高一英语 11主谓一致专项训练教师辅导讲义教案.docx
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高一英语11主谓一致专项训练教师辅导讲义教案
教师辅导讲义
辅导科目:
英语年级:
高一 课时数:
3
课题
主谓一致专项训练
教学目标
通过专项合训练,巩固梳理倒装句用法,掌握其重要考点及运用。
教学内容
Step1.Greetings&Freetalk
Istheresomethinginterestingorimportantthisweek?
Step2.Assignmentschecking&Revision
1.错题重现
2.重点知识回顾
Step3.按考点分类练习
i.并列主语的主谓一致
1.主谓一致的三原则
1)语法一致的原则:
主语和谓语的数在语法形式上是一致的。
2)就近原则:
谓语动词与离其最近的主语在数上保持一致。
3)意义一致的原则:
在意义上主语和谓语动词的单复数是保持一致的。
2.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
但当并列主语指的是同一人或物、同一事情或同一概念时,动词用单数形式。
常见的指同一人或事物的并列主语有:
cartandhorse,warandpeace,needleandthread,
coffeeandmilk,breadandbutter,lawandorder,watchandchain,ironandsteel,forkandknife,allworkandnoplay,scienceandtechnology,truthandhonesty等。
3.冠词在并列主语中的用法
1)在“并列修饰语+单数名词”结构中,并列主语指同一人或事物时共用一个冠词,主语为单数。
2)and连接两个带冠词的名词时,主语为复数,指不同的人或事物。
4.当结构是and+not时,谓语与and前的主语一致。
5.当and连接的并列主语前分别由each,every,no,manya等修饰时,谓语用单数。
但是,当each放并列主语之后作同位语时,谓语不受影响。
6.由both…and连接两个并列主语时,谓语用复数。
7.由notonly…but(also),not…but,either…or,neither..nor,or连接主语时,谓语的数根据就近原则而定。
8.在疑问句或主谓倒装句子中,谓语与前一个主语一致。
9.由疑问副词并列构成的主语从句,不管疑问词有多少,谓语一律用单数。
专项练习
1.WritingstoriesandpoemswhatIenjoymost.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
2.Thefactorydirectorandchiefengineeranexperiencedperson.
A.isB.areC.amD.was
3.NotonlyyouandIbutPeter,thetopstudentinourgradenotabletosolvetheproblem.
A.areB.wereC.isD.am
4.NeitherJanenorherbrothersaconsentformfortomorrow'sfieldtrip.
A.needB.needsC.isneedingD.hasneed
5.Todaythereanumberoftelephonecallsfromtheapplicationsfortheposition.
A.havebeenB.ishavingC.hasbeenD.aretohave
6.Manyaboytoswimbeforehecanread.
A.learnB.arelearningC.havelearntD.learns
7.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansocietytoalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.
A.needB.needsC.hasaneedD.haveaneed
8.Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusethetoolsthat.
A.makehimascientistB.madehimtobeascientist
C.makehimtobescientistD.makeshimascientist
9.Theplaywriteranddirectorpromisedtoattendourteaparty.
A.haveB.hasC.areD.is
10.ThepremierandtheForeignMinisterpresentatthestatebanquetlastnight.
A.areB.wasC.wereD.hada
11.Everypolicemanandfiremanonthealert.
A.havebeenB.wasC.areD.were
12.Thelinebackerandcaptainoftheteamthemostvaluableplayer.
A.havebeenselectedB.hasbeenselected
C.haveselectedD.hasselected
13.eitherheorhisaccountantsgoingtoclaimfortheloss?
A.AreB.WereC.IsD.Does
14.Therenotonlytheearthbutalsoeightotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.
A.areB.wereC.isD.was
15.Eitheryourteacheroryoumistaken.
A.areB.isC.hasD.be
16.NotonlyIbutTomandMaryfondofwatchingtelevision.
