英语四级真题新题.docx

英语四级真题新题.docx

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英语四级真题新题

2008年12月英语四级真题

PartIWriting（30minutes）

注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上。

怎样改善学生的心理健康

1.学生心理健康的重要性

2.学校应该怎样做

3.学生自己应该怎样做

【范文】Howtoimprovepsychologicalhealth?

Asisknowntoall,psychologicalhealthisasimportantas,ifnotmoreimportantthan,physicalhealthforastudentduringhis/hergrowth.However,it'squiteworryingthatnowadayssomestudentsarenotquitepsychologicallyhealthy.

Undoubtedly,schoolsanduniversitiesshouldtakegreataccountintheresponsibilitiesofstudents'psychologicalhealth.Relevantcoursesandactivitiesshouldbeintroducedtostudentssothattheywouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceofpsychologicalhealthandfindappropriatewaystomaintainandimproveit.Forexample,thereshouldbeapsychologicalcounselinghotlineorofficeforstudentstoturntowhentheyneedsomepsychologicalaid.

Ofcoursenopsychologicalhealthcanbeobtainedwithouttheeffortsfromthestudentsthemselves.Frommyperspective,whattheycandoistryingtostaypositive,optimisticandfollowtherightguidelinesfromtheirschools.Tobemorespecific,theycanparticipateinsomeactivitiessuchasvoluntaryworktocultivateanopeningandcaringmind.Meanwhile,harmfulimpactsfromthecyberspaceshoulddefinitelybeavoided.

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

That’senough,kids

ItwasalovelydayattheparkandStellaBianchiwasenjoyingthesunshinewithhertwochildrenwhenayoungboy,agedaboutfour,approachedhertwo-year-oldsonandpushedhimtotheground.

“I’dwatchedhimforalittlewhileandmysonwasthefourthorfifthchildhe’dshoved,”shesays.”Iwentovertothem,pickedupmyson,turnedtotheboyandsaid,firmly,’No,wedon’tpush,”Whathappenednextwasunexpected.

“Theboy’smotherrantowardmefromacrossthepark,”Stellasays,”Ithoughtshewascomingovertoapologize,butinsteadshestartedshoutingatmefordiscipliningherchild,AllIdidwaslethimknowhisbehaviorwasunacceptable.WasIsupposedtositbackwhileherkiddidwhateverhewanted,hurtingotherchildrenintheprocess?

”

Gettingyourownchildrentoplayniceisdifficultenough.Dealingwithotherpeople’schildrenhasbecomeaminefield.

Inmyhouse,jumpingonthesofaisnotallowed.Inmysister’shouseit’sencouraged.Forher,it’saboutkidsbeingkids:

”Ifyoucan’tdoitatthree,whencanyoudoit?

”

Eachofthesephilosophiesisvalidand,ithastobesaid,mysonlovesvisitinghisaunt’shouse.ButIfindmyselfsaying“no”alotwhenherkidsareoveratmine.That’sOKbetweensistersbutbecomesdangerousterritorywhenyou’retalkingtothechildrenoffriendsoracquaintances.

“Kidsaren’tallraisedthesame,”agreesProfessorNaomiWhiteofMonashUniversity.”Butthereisstillanideathatthey’rethepropertyoftheparent.Weseeourchildrenasanextensionofourselves,soifyou’resayingthatmychildisbehavinginappropriately,thenthat’ssomehowacriticismofme.”

Inthosecircumstances,it’sdifficulttoknowwhethertoapproachthechilddirectlyortheparentfirst.Therearetwoschoolsofthought.

“I’dgotothechildfirst,”saysAndrewFuller,authorofTrickyKids.Usuallyaquietreminderthat’wedon’tdothathere’isenough.Kidsnavefinelytunedantennae（直觉）forhowtobehaveindifferentsettings.”

Hepointsoutbringingitupwiththeparentfirstmaymakethemfeelneglectful,whichcouldcauseproblems.Ofcourse,approachingthechildfirstcanbringitsownheadaches,too.

ThisiswhyWhiterecommendsthatyouapproachtheparentsfirst.Raiseyourconcernswiththeparentsifthey’rethereandaskthemtodealwithit,”shesays.

Askedhowtoapproachaparentinthissituation,psychologistMeredithFulleranswers:

”Explainyourneedsaswellasstressingtheimportanceofthefriendship.Prefaceyourremarkswithsomethinglike:

’Iknowyou’llthinkI’msillybutinmyhouseIdon’twant…’”

Whenitcomestosituationswhereyou’recaringforanotherchild,whiteisstraightforward:

“commonsensemustprevail.Ifthingsdon’tgowell,thenhaveachat.”

There’reacoupleofnewgreyareas.Physicalpunishment,onceacceptedfromanyadult,isnolongerappropriate.“Anewsetofconsiderationshascometotheforeaspartofthedebateabouthowwehandlechildren.”

