《Business statistic》复习参考第一章至第八章讲解学习.docx

《Business statistic》复习参考第一章至第八章讲解学习.docx

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《Businessstatistic》复习参考第一章至第八章讲解学习

《BusinessStatistic》

中国人民大学出版社英文版第五版

chapter1~8复习参考

Part1名词解释

1、Statisticsisamethodofextractingusefulinformationfromasetofnumericaldatainordertomakeamoreeffectiveandinformeddecision.

2、DescriptiveStatistics：

Thesearestatisticalmethodsoforganizing,summarizingandpresentingnumericaldatainconvenientformssuchasgraphs,chartsandtables.

3、Inferentialstatisticsisdefinedasstatisticalmethodsusedfordrawingconclusionsaboutapopulationbasedonsamples.

4、Primarydataisobtainedfirsthand.

5、Secondarydataalreadyexistsorhasbeenpreviouslycollectedsuchascompanyaccounts,orsalesfigures.

6、Mean:

Thearithmeticaverageandthemostcommonmeasureofaaaaaaacentraltendency.①Allvaluesareincludedincomputingthemean.②Asetofdatahasauniquemean③Themeanisaffectedbyunusuallylargeorsmalldatapoints（outliers/extremevalues）.

7、Mode:

Themostfrequentdata,ordatacorrespondingtothehighestfrequency.①Modeisnotaffectedbyextremevalues.②Theremaynotbeamode.③Theremaybeseveralmodes.④Usedforeithernumericalorcategoricaldata.

8、Medianisthevaluethatsplitsarankedsetofdataintotwoequalparts.①Medianisnotaffectedbyextremelylargeorsmallvaluesandisthereforeavaluablemeasureofcentraltendencywhensuchvaluesoccur.

9、StandardDeviation:

①Ameasureofthevariationofdatafromthemean.②Themostcommonlyusedmeasureofvariation.③Representedbythesymbol‘s’.④Showshowthedataisdistributedaroundthemean.

10、Probabilityisthechanceofanoccurrenceofanevent.①Probabilityofaneventalwaysliesbetween0and1.②Thesumoftheprobabilitiesofeverypossibleoutcomeoreventis1.③TheprobabilityofthecomplementA’isgivenby1-P（A）.

11、PropertiesofNormaldistribution：

①Continuousrandomvariable.②‘Bell-shaped’&symmetrical.③Mean,median,modeareequal④Areaunderthecurveis1.

12、TheCentralLimitedTheorem：

①Ifthepopulationfollowednormaldistribution,thesamplingdistributionofmeanisfollowednormaldistribution.②Ifthepopulationdonotfollowednormaldistribution,butthesamplesizeislargerthan30,thesamplingdistributionofmeanisfollowednormaldistribution.

Part2选择题

Topic1-IntroductiontoBusinessStatistics&DataCollection

Q1.Theuniverseortotalityofitemsorthingsunderconsiderationiscalled:

a.asample.

b.apopulation.

c.aparameter.

d.noneoftheabove.

Q2.Thosemethodsinvolvingthecollection,presentation,andcharacterizationofasetofdatainordertoproperlydescribethevariousfeaturesofthatsetofdataarecalled:

a.inferentialstatistics.

b.totalqualitymanagement.

c.sampling.

d.descriptivestatistics.

Q3.Theportionoftheuniversethathasbeenselectedforanalysisiscalled:

a.asample.

b.aframe.

c.aparameter.

d.astatistic.

Q4.Asummarymeasurethatiscomputedtodescribeanumericalcharacteristicfromonlyasampleofthepopulationiscalled:

a.aparameter.

b.acensus.

c.astatistic.

d.thescientificmethod.

Q5.Asummarymeasurethatiscomputedtodescribeacharacteristicofanentirepopulationiscalled:

a.aparameter.

b.acensus.

c.astatistic.

d.totalqualitymanagement.

Q6.Theprocessofusingsamplestatisticstodrawconclusionsaboutpopulationparametersiscalled:

a.inferentialstatistics.

b.experimentation.

c.primarysources.

d.descriptivestatistics.

Q7.Whichofthefourmethodsofdatacollectionisinvolvedwhenapersonretrievesdatafromanonlinedatabase?

a.publishedsources.

b.experimentation.

c.surveying.

d.observation.

Q8.Whichofthefourmethodsofdatacollectionisinvolvedwhenpeopleareaskedtocompleteaquestionnaire?

a.publishedsources.

b.experimentation.

c.surveying.

d.observation.

Q9.WhichofthefourmethodsofdatacollectionisinvolvedwhenapersonrecordstheuseoftheLosAngelesfreewaysystem?

a.publishedsources.

b.experimentation.

c.surveying.

d.observation.

Q10.Afocusgroupisanexampleofwhichofthefourmethodsofdatacollection?

a.publishedsources.

b.experimentation.

c.surveying.

d.observation.

Q11.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutresponserates?

a.Thelongerthequestionnaire,thelowertherate.

b.Mailsurveysusuallyproducelowerresponseratesthanpersonalinterviewsortelephonesurveys.

c.Questionwordingcanaffectaresponserate.

d.d.Alloftheabove.

Q12.Whichofthefollowingisareasonthatamanagerneedstoknowaboutstatistics?

a.Toknowhowtoproperlypresentanddescribeinformation.

b.Toknowhowtodrawconclusionsaboutthepopulationbasedonsampleinformation.

c.Toknowhowtoimproveprocesses.

d.Alloftheabove.

