高一英语 11主谓一致专项训练教师辅导讲义教案.docx

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高一英语 11主谓一致专项训练教师辅导讲义教案.docx

高一英语11主谓一致专项训练教师辅导讲义教案

教师辅导讲义

辅导科目:

英语年级:

高一    课时数:

3

课题

          主谓一致专项训练

教学目标

通过专项合训练,巩固梳理倒装句用法,掌握其重要考点及运用。

教学内容

 Step1.Greetings&Freetalk

Istheresomethinginterestingorimportantthisweek?

Step2.Assignmentschecking&Revision

1.错题重现

2.重点知识回顾

Step3.按考点分类练习

i.并列主语的主谓一致

1.主谓一致的三原则

1)语法一致的原则:

主语和谓语的数在语法形式上是一致的。

2)就近原则:

谓语动词与离其最近的主语在数上保持一致。

3)意义一致的原则:

在意义上主语和谓语动词的单复数是保持一致的。

2.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

但当并列主语指的是同一人或物、同一事情或同一概念时,动词用单数形式。

常见的指同一人或事物的并列主语有:

cartandhorse,warandpeace,needleandthread,

coffeeandmilk,breadandbutter,lawandorder,watchandchain,ironandsteel,forkandknife,allworkandnoplay,scienceandtechnology,truthandhonesty等。

3.冠词在并列主语中的用法

1)在“并列修饰语+单数名词”结构中,并列主语指同一人或事物时共用一个冠词,主语为单数。

2)and连接两个带冠词的名词时,主语为复数,指不同的人或事物。

4.当结构是and+not时,谓语与and前的主语一致。

5.当and连接的并列主语前分别由each,every,no,manya等修饰时,谓语用单数。

但是,当each放并列主语之后作同位语时,谓语不受影响。

6.由both…and连接两个并列主语时,谓语用复数。

7.由notonly…but(also),not…but,either…or,neither..nor,or连接主语时,谓语的数根据就近原则而定。

8.在疑问句或主谓倒装句子中,谓语与前一个主语一致。

9.由疑问副词并列构成的主语从句,不管疑问词有多少,谓语一律用单数。

专项练习

1.WritingstoriesandpoemswhatIenjoymost.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

2.Thefactorydirectorandchiefengineeranexperiencedperson.

A.isB.areC.amD.was

3.NotonlyyouandIbutPeter,thetopstudentinourgradenotabletosolvetheproblem.

A.areB.wereC.isD.am

4.NeitherJanenorherbrothersaconsentformfortomorrow'sfieldtrip.

A.needB.needsC.isneedingD.hasneed

5.Todaythereanumberoftelephonecallsfromtheapplicationsfortheposition.

A.havebeenB.ishavingC.hasbeenD.aretohave

6.Manyaboytoswimbeforehecanread.

A.learnB.arelearningC.havelearntD.learns

7.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansocietytoalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.

A.needB.needsC.hasaneedD.haveaneed

8.Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusethetoolsthat.

A.makehimascientistB.madehimtobeascientist

C.makehimtobescientistD.makeshimascientist

9.Theplaywriteranddirectorpromisedtoattendourteaparty.

A.haveB.hasC.areD.is

10.ThepremierandtheForeignMinisterpresentatthestatebanquetlastnight.

A.areB.wasC.wereD.hada

11.Everypolicemanandfiremanonthealert.

A.havebeenB.wasC.areD.were

12.Thelinebackerandcaptainoftheteamthemostvaluableplayer.

A.havebeenselectedB.hasbeenselected

C.haveselectedD.hasselected

13.eitherheorhisaccountantsgoingtoclaimfortheloss?

A.AreB.WereC.IsD.Does

14.Therenotonlytheearthbutalsoeightotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.

A.areB.wereC.isD.was

15.Eitheryourteacheroryoumistaken.

A.areB.isC.hasD.be

16.NotonlyIbutTomandMaryfondofwatchingtelevision.

