoundinthedeeperportionsofoceansoftheworld.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A.Wheredowegetourtablesalt?

B.Oceanicsalinityintropicalregions

C.Threebasicprocessesthatalteroceanicsalinity

D.Variationsofsalinityindifferentpartsoftheocean

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theoceanicsalinityisusuallylowerin_____.

A.tropicalregions

B.coastalregions

C.placesinwhichwarmcurrentsandcoldcurrentsmeet

D.theAntarctica

3.Allofthefollowingareprocessesthatdecreaseoceansalinityexcept_____.

A.precipitationB.runoffC.meltingD.evaporation

4.Whatdoestheword“subtraction"inthefourthlineofthefirstparagraphmean?

A.reductionB.influxC.transformationD.freezing

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaresultoftheformationoficeinoceans?

A.Thesurroundingwatersinks.

B.Thewaterbecomesdenser.

C.Watersalinitydecreases.

D.Thesurroundingwaterbecomescolder.

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Morethanacenturyago,therelationshipbetweenglacialiceandtheamountofwaterintheoceanbasinswasfirstseen.Whenthegreaticesheetcoveredvastlandareas,thesealevelwasloweredbecausethenormalreturnofwaterfromlandtotheoceanwasreduced.Asaresult,thesealevelroseasIceAgeglaciersmeltedallowingthemeltedwaterstoflowintotheocean.Ifalltheglacialiceonthesurfaceoftheearthtodayshouldmelt,thesealevelmightrisebymorethan150feet.Shorelinevariationsarealsoproducedthroughelevationordepressionoftheland.Duringtimesofglacierformationsthegreatweightoftheiceslowlydepressedtheearth'scrust.Removaloftheweightthroughglaciermeltingallowedtheslowreturnofthecrusttoitsformerposition.ChangesintheGreatIceclimatesfromcoolandwettowarmanddryproducedclimatechangesfarfromtheglaciatedarea.Forexample,attimesofcool-wetglacialclimates,levelsofinlandlakesrose,incontrasttothedepressionofsealevel.Duringthewarm-dryinterglacialclimates,lakelevelswerelowered.TheancientlakeBonneville,largestoftheglaciallakesinWesternUnitedStates,oncecoveredmorethan20,000squaremiles.Ithadamaximumdepthofmorethan1,000feet.GreatSaltLakeinUtahistheshrunkenremnantofthisoncelargelake.

Althoughthefirsttimethatearlymanwalkedontheearthisuncertain,heislargelyaproductoftheGreatIceAge.Presentinformationshowsthatduringthistimeheevolvedrapidlybothphysicallyandculturally.HismostprimitivetoolsandskeletalremainshavebeenfoundinsomeoftheoldestdepositscontemporarywiththeGreatIceAgeinAfrica,AsiaandEurope.Theseareoftenassociatedwithremainsofextinctanimals.Withthedisappearanceofthegreaticesheets,theBronzeandIronAgeculturesevolved.Aboutthistimemanyanimalssuitedtocoolerclimatesdied.

Althoughmuchremainstobelearned,thestoryoftheGreatIceAgeisbeingunfoldedthroughtheeffortsofspecialistsinmanyfields.Recordingfieldobservation,newtheoriesandmethods,andworldwidestudiesofexistingglaciersarebringingaclearerunderstandingoftheGreatIceAge.

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTimpliedinthepassage?

A.ManhasalotmoretolearnabouttheGreatIceAge.

B.Theartofmakingtoolswasinstrumentalinbringingabouttheevolutionofhumanbrain.

C.ManyspecieswerenotsuitedtothewarmerclimatesoftheBronzeandIronAge.

D.Therelationshipbetweenglacialiceandtheamountofwaterintheoceanbasinswasnotseenuntilmorethanahundredyearsago.

7.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingwillinducethedepressionofsealevel?

A.formationofgreatmassesoficesheetontheland

B.precipitation

C.shorelinevariations

D.theadventofwarm-dryinterglacialclimates

8.WhydoestheauthorcitetheexampleoftheGreatSaltLakeinUtah?

A.toshowthatitisalakecreatedintheGreatIceAge

B.toshowthatitoncewasthelargestlakeintheUnitedStates

C.toshowthatitevolvedfromtheBronzeandIronAge

D.toshowthatitiswhatremainedoftheoncelargelakeBonneville

9.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedaboutearlymanbasedontheinformationprovidedinthepassage?

A.TheexacttimeofhisappearanceontheEarthisuncertain.

B.HeevolvedrapidlyphysicallyandculturallyduringtheBronzeandIronAge.

C.Theabilitytomakeprimitivetoolsdistinguishedmanfromotheranimals.

D.Earlymanlivedmainlyonanimalshunted.

10.ThebestsourceofinformationabouttheGreatIceAgeisobtainedfrom_____.

A.rockformations

B.fossilremains

C.primitivetoolsusedbyearlyman

D.Antarctica'sancientglacier

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Manypeoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenbornahundredyearsago.Becausemorepeoplelivelonger,therearemorepeoplearoundatanygiventime.Infact,itisadecreaseindeathrates,notanincreaseinbirthrates,thathasledtothepopulationexplosion.

Prolonginghumanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependencyload.Inallsocieties,peoplewhoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentontherestofsocietytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringcultures,oldpeoplewhocouldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamine,infantsmightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarved,whereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmostcontemporary（当代的）societies,peoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealivewhethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepasttheageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletowork;wealsohaveruleswhichrequirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosavemoneyfortheirretirement,somebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnitedStatesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittlethattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoungormiddle-agedpeople;unlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernmentinsurance,theymustoftengoonwelfareiftheyhaveaseriousillness.

Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweaktocareforthemselves,theycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepastandinsometraditionalcultures,theywouldbecaredforathomeuntiltheydied.Today,withmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschool,thereisoftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed,agreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescent（康复的）hospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseareoftenprofit-makingorganizations,althoughsomearesponsored（赞助）byreligiousandothernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsaregood,mostofthemaresimplydumpinggroundsforthedyinginwhichcareisgivenbypoorlypaid,overworked,andunder-skilledpersonnel.

11.Whatwasthecausetothepopulationgrowthaccordingtothepassage?

A.increaseofbirthrate

B.advanceinmedicalcare

C.well-administeredsocialwelfare

D.thedecreaseofdeathrate

12.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatinsometraditionalsocieties_____.

A.infantsmaybelefttodiewhenthereisn'tenoughfoodtogoaround

B.oldandsickpeoplearecaredforathomeuntiltheydied

C.peoplearerequiredtoretireatacertainage

D.peoplewhoaretooweakorillhavetotakecar