ForAndrewFuller,thechild-centricnatureofoursocietyhasaffectedeveryone:

”Therulesaredifferentnowfromwhentoday’sparentsweregrowingup,”hesays,“Adultsarescaredofsaying:

’don’tswear’,oraskingachildtostanduponabus.They’reworriedthattherewillbeconflictiftheypointthesethingsout–eitherfromolderchildren,ortheirparents.”

Heseesitasalossofthesenseofcommonpublicgoodandpubliccourtesy（礼貌）,andsaysthatadultssufferformitasmuchaschild.

MeredithFulleragrees:

“Acodeofconductishardtocreatewhenyou’relivinginaworldinwhicheveryoneisexhaustedfromoverworkandlackofsleep,andaworldinwhichnicepeopleareperceivedtofinishlast.”

“it’saboutwhatI’mdoingandwhatIneed,”AndrewFullersays.”thedayswhenakidcamehomefromschoolandsaid,“Igotintotrouble”.Anddadsaid,‘youprobablydeservedit’.Areover.Nowtheparentsarecharginguptotheschooltohaveagoatteachers.”

Thisjumpingtoourchildren’sdefenseispartofwhatfuelsthe“walkingoneggshells”feelingthatsurroundsourdealingswithotherpeople’schildren.Youknowthatifyouremonstrate（劝诫）withthechild,you’regoingtohavetodealwiththeparent.it’sadmirabletobeprotectiveofourkids,butisitgood?

“Childrenhavetolearntonegotiatetheworldontheirown,withinreasonableboundaries,”Whitesays.“Isuspectthatit’sonlycertainsectorsofthepopulationdoingtherunningtotheschool–better–educatedparentsareprobablymorelikelytobetooinvolved.”

Whitebelievesournotionsofamorechild-centred,it’sawayoftalkingabouttreatingourchildrenlikecommodities（商品）.We’recentredonthembutinwaysthatreflectpositivelyonus.Wetreatthemasobjectswhoseappearanceandachievementsaresomethingwecanbeproudof,ratherthanservethebestinterestsofthechildren.”

Onewayover-worked,under-resourcedparentsshowcommitmenttotheirchildrenistoleaptotheirdefence.Backatthepark,Bianchi’sintervention（干预）onherson’sbehalfendedinanundignifiedexchangeofinsultingwordswiththeotherboy’smother.

AsBianchiapproachedtheparkbenchwhereshe’dbeensitting,othermumscameuptoherandcongratulatedherontakingastand.“Apparentlytheboyhadalongstandingreputationforbadbehaviourandhismumforevenworsebehaviourifhewaschallenged.”

AndrewFullerdoesn’tbelievethatweshouldbeafraidofdealingwithotherpeople’skids.“lookatkidsthataren’tyourownasapotentialminefield,”hesays.Herecommendsthatwedon’tstaysilentoverinappropriatebehaviour,particularlywithregularvisitors.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.WhatdidStellaBianchiexpecttheyoungboy’smothertodowhenshetalkedtohim?

A）makeanapology

B）comeovertointervene

C）disciplineherownboy

D）takeherownboyaway

2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdealingwithotherpeople’schildren?

　　A）it’simportantnottohurttheminanyway

B）it’snousetryingtostoptheirwrongdoing

C）it’sadvisabletotreatthemasone’sownkids

D）it’spossibleforonetogetintolotsoftrouble

3.AccordingtoprofessorNaomiwhiteofMonashuniversity,whenone’skidsarecriticized,theirparentswillprobablyfeel

A）discouraged

B）hurt

C）puzzled

D）overwhelmed

4.Whatshouldonedowhenseeingotherpeople’skidsmisbehaveaccordingtoAndrewfuller?

A）talktothemdirectlyinamildway

B）complaintotheirparentspolitely

C）simplyleavethemalone

D）punishthemlightly

5.Duetothechild-centricnatureofoursociety,

A）parentsareworriedwhentheirkidsswearatthem

B）peoplethinkitimpropertocriticizekidsinpublic

C）peoplearereluctanttopointourkids’wrongdoings

D）manyconflictsarisebetweenparentsandtheirkids

6.Inaworldwhereeveryoneisexhaustedfromoverworkandlackofsleep,.

A）it’seasyforpeopletobecomeimpatient

B）it’sdifficulttocreateacodeofconduct

C）it’simportanttobefriendlytoeverybody

D）it’shardforpeopletoadmireeachother

7.Howdidpeopleusetorespondwhentheirkidsgotintotroubleatschool?

A）they’dquestiontheteachers

B）they’dchargeuptotheschool

C）they’dtellthekidstoclamdown

D）They’dputtheblameontheirkids

8.Professorwhitebelievesthatthenotionsofamorechild-centredsocietyshouldbechallenged.

9.Accordingtoprofessorwhite,today’sparentstreattheirchildrenassomethingtheycanbeproudof.

10.Andrewfullersuggeststhat,whenkidsbehaveinappropriately,peopleshouldnotstaysilent.

PartIIIListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11.A）Onlytruefriendshipcanlastlong.

B）Letterwritingisgoingoutof