Scenario1-1

Questions13-15refertothisscenario:

Aninsurancecompanyevaluatesmanyvariablesaboutapersonbeforedecidingonanappropriaterateforautomobileinsurance.Someofthesevariablescanbeclassifiedascategorical,discreteandnumerical,orcontinuousandnumerical.

Q13.ReferringtoScenario1-1（above）,thenumberofclaimsapersonhasmadeinthelastthreeyearsiswhattypeofvariable?

a.Categorical.

b.Discreteandnumerical.

c.Continuousandnumerical.

d.Noneoftheabove.

Q14.ReferringtoScenario1-1（above）,aperson'sageiswhattypeofvariable?

a.Categorical.

b.Discreteandnumerical.

c.Continuousandnumerical.

d.Noneoftheabove.

Q15.ReferringtoScenario1-1（above）,aperson'sgenderiswhattypeofvariable?

a.Categorical.

b.Discreteandnumerical.

c.Continuousandnumerical.

d.Noneoftheabove.

Q16.Whichofthefollowingcanbereducedbyproperinterviewertraining?

a.Samplingerror.

b.Measurementerror.

c.Coverageerror.

d.Nonresponseerror.

Scenario1-2

Questions17-19refertothisscenario:

MediterraneanfruitflieswerediscoveredinCaliforniaafewyearsagoandbadlydamagedtheorangesgrowninthatstate.Supposethemanagerofalargefarmwantedtostudytheimpactofthefruitfliesontheorangecropsonadailybasisovera6-weekperiod.Oneachdayarandomsampleoforangetreeswasselectedfromwithinarandomsampleofacres.Thedailyaveragenumberofdamagedorangespertreeandtheproportionoftreeshavingdamagedorangeswerecalculated.

Q17.ReferringtoScenario1-2（above）,thetwomainmeasurescalculatedeachday（i.e.,averagenumberofdamagedorangespertreeandproportionoftreeshavingdamagedoranges）arecalled_______.

a.statistics.

b.parameters.

c.samples.

d.populations.

Q18.ReferringtoScenario1-2（above）,thetwomainmeasurescalculatedeachday（i.e.,averagenumberofdamagedorangespertreeandproportionoftreeshavingdamagedoranges）maybeusedonadailybasistoestimatetherespectivetruepopulation_______.

a.estimates.

b.parameters.

c.statistics.

d.frame.

Q19.ReferringtoScenario1-2（above）,inthisstudy,drawingconclusionsonanyonedayaboutthetruepopulationcharacteristicsbasedoninformationobtainedfromthesampleiscalled_______.

a.evaluation.

b.descriptivestatistics.

c.inferentialstatistics.

d.survey.

Scenario1-3

Questions20and21refertothisscenario:

TheQualityAssuranceDepartmentofalargeurbanhospitalisattemptingtomonitorandevaluatepatientsatisfactionwithhospitalservices.Priortodischarge,arandomsampleofpatientsisaskedtofilloutaquestionnairetoratesuchservicesasmedicalcare,nursing,therapy,laboratory,food,andcleaning.TheQualityAssuranceDepartmentpreparesweeklyreportsthatarepresentedattheBoardofDirectorsmeetingsandextraordinary/atypicalratingsareeasytoflag.

Q20.ReferringtoScenario1-3（above）,truepopulationcharacteristicsestimatedfromthesampleresultseachweekarecalled_____________.

a.inferences.

b.parameters.

c.estimates.

d.data.

Q21.ReferringtoScenario1-3（above）,alistingofallhospitalisedpatientsinthisinstitutionoveraparticularweekwouldconstitutethe________.

a.sample.

b.population.

c.statistics.

d.parameters.

Scenario1-4

Questions22-24refertothisscenario:

ThefollowingarethequestionsgiventoSheilaDrucker-Ferrisinhercollegealumniassociationsurvey.Eachvariablecanbeclassifiedascategoricalornumerical,discreteorcontinuous.

Q22.ReferringtoScenario1-4（above）,thedataforthenumberofyearssincegraduationiscategorisedas:

__________________.

a.numericaldiscrete.

b.categorical.

c.numericalcontinuous.

d.noneoftheabove.

Q23.ReferringtoScenario1-4（above）,thedataforthenumberofsciencemajorsiscategorisedas:

____________.

a.categorical.

b.numericalcontinuous.

c.numericaldiscrete.

d.noneoftheabove.

Q24.ReferringtoScenario1-4（above）,thedatafortabulatingthelevelofjobsatisfaction（High,Moderate,Low）iscategorisedas:

_________.

a.numericalcontinuous.

b.categorical.

c.numericaldiscrete.

d.noneoftheabove.

Topic2:

OrganisingandPresentingdata

Q1Thewidthofeachbarinahistogramcorrespondstothe:

a.boundariesoftheclasses.

b.numberofobservationsintheclasses.

c.midpointoftheclasses.

d.percentageofobservationsintheclasses.

Q2Whenconstructingcharts,whichofthefollowingcharttypesisplottedattheclassmidpoints?

a.Frequencyhistograms.

b.Percentagepolygons.

c.Cumulativerelativefrequencyogives.

d.Relativefrequencyhistograms.

Q3Whenpolygonsorhistogramsareconstructed,whichaxismustshowthetruezeroor"origin"?

a.Thehorizontalaxis.

b.Theverticalaxis.

c.Boththehorizontalandverticalaxes.

d.Neitherthe