131学期大学英语三复习题.docx

131学期大学英语三复习题.docx

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131学期大学英语三复习题

大学英语（三）复习题

一、阅读理解

Passage1

IfyouwatchthenewsinBritainorlookataBritishnewspaperatthemoment,atermyouaremorethanlikelytocomeacrossis"creditcrunch".Ithasbecomeabitofabuzzword,butwhatdoesitmean?

Well,it'safinancialtermanditmeansthatpeopleinBritainarefeelingthepinchrightnow.Acreditcrunchmeansbankshaveashortageofmoneytoloanpeople,whichitturnhasaneffectonmanyotherthings.It'stheeffectthisshortageofmoneyhasthatiscalledthecreditcrunch.

ThebeginningsofthisproblemcanbetracedbacktoAmerica,wherepeoplewithapoorcredithistorywereallowedtotakeoutmortgages（抵押贷款）,whichtheywereunabletorepay.

Banksoftenlendmoneytoandborrowmoneyfromeachother,somethingwemightnothaverealizedtheyactuallydo.ItwascertainlycheaperforbanksinAmericatogetmoneyinthiswaythantoborrow

Alotoftheseloans（thatpeoplewere"unabletopayback）weresoldontootherbanks,manyofthemintheUK,Asbanksdidnotknowthelevelofdebttheywereacquiring,theynolongerwantedtolendmoneytoorborrowmoneyfromotherbanks,Thereisnowlessmovementofmoneybetweenbanksandthereforeashortageofavailablemoney.

Banksandotherfinancialinstitutionshavetocompensateforthisbyincreasingfeesandratesonproductssuchasmortgages,loansandcreditcards,Consequently,theaveragemanonthestreetisaffectedasitisharderforthemtoborrowmoneywiththeseincreasedrates.

1.Fromwhichcountrydid"thecreditcrunch"start?

A.Britain.B.America.C.TheUK.D.Canada.

2.Itwas__forbanksinAmericatogetmoneyfromotherbanksthanfromAmerica'sFederalReserve.

A.moreexpensiveB.moreconvenientC.cheaperD.easier

3.Thebanksandfinancialinstitutionstrytosolvetheproblem__byincreasingfeesandratesonproductssuchasmortgages,loansandcreditcards.

A.thattheylackinavailablemoneyB.thattheyhavemoremoneytheyneed

C.thatdebtsareunabletomeetD.thattheyhavetoomanyloans

4.WhydidAmericanbanksnolongerwanttolendmoneytoorborrowmoneyfromotherbanks?

A.Becausetheydidn'thaveenoughmoney.

B.Becausetheycouldnotrepaythedebts.

C.Becausetheywantedtoborrowmoneyinotherways.

D.Becausetheydidn'tknowhowmanydebtstheywouldget.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout"creditcrunch"isNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ithasbecomeapopularterm.

B.ItmeansBritishpeoplearerealizingthedifficultiestheyencounter

C.Ithasnothingtodowiththeaveragepeople'slife.

D.Itmeansbanksdon'thaveenoughmoneytoloanpeople.

Passage2

Inthelate1960s,manypeopleinNorthAmericaturnedtheirattentiontoenvironmentalproblems,andnewsteelandglassskyscraperswerewidelycriticized.

Ecologistspointoutthatclusteroftallbuildingsinacityoftenoverburdenpublictransportationandparkinglotcapacities.Skyscrapersarealsolavishconsumersandwastersofelectricpower.Inrecentyears,theadditionof17millionsquarefeetofskyscraperofficespaceinNewYorkCityraisedthepeakdaffydemandforelectricityby120000kilowattsenoughtosupplytheentirecityofAlbany.NewYork,foraday.

Glass-walledskyscraperscanbeespeciallywasteful.Theheatlossthroughawallofhalf-inchplateglassismorethantentimesthatthroughatypicalmasonrywallfilledwithinsulationboard.Tolessenthestreamonheatingandair-conditioningequipment,buildersofskyscrapershavebeguntousedouble-glazedpanelsofglass,andreflectiveglassescoatedwithsilverorgoldmirrorfilmsthatreduceglareaswellasheatgain.However,mirrorwalledskyscrapersraisethetemperatureofsurroundingairandaffectneighboringbuildings.

Skyscrapersputaseverestrainonacity'ssanitationfacilities,too.

Iffullyoccupied,twoWorldTradeCentertowersinNewYorkCitywouldalonegenerate2.25milliongallonsofrawsewageeachyear--asmuchasacitythesizeofStanford,Connecticut,whichhasapopulationofmorethan109000.

1.Theissueofsteel-and-glassskyscrapershasbeenunderpeople'sconsiderationfor

A.morethan5decadesB.morethan4decades

C.lessthan4decadesD.wedon'tknow

2.Manytallbuildingsmayexertnegativeinfluenceonthesupplyof

A.electricpowerB.waterC.soilD.freshair

3.Theauthorappliestoprovehowskyscrapersputaseverestrainonacity'ssanitationfacilities.

A.ametaphorB.acontrastC.asimileD.anirony

4.Whichofthefollowingsdoesnotneedtolessenthestrainputbyskyscrapers?

A.Heatingandair-conditioningequipment.

B.Sanitationfacilities.