A.amB.isC.areD.be

17.BaconandscrambledeggsthestandardAmericanbreakfast.

A.isB.areC.istobeD.aretobe

18.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.

A.hasnotbeendecidedB.aretodecide

C.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided

19.ItisnotIbutMr.Greenwhoinchargeofthecompany.

A.isB.amC.areD.will

20.Theeditorandwritertojoinourseminar.

A.istobeinvitedB.aretobeinvited

C.istoinviteD.aretoinvite

 

Keys:

1-5AACAA6-10DBDBC11-15BBCCA16-20CBAAA

 

ii.名词作主语

1.形式是单数,意义是复数的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

如:

people,cattle,police,youth等。

2.单复同形的集体名词作主语,如:

group,class,team,family,nation,population,public,party,crew,company,union,staff,couple,committee,crowd,firm,orchestra等,根据意义一致原则决定谓语的数。

3.Chinese,French,mathematlcs,statistics,electronics,economics,politics,linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。

Chinese,Japanese,French,English表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。

4.works(工厂),means(方法),series(系列),deer(鹿),sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。

5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

如trousers,glasses,scissors,pants等。

如果这些词与apairof,acoupleof连用,动词的数与pair,couple的数保持一致。

6.clothes,goods,wages,stairs,taxes,earnings,belongings,savings,leavings作复数用,其后面的谓语动词要用复数。

7.news,muslc,equipment,luggage,information,furniture,advice,progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

专项练习

1.Thenewsagreatblowtoherwhensheheardit.

A.isB.areC.wereD.was

2.Thecrewstandingindifferentpartsoftheshipatthatmoment.

A.isB.areC.wereD.was

3.Mathematicsaveryimportantsubject.

A.wasB.isC.areD.were

4.Thegovernmenthopingtomaketheirfindingsknownsoon.

A.isB.hasbeenC.areD.be

5.Thecommitteeamongthemselvesforfouryears.

A.hasbeenarguingB.hasbeenargued

C.havebeenarguingD.havebeenargued

6.Theauxiliarypolicetoreportfordutyattheheadquarters.

A.arerequiredB.requiredC.isrequiredD.willrequired

7.Politicsoneofthesubjectsthattaughtinthemiddleschool.

A.are...areB.is...areC.shall...isD.were...are

 

Keys:

1-5DCBCC6-7AB

 

iii.复数形式的专有名词作主语

1.表示国家、城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。

2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用,作主语时谓语动词用复数。

3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。

4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。

专项练习

1.TheUnitedNationsinNewYorkCity.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

2.ThePhilippinesinthePacificOcean.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

3.His"selectedpoems"firstpublishedin1957.

A.isB.wasC.areD.were

4.My"Times"lostyesterday

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

5.TheSmithstoAmericaonholiday.

A.areB.havegoneC.goesD.hasgone

 

Keys:

1-5AABCB

 

iv.“名词+短语”作主语

1.主语后带有aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。

注意:

“morethan+名词”作主语,谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。

2.主语之后带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto,accompaniedby,without,plus等介词短语时,谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。

专项练习

1.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschoolabroadtostudymedicinelastyear.

A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent

2.Asiaaswellasothercontinentsveryrichinnaturalresources.

A.hasB.haveC.areD.is

3.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.

A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking

4.Theteachertogetherwithherstudentspartoftheweekinthelaboratory.

A.workB.havetoworkC.worksD.worked

5.Mathematicsaswellasphysicsalwaysmealotofheadaches.

A.hascausedB.carcausingC.causeD.causes

6.NobodybutSmithandJohninthelabyesterday.

A.areB.hadbeenC.wereD.was

7.Iturntoyouasmyhope.Ifyoufailme,thenmyhonoraswellasmypositionforeverlost.

A.beB.areC.isD.was

8.Janetaswellastheotheryoungpeoplewhosentabroadbythegovernmentbroughtupinthesmalltown.