A.amB.isC.areD.be
17.BaconandscrambledeggsthestandardAmericanbreakfast.
A.isB.areC.istobeD.aretobe
18.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.
A.hasnotbeendecidedB.aretodecide
C.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided
19.ItisnotIbutMr.Greenwhoinchargeofthecompany.
A.isB.amC.areD.will
20.Theeditorandwritertojoinourseminar.
A.istobeinvitedB.aretobeinvited
C.istoinviteD.aretoinvite
Keys:
1-5AACAA6-10DBDBC11-15BBCCA16-20CBAAA
ii.名词作主语
1.形式是单数,意义是复数的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如:
people,cattle,police,youth等。
2.单复同形的集体名词作主语,如:
group,class,team,family,nation,population,public,party,crew,company,union,staff,couple,committee,crowd,firm,orchestra等,根据意义一致原则决定谓语的数。
3.Chinese,French,mathematlcs,statistics,electronics,economics,politics,linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。
Chinese,Japanese,French,English表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。
4.works(工厂),means(方法),series(系列),deer(鹿),sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。
5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如trousers,glasses,scissors,pants等。
如果这些词与apairof,acoupleof连用,动词的数与pair,couple的数保持一致。
6.clothes,goods,wages,stairs,taxes,earnings,belongings,savings,leavings作复数用,其后面的谓语动词要用复数。
7.news,muslc,equipment,luggage,information,furniture,advice,progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
专项练习
1.Thenewsagreatblowtoherwhensheheardit.
A.isB.areC.wereD.was
2.Thecrewstandingindifferentpartsoftheshipatthatmoment.
A.isB.areC.wereD.was
3.Mathematicsaveryimportantsubject.
A.wasB.isC.areD.were
4.Thegovernmenthopingtomaketheirfindingsknownsoon.
A.isB.hasbeenC.areD.be
5.Thecommitteeamongthemselvesforfouryears.
A.hasbeenarguingB.hasbeenargued
C.havebeenarguingD.havebeenargued
6.Theauxiliarypolicetoreportfordutyattheheadquarters.
A.arerequiredB.requiredC.isrequiredD.willrequired
7.Politicsoneofthesubjectsthattaughtinthemiddleschool.
A.are...areB.is...areC.shall...isD.were...are
Keys:
1-5DCBCC6-7AB
iii.复数形式的专有名词作主语
1.表示国家、城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
专项练习
1.TheUnitedNationsinNewYorkCity.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
2.ThePhilippinesinthePacificOcean.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
3.His"selectedpoems"firstpublishedin1957.
A.isB.wasC.areD.were
4.My"Times"lostyesterday
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
5.TheSmithstoAmericaonholiday.
A.areB.havegoneC.goesD.hasgone
Keys:
1-5AABCB
iv.“名词+短语”作主语
1.主语后带有aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
注意:
“morethan+名词”作主语,谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。
2.主语之后带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto,accompaniedby,without,plus等介词短语时,谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。
专项练习
1.Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschoolabroadtostudymedicinelastyear.
A.sentB.weresentC.hadsentD.hadbeensent
2.Asiaaswellasothercontinentsveryrichinnaturalresources.
A.hasB.haveC.areD.is
3.ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.
A.workB.workingC.isworkingD.areworking
4.Theteachertogetherwithherstudentspartoftheweekinthelaboratory.
A.workB.havetoworkC.worksD.worked
5.Mathematicsaswellasphysicsalwaysmealotofheadaches.
A.hascausedB.carcausingC.causeD.causes
6.NobodybutSmithandJohninthelabyesterday.
A.areB.hadbeenC.wereD.was
7.Iturntoyouasmyhope.Ifyoufailme,thenmyhonoraswellasmypositionforeverlost.
A.beB.areC.isD.was
8.Janetaswellastheotheryoungpeoplewhosentabroadbythegovernmentbroughtupinthesmalltown.
