外文参考文献模板最新 李晓旭 2.docx

外文参考文献模板最新 李晓旭 2.docx

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外文参考文献模板最新李晓旭2

本科生毕业设计（论文）专业外文翻译

原文：

PCandsinglechipmicrocomputerserialcommunicationdesign

译文：

关于PC机与单片机串行通信设计的实现

指导教师：

宋东亚职称：

讲师

学生姓名：

李晓旭学号：

1002120107

专业：

电气工程及其自动化

院（系）：

机电工程学院

2014年3月20日

PCandsinglechipmicrocomputerserialcommunicationdesign

PCistheabbreviationofthePersonalComputer,whichcanrunindependently,performspecificfunctionsofthePersonalComputer.Personalcomputerdoesnotneedtoshareothercomputerresourcessuchasprocessing,disksandprintercanworkindependently.

1.1.PCdevelopmentbriefhistory

Accordingtothelogicelementprocesschange,canbedividedintofourstages:

Øfirstgeneration:

1946-1958isthevacuumtubecomputer.Itscharacteristicisthatthebigvolume,powerconsumption,moreslowly,butlaidthefoundationofcomputertechnology.

Øsecondgeneration:

1958-1964isthetransistorcomputer.Itscharacteristicisthatthevolumereduction,reducepowerconsumption,speed,costreduction;

Øthirdgeneration:

1964-1971istheintegratedcircuitcomputer,thanonthecharacteristicsofthesecondgenerationofthethirdgenerationhasalargerincrease;

Øfourthgeneration:

massofverylargescaleintegratedcircuitcomputersince1971,itfromlargetotinydevelopment,costperformanceisgreatlyimproved;Ø

Thefifthgenerationcomputerwilldeveloptois.

1.2.ThePChardwareprofile

Hardwareisrunningsoftwareplatform,softwarecontrolhardwareworktocompletethescheduledtasks.Firstofall,letusunderstandthecomputerhardware.

1.2.1.Centralprocessingunit（CPU）

TheCPUistheabbreviationofcentralprocessingunit（CPU）,itisthecorecomputercomponents.CPUchipmainlycontainarithmeticunitandcontroller.Øunit

Arithmeticunitisusedfordataarithmeticoperation（addition,subtraction,multiplication,division,etc.）andlogicoperations（comparison,shift,Booleancalculation,etc.）ofthedevice.Datafrommemoryintheunitoperation,operationresultandsenttomemory,theseoperationsarecarriedoutunderthecontrolofthecontroller.Øcontroller

Controlleristhecommandcenterofthecomputer,isusedtocontrol,accusedtheentirecomputersystemautomatically,continuouslyrunningandcoordinatedworkbetweentheparts.

Singlechipmicrocomputerhereinafterreferredtoassinglechipmicrocomputer,itisthecentralprocessingunit（CPU）,memory（RAMandROM）,timer/counter,andallsortsofinterfacecircuitsareintegratedintoaintegratedcircuitchipmicrocomputer.Withthedevelopmentofcomputertechnology,especiallythesinglechipmicrocomputertechnology,peoplehaveincreasinglycometosomeindustrialcontrolsystembysinglechipmicrocomputertestingandcontrolparameterssuchastemperatureandhumidity.PCmachinehaspowerfulmonitoringandmanagementfunctions,whileMCUhavethecharacteristicsoffastandflexiblecontrol,throughthePCRS232serialinterfacetocommunicatewithexternaldevices,isakindofcommunicationthatiscommonlyusedinmanymeasurementandcontrolsystemsolutions.SohowtorealizethecommunicationbetweenPCandsinglechipmicrocomputerhasveryimportantpracticalsignificance.Forsomeremotecontrolorriskishigher,theapplicationofthedataacquisitionandcontrol,thispapermainlyintroducesawayofusingdupleximplementationofserialcommunicationbetweenPCandsinglechipmicrocomputer.

Serialcommunicationreferstotheperipheralsandcomputeruseadatalinebetweenaatransmissionofdata,eachdataoccupyafixedlengthoftime."Serial"referstothewayofinformationtransmissionbetweenperipheralsandinterfacecircuit,betweenCPUandinterfaceisstillworkinginparallelway.Serialdataduringtransmission,duetotheinterferencemaycauseerrorinformation.Howtofinderrorsinthetransmission,errordetection;Afterfounderrors,howtoeliminatetheerror,errorcorrection.

（1）serialdatatransmissionmode

1）doubleofficewaycommunicationbothsidescansimultaneouslysendandreceiveoperation.

2）only1halfduplexmodetransferringdatasignals,requiringcommunicationssentandreceivedbytheelectronicswitchonbothsides.Becausethereisonlyonechannel,sothedatacan'ttransferinbothdirectionsatthesametime.

3）simplexmodeallowsonlytransmitdataaccordingtoafixeddirection.

（2）serialcommunicationcanbedividedintotwotypes:

synchronouscommunicationandasynchronouscommunication.

Asynchronouscommunication:

acharacterinacharactertransfer,eachcharacteraatransmission,transmissionofacharacter,beginswithastartbit,andthentransferthecharacteritself,ladiesandgentlemen,thentransfercheck,finallyendswithastopbitthetransmissionofthecharacters.Atransferofthestartbit,characters,ladiesandgentlemen,parity,stopbits,constituteacompletesetofinformation,knownastheFrame（Frame）.Betweentheframeandtheframecanhaveanysparetime.Afterthestartbitistheleastsignificantdata.