C.Publictransportation.

D.Entertainingsites.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorholdsa（n）attitudetowardsthebuildingofskyscrapers.

A.negativeB.positiveC.indifferentD.Active

Passage3

AndrewCarnegie,knownastheKingofSteel,builtthesteelindustryintheUnitedStates,and,intheprocess,becameoneofthewealthiestmeninAmerica.

Hissuccessresultedinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproductandinpartfromhispolicyofexpandingduringperiodsofeconomicdecline,whenmostofhiscompetitorswerereducingtheirinvestments.Carnegiebelievedthatindividualsshouldprogressthroughhardwork,buthealsofeltstronglythatthewealthyshouldusetheirfortunesforthebenefitofsociety.Heopposedcharity,preferringinsteadtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesthatwouldallowotherstohelpthemselves."Hewhodiesrich,diesdisgraced,"heoftensaid.

   Amonghismorenoteworthycontributionstosocietyarethosethatbearhisname,includingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburgh,whichhasalibrary,amuseumoffinearts,andamuseumofnationalhistory.HealsofoundedaschooloftechnologythatisnowpartofCarnegie-MellonUniversity.OtherphilanthropicgiftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeacetopromoteunderstandingbetweennations,theCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearch,andCarnegieHalltoprovideacenterforthearts.

   FewAmericanshavebeenleftuntouchedbyAndrewCarnegie'sgenerosity.Hiscontributionsofmorethanfivemilliondollarsestablished2,500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughoutthecountryandformedthenucleusofthepubliclibrarysystemthatweallenjoytoday.

1.WhoisAndrewCarnegie?

A.Thekingofsteel.B.Heisthekingofautomobile.

C.Heisthekingofcoal.D.Heisthekingofpetrol.

2.Whyishesosuccessful?

A.Hissuccessresultsinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproduct.

B.Hissuccessresultsinpartfromhispolicyofexpanding.

C.Hissuccessresultsinhisgoodfortune.

D.BothAandB.

3.Whatishisattitudetowardsthosepeoplewhodierich?

A.ObjectiveB.PositiveC.IndifferentD.Negative

4.Whydidhebuildsomanypublicinstitutions,includingschools,museum,librariesetc.?

A.Becausehewantedtogainhimselfafame.

B.Becausehehadtoomuchmoney.

C.Becausehewantedtomakecontributionstothesociety.

D.Becausethegovernmentforcedhimtodoso.

5.Howmanylibrariesdidheestablish?

A.2500B.3500C.2150D.2510

Passage4

WatchingTVisaverypopularpastimeintheUK,butwhatkindofprogramsdoBritishpeopleliketowatch?

Well,themost-watchedTVprogramseveryweekareverypopulardramasthatareusuallyonatleastfourtimeseveryweek.TheyaredramasbasedononeneighborhoodthattrytodepictordinarylifeintheUK-wecallthesedramas“soapoperas”or“soaps”.

IntheearlydaysofTV,therewereoftendramasonduringtheday.Backinthosedays,itwastraditionalforthehusbandtogoouttoworkandforthewifetostayhomeandlookafterthehouseandthechildren.Mostofthesedaytimedramaswereaimedatentertainingthehousewiveswhowouldtraditionallybeathome,probablydoingthewashing.Companiessellingwashingpowerwouldadvertisetheirproductsattimeswhenthesedramaswereon,andsometimesthosecompanieswouldevensponsorthedrama.Hencetheword“soap”cameintouse.

Sowhatabouttheword“opera”?

Well,that’sbecausethesedramasareoftenanexaggerationofreallife.Theyaresupposedtorepresentordinarylivesbuttomakethementertaining,lotsofdramaticeventsregularlythantheywouldinanormalneighborhood.

Mostsoapoperasthesedaysareshownintheevening.Eachshowwillhaveseveraldifferentstorylineshappeningatoncethatcontinueoverseveralshows.Thesamecastmemberswillappearineveryshowtoo.

1.WhatkindofprogramsdoBritishpeoplewatchmost?

A.RealityTVs.B.Talkshows.

C.Situationalcomedies.D.Soapoperas

2.Whomaresoapoperasfor?

A.ChildrenB.HousewivesC.HusbandsD.Theold

3.Wheredidsoapoperagetitsname?

A.Companiessellingwashingpower

B.Peoplewholiketowashclothes.

C.Thesoapchildrenusedtoplaywith

D.Apersonwhomadesoaps.

4.Wheredidthestoryofasoapoperacomefrom?

A.Literatureworks.B.People’simagination.

CReallifeD.People’sexperience

5．Whenarethedramasonnowadays?

A.DuringthedayB.IntheeveningC.AftermidnightD.BothAandB

Passage5

AfederalprogramintheUnitedStatescalledReadingFirsthasreceivedonebilliondollarshasgonetoschoolsystemstogetthemtousescientificallybasedwaystoteachreading.Thegoalishelpallchildrenreadatorabovegradelevelbytheendofthethirdgrade.

TheBushadministration’seducationlaw,theNoChildleftBehindActof2001,establishedReadingFirst.Now,theDepartmentofEducationhasreleasedfindingsfromastudyoftheprogram.

Onaverage,teachersusingitincreasedthetimetheytaughtreadingskillslikephonicsandvocabu