职称英语考试卫生A阅读判断模拟试题及答案.docx
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职称英语考试卫生A阅读判断模拟试题及答案
SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet
OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight'srest.It'sahugequality-of-lifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults."Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging,"saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病学）andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity."It'sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.
Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.
Olderpeopletendtohave"sleepfragmentation,"meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammack,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.
Theyalsoseemtogetless"REM"sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.
It'sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonaperson'squalityoflife,Bloomsaid."Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep,"hesaid.And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.
"Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses,includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暂停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,"saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatigueand"hypersomnia,"orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.
Anotherbigproblem,henoted,isdepressionandanxiety."Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems."
Despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren'tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia（失眠）,restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunderdiagnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.
1.Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone,squalityoflife.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
2.Itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
3.YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
4.ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
5."Sleepfragmentation"referstoamarkedlackof"REM"sleep.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
6.Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
7.ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案：
ABCABBC
HowtoChoosethePerfectStroller
Foranewbornyouhavetodecidewhetheryouwantapram,acar-seatframe,atravelsystemoraconvertiblestroller.
Asanewbornneedstoliedownforthefirst4-5monthsofitslife,apramseemstobetheperfectsolutionbecauseit'sbassinet-likesleepingspace,butafterthebabycansitupyou'llneedanewstroller.Apramcanbealsoquitelargeandexpensive.
Alow-costalternativecanbethecarseatframethatallowsyoutosnapyourinfantcarseatrightontop.Thisfoldableandlightweightframecanbeeasilystoredinthetruckofyourcar.Howeverafterthebabyoutgrowstheinfantcarseatyou'llhavetobuyanewstroller.
Thetravelsystemcouldseemastheperfectsolutionforastroller.Itcanbeusedfrombirthtillthebabyis3yearsold.Thistypeofstrollerallowsyoutokeepthecarseatonthestrolleruntilyourbabyisoldenoughtositup,andthenremoveitandseatyourbabyinthestrolleritself.Howeveritcanbethatthissystemisquiteheavyandnotsoeasytofoldandshoveinthecartruck.
Ifyouwanttoleavethecarseatoutoftheequationyoumight,consideraconvertiblestrollerasitcanbeyourcompanionfromthefirstdaysofyourchild'slifetillheisinthetoddlerstage.Theseatofaconvertiblestrollercanbefoldedbacksoyournewborncanrideflatbutasthebabygrowsyoucanfolditupandsohecanalsositupright.
Ifyouarelookingforastrollerforababythatcansitupright,youmightconsideralightweightstroller,ajoggerorastandardstrollerdependingonyouralldayneeds.
Whichevertypeofstrolleryouchooseyouhavetolookupcertainfeatureslike：
stability,harness（five-pointharnessisbest）,heightofthehandles（adjustablehandleheightsmightbeaplus）,foldingtypeandsize（inordertobeabletoshoveitintoyourtruck）
16.Apramisthebeststrollerforababybeforeitcansitupright
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
A
解析：
该题说的是：
在婴儿能够坐起之前，卧式婴儿车是最好的选择。
第二段提到因为有婴儿床一样的可供睡觉的空间，因此在婴儿4-5个月大之前是最好的婴儿车。
17.Apramisthecheapestofallthechoicesmentionedinthepassage
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析：
该题说的是：
卧式婴儿车是文章中提到的最便宜的一款。
第二段结尾提到卧式婴儿车很贵，因此错误。
18.Thecarseatframeisnotsoexpensive,butitcanonlybeusedbeforethebabygrowsbiggerthanit
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
A
解析：
该题说的是：
车座架婴儿车不太贵，但是婴儿长到大于它的尺寸时，就不能用了。
第三段提到了这一说法，outgrow意为太大而不适于。
19.Ababycanbeseatedinthecarseatinthetravelsystemwhenitissmall
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
A
解析：
该题说的是：
婴儿小的时候可以坐在车座架里在放在旅行套车里。
第三段中间提到婴儿小的时候可以放在旅行车里的车座架里，长大之后撤掉车座架直接放在婴儿车里。
20.Ababycaneitherlieorsitupinaconvertiblestrolleronlyduringthefirst4-5monthsofitslife
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析：
该题说的是：
只有在出生后的4-5个月里，婴儿可以在折叠式婴儿车里躺着或者坐着。
第五段提到折叠式婴儿车可以从婴儿出生一直用到走路，而不仅是4-5个月，因此不准确。
21.Thecarseatandthetravelsystemcanbothbeeasilyfoldedandshovedinthecartruck
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析：
该题说的是：
车座架和旅行婴儿车都可以被折叠起来放在车的后备箱里。
第四段提到旅行婴儿车不容易折叠放在后备箱里。
因此错误。
22.Heightofthehandlesisnotamongthefeaturesyoushouldtakeintoconsiderationwhenchoosingastrollerforyourbaby
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析：
该题说的是：
选择婴儿车的时候不需要考虑车把的高度。
最后一段提到选择婴儿车需要考虑的因素中包括车把高度。
因此错误。
ToenailFungusCure
Ithasbeenwelldocumentedthatforcenturiestheoliveleafhasofferedanaturalmeanstocuremanyailmentsofthebody.Thiscanalsobeappliedasatoenailfunguscure.Oleuropein（橄榄苦甙）,thenameestablishedfortheagentintheoliveleafextract,isthereasonwhytheoliveleafprovidesmanypositiveattributes.Olivetreesrequirethissubstancetoensurethattheplantitselfisquiterobustsoastowithstandanyharshweathersituationsorattacksfrominsects.Theantimicrobial（抗菌剂）characteristicofoliveleafextractcomesaboutwhentheoleuropeinbreaksdowninthebodyintoacertainacid.Thisacidinterfereswithapathogen's（病原体的）abilitytoreplicate.Abeneficialbyproductofthisresponseisthatajumpstartisgiventotheimmunesystem,whichbeginstofightbacteriaandinfectiononitsownaswell.