（1）astartbitislocatedinthecharacterframeatthebeginning,onlyone,forlowlevellogic"0",isusedtonotifythereceivingdevice,thesendertostartsendingdata.Characteronalinewithouttransmissionshouldbekeptas"1".Receivingendconstantlycheckthestatusofaline,suchascontinuousforlater,"1"toa"0",knowfromanewcharacter,shouldbereadytoreceiveimmediately.

（2）data:

databits（D0-D7）jjustbehindthestartingfor,usuallyfor5to8,onthebasisofdatabitsweretransmittedfromlowtohighorder.

（3）paritycheckbits,paritycheckbitsonlytakeupone,andimmediatelybehindthedatabitsusedtorepresenttheserialcommunicationusingoddparityorevencheck,alsocanusethisone（I/O）todeterminethenatureofthischaracterrepresentsmoreinformationinaframe（address/data,etc.）.

（4）stopbit:

locatedinthecharacterframeintheend,thecharacterizationoftheendofthecharacters,itmustbeahighlevel（logic"1"）.Stopbitscanbe1,1.5a,2a.Onthereceivingendafterreceivingthestopbit,knowacharacterhasbeentransferred,andatthesametimetoprepareforreceivingthenextcharacter（aslongastoreceivea"0"isthenewcharactersofthestartbit）.Ifstop,sinceisnotfollowedbypassingthenextcharacter,keeponalineas"1".

Synchronouscommunication:

synchronoustransmissionbitgroupismuchlarger.Itisnotindependentlysendeachcharacter,eachcharacterhasitsownstartandstopbits,butputthemtogethertosendtogether.Wecallthesecombineddataframes,orframesforshort.

Thisdesigntopicresearchbetweensystems,datatransmissionandcontrolsystemandperipherals.SerialportinsystemandACTSasaconnectionbetweenperipheraltasksandinserialcommunicationswithRS485andRS232serialinterfacetechnologymostwidelyused,thistopicmainlystudiesdesignofRS485serialport,andinordertomeettheRS485communicationstandardMAXIMcompanyhasdesignedamodelnamedMAX488forthischip,thechipconnotationisadriveandareceiver,withlowpowerconsumptionatthesametime,single+5vpowersupply,thedrivehasoverloadprotection,withoutexternalcomponents,etc.

AT89C2051MCUwhenexecutingcommandstofailure,canthroughthechipIMP813microcontrollerreset.Itcanalsobeawakensingle-chipcomputerfromsleepmodeoridlemode.InthepresentAT89seriessingle-chipmicrocomputerserialportcommunicationtechnologyinthecurrentpopularsolutionistoadoptRS485interface.Ittakesoneandtwobusinterface,USESahalfduplexcommunicationbusdifferencelevelofdatatransmission.MicrocomputertorealizeRS485protocolcommunicationgenerallysummarizedtwomethodscanbeused:

thefirstUSESthecommunicationcard,insertedoncomputermotherboardexpansionslot;ThesecondUSESRS232andRS485conversioninterfacedevice.

SystemUSESAT89C51asamachineandPCasuppermachine,boththroughtheRS-232serialporttosendandreceivedata.RS-232signallevelandsinglechipmicrocomputerserialsignallevel,mustbebetweenthetwoleveltransformation,systemusedintheintegrationlevelconversionchipMAX232implementingRS-232/TTLleveltransformation.

ThisdesignusingthesinglechipmicrocomputerprincipleandmicrocomputerinterfacetechnologyandsoonknowledgeofsinglechipmicrocomputerandPCserialcommunicationdesign.Thereareinvolvedduringdescription,serialcommunicationsystemofserialcommunicationprinciple,theelectricstandardofRS-232interface,levelconversionmethodandthesinglechipmicrocomputerminimumsystemdesignrelatedissues.

ThissystemconsistsofhardwareandsoftwareThissystemconsistsoftwopartsofhardwareandsoftwarecoordinationiscomplete,thehardwarepartmainlycompleteinformationdisplay;Softwaremainlycompletesignalprocessingandcontrolfunction,etc.Systemhardwaredesignadoptsmodulardesign,AT89C51single-chipmicrocomputerasthecore,theserialportcommunicationcircuitofcontrolsystem.Softwaredesignusingaqueryandreceiveinterruptwaytocompletedata,andfurtherprocessing.

Duringimplementationbehindalsoadopted,forexample,andthesimulationdebugging,namelyusingProtuesplatform,virtualserialportsoftwaretocreatevirtualCOMport,apairofinterlinkedMSC0mmsoftwarebasedserialdebuggingsoftwaretoolssuchasPCandsinglechipcomputerserialcommunicationsystemsimulation.

Involvingthebaudrateinthetitle,baudratethedatatransferrate,saideverysecondtransmissionofbinarydigits,itistheunitofgbit/SEC（b/s）,commonlyusedBPSsaid.Baudrateisanimportantindicatorofasynchronouscommunication,characterizationdatatransmissionspeed,thehigherthebaudrate,thefasterthespee