A.was...wasB.was...wereC.were...wereD.were...was
9.Mary,alongwithherparents,toParis.
A.havemovedB.hasmoved
C.aremovingD.havebeenmoving
10.Thepresident,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter,toarriveontheeveningflight.
A.willbeB.isC.aregoingD.are
11.Nobodybutyouwhathehassaid.
A.agreetoB.agreestoC.agreewithD.agreeswith
12.E-mailaswellastelephonemoreandmorepopularindailycommunication.
A.havebecomeB.becomeC.arebecomingD.isbecoming
13.Theaudience,aswellasthechairman,deeplymovedbythespeechbeinggivenbytheteacher.
A.wasB.wereC.areD.is
Keys:
1-5BACCD6-10DCDBB11-13DDB
v.what从句作主语
1.一般来说,按照语法一致原则,谓语动词要用单数形式。
2.what从句中动词是并列谓语,表示复数意义,主句中的谓语动词用复数。
3.what从句作主语,有时候主句的谓语动词与从句表语一致。
如果主句的表语是复数,主句谓语动词用复数,否则用单数。
专项练习
1.Whatwelacktodaysteelandconcrete.
A.wasB.wereC.areD.is
2.Whattheyhavedoneusefultothepeople.
A.areconsideredB.isconsidered
C.havebeenconsideredD.willbeconsidered
3.Whatthemansaidundertheoathbyseveralotherwitnesses.
A.wasdisputedB.weredisputedC.disputedD.bedisputed
4.WhatI'minneedofmoney.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
5.Whathewantstogetsomebooks.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
Keys:
1-5DBAAB
vi.定语从句中的主谓一致
1.一般情况下,关系代词作从句主语时,从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致。
2.集体名词作先行词,被视作一个整体时,关系代词用which,从句谓语用单数;被视作若干个体的组合时,用who作关系代词,谓语动词用复数;常见的集体名词有:
family,audience,class,club,government,union,staff,team,couple,committee,crow,firm,public,orchestra,company等。
3.先行词是“oneof十复数名词”时,从句谓语动词用复数。
如果先行词是“theright/justthe/theonly/thevery/exactlythe+oneof+复数名词”时,谓语动词用单数。
4.强调句型中,形式主语it后总是接单数is/was;强调主语时,从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数保持一致。
专项练习
1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhopraised.
A.wereB.wasC.hasD.havebeen
2.HeistheonlyoneofthebrighteststudentswhofromNewYorkUniversity.
A.isgraduatedB.havegraduated
C.hasgraduatedD.aregraduated
3.Hereisamessageofimportancetoeverymanandwomanwho.
A.votesB.voteC.havevotedD.isvoted
4.Heisoneofthespeakerswhoideasperfectlyclear.
A.makehisB.makeshisC.maketheirD.makeone's
5.EachoneofuswhonowlivinginthiscityisdestinedtowitnesstheremarkableOlympicGames.
A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.are
6.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepostintheoffice.
A.arebeinginterviewedB.willinterviewed
C.areinterviewedD.tobeinterviewed
7.ItisnotIbutMr.Greenwhoisinchargeofthecompany.
A.isB.amC.areD.will
8.I,whoyoursincerefriend,haveneverdoubtedthereasonyouwerelateformybirthdayparty.
A.is...whyB.am...which
C.am...whyD.usedto...which
9.Mr.Brownistheonlyoneofourregularcustomerswhotopayincash.
A.likeB.haslikedC.likesD.isliked
10.Themuseumhepaidavisitattheendofthestreet.
A.isstandingB.liesC.standsD.why
Keys:
1-5BCACA6-10AACCC
vii.其他情况
1.当名词中心词为表示度量、时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量等复数名词作主语,表示一个整体概念时,谓语动词用单数,强调个体意义时谓语动词用复数。
2.当主语由“all/some/any/enough/most/percent/half+of+名词”构成时,谓语动词的词的数保持一致。
当all,some,a