Studiestodayshowthattoenailfungusisacommon,infectiousconditionthatstrikesmanypeople.Ittypicallyoccurswhentheimmunesystemisdownandcanbedifficulttoeliminatefromyoursystemoncecontracted.Scientificallyisitreferredtoasonychomycosis（灰指甲）whichaccountsforalargeproportionofnaildisordersandcanbecomeratherunsightlyandpainful.Itfirstbeginsasadiscolorationofsortsoralightcoloredspotunderthetipofthetoenailwhichthenrunstospreaduntiltheentirenailitselfisnoticeablyyellowandroughcompletelyyellow,thickandrough.
Fortunately,toenailfungusdoesn'thavetobeacceptedasapartoflife.Varioustreatmentsarenowavailableonthemarkettoeliminatethefungusthatcausesthisunpleasantcondition.Applyingthenaturalhealingpotentialofoliveleafoilhasproventobeasafeandnaturalwayridofthisdifficultailment.Whenpurchasingoliveleafextract,itisimportanttopurchasefromareputablecompanyastheprocessingoftheplantmustbedonecarefullytoensurethattheextractispotentandeffective.
WhenconsumingoliveleafextractitisimportanttostartslowlytopreventwhatisknownasHerxheimerreactionor"die-off."However,thisoutcomeonlyhappenswhenlargedosesaretakenquickly.Ifthetreatmentbeginsslowlyandisgraduallyincreased,thisresponsetodetoxificationisrarelyseenatall.
Itisapreferablecourseoftreatmenttoingestasmallamountofcapsulesonadailybasistorelievetoenailfungus.Itisnecessarytocompletethistherapyuntilthefungusiscompletelyextinguished.Evenasthefungusdiesandthetoenailstartstoclearitiscriticaltopersistwiththecourseuntiltheinfectedportionhasgrownoutaltogether.
Thistoenailfunguscureshouldbeaccompaniedbyfuturepreventionssothatthiswillnotoccuragainbykeepingtoenailscleanandhygienicandtoalwayskeepthemprotectedwhenvisitingpublicareaswheretoenailsareexposed.
1.Olivetreesrequireleuropeintosurviveanyharshweathersituationsorattacksfrominsects
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
A
解析:
该题说的是：
橄榄树需要橄榄苦甙是为了对抗艰苦的环境和虫害。
文章第一段第四行到第六行说明了这一点。
2.Theacidgeneratedfromoleuropeincanstrengthenapathogen'sabilitytoreplicate.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析:
该题说的是：
橄榄苦甙转化成的一种酸能加强病原体的复制能力。
第一段倒数第三行提到这种酸能够干扰病原体的复制能力。
注意“interferewith”意为“干扰”。
3.Toenailfunguscannotpassfromonepersontoanotherevenwithclosecontacts.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析:
该题说的是：
趾甲真菌即使在紧密接触的情况下也不会在人与人之间传染。
第二段第一句提到趾甲真菌是普遍的传染性的。
与该题说法矛盾。
4.Onychomycosiscanbeuglybutnotpainful
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
正确答案：
B
解析:
该题说的是：
灰指甲会不美观，但不疼。
第二段提到灰指甲不美观还会疼痛。
5.Thereisn'tanyeffectivetreatmentonthemarkettoeliminatethetoenailfungus,butmedicalexpertsaretryingtheirbesttodevelopatherapyfor
升级会员 