A.was...wasB.was...wereC.were...wereD.were...was

9.Mary,alongwithherparents,toParis.

A.havemovedB.hasmoved

C.aremovingD.havebeenmoving

10.Thepresident,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter,toarriveontheeveningflight.

A.willbeB.isC.aregoingD.are

11.Nobodybutyouwhathehassaid.

A.agreetoB.agreestoC.agreewithD.agreeswith

12.E-mailaswellastelephonemoreandmorepopularindailycommunication.

A.havebecomeB.becomeC.arebecomingD.isbecoming

13.Theaudience,aswellasthechairman,deeplymovedbythespeechbeinggivenbytheteacher.

A.wasB.wereC.areD.is

 

Keys:

1-5BACCD6-10DCDBB11-13DDB

 

v.what从句作主语

1.一般来说,按照语法一致原则,谓语动词要用单数形式。

2.what从句中动词是并列谓语,表示复数意义,主句中的谓语动词用复数。

3.what从句作主语,有时候主句的谓语动词与从句表语一致。

如果主句的表语是复数,主句谓语动词用复数,否则用单数。

专项练习

1.Whatwelacktodaysteelandconcrete.

A.wasB.wereC.areD.is

2.Whattheyhavedoneusefultothepeople.

A.areconsideredB.isconsidered

C.havebeenconsideredD.willbeconsidered

3.Whatthemansaidundertheoathbyseveralotherwitnesses.

A.wasdisputedB.weredisputedC.disputedD.bedisputed

4.WhatI'minneedofmoney.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

5.Whathewantstogetsomebooks.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

 

Keys:

1-5DBAAB

 

vi.定语从句中的主谓一致

1.一般情况下,关系代词作从句主语时,从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致。

2.集体名词作先行词,被视作一个整体时,关系代词用which,从句谓语用单数;被视作若干个体的组合时,用who作关系代词,谓语动词用复数;常见的集体名词有:

family,audience,class,club,government,union,staff,team,couple,committee,crow,firm,public,orchestra,company等。

3.先行词是“oneof十复数名词”时,从句谓语动词用复数。

如果先行词是“theright/justthe/theonly/thevery/exactlythe+oneof+复数名词”时,谓语动词用单数。

4.强调句型中,形式主语it后总是接单数is/was;强调主语时,从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数保持一致。

专项练习

1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraised.

A.wereB.wasC.hasD.havebeen

2.HeistheonlyoneofthebrighteststudentswhofromNewYorkUniversity.

A.isgraduatedB.havegraduated

C.hasgraduatedD.aregraduated

3.Hereisamessageofimportancetoeverymanandwomanwho.

A.votesB.voteC.havevotedD.isvoted

4.Heisoneofthespeakerswhoideasperfectlyclear.

A.makehisB.makeshisC.maketheirD.makeone's

5.EachoneofuswhonowlivinginthiscityisdestinedtowitnesstheremarkableOlympicGames.

A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.are

6.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepostintheoffice.

A.arebeinginterviewedB.willinterviewed

C.areinterviewedD.tobeinterviewed

7.ItisnotIbutMr.Greenwhoisinchargeofthecompany.

A.isB.amC.areD.will

8.I,whoyoursincerefriend,haveneverdoubtedthereasonyouwerelateformybirthdayparty.

A.is...whyB.am...which

C.am...whyD.usedto...which

9.Mr.Brownistheonlyoneofourregularcustomerswhotopayincash.

A.likeB.haslikedC.likesD.isliked

10.Themuseumhepaidavisitattheendofthestreet.

A.isstandingB.liesC.standsD.why

 

Keys:

1-5BCACA6-10AACCC

 

vii.其他情况

1.当名词中心词为表示度量、时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量等复数名词作主语,表示一个整体概念时,谓语动词用单数,强调个体意义时谓语动词用复数。

2.当主语由“all/some/any/enough/most/percent/half+of+名词”构成时,谓语动词的词的数保持一致。

当all,some,a

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