初三复习.docx
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初三复习
练习
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式通常由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。
动词不定式在句中可以做作主语、状语、表语、宾语、后置定语和宾语补足语(即可以作除谓语以外的任何句子成分)。
如:
作主语:
Toeatthereischeapandsavestime.
TostudyEnglishisveryimportant.
动词不定式作主语时一般可以转换成it句型。
如上述两句可以转换成:
Itischeapandsavestimetoeatthere.
ItisveryimportanttostudyEnglish.
作状语:
Tovisittheworld-famousOperaHouse,youmustgotoSydney.(目的状语)
Icameheretoaskyouaquestion.(目的状语)
Gladtoseeyou.(原因状语)
I’msorrytohearthat.(原因状语)
作表语:
Manychildren’slifedreaminBritainistostudyatoneofthefamousmusicschools.
Mydreamistobeadoctor.
作后置定语:
Australiaisaveryniceplacetogoto.
Ihavealotofworktodotoday.
作宾语:
Therobotsbegantomoveback.
Idecidedtotravelalone.
不定式经常与疑问词连用作宾语。
如:
Couldyoutellmewhattodo?
Pleaseshowmehowtogetthere.
Ican’tdecidewhichonetochoose.
作宾语补足语:
Shewantsustostay.
MrBlackaskedmetofinishitbeforeWednesday.
如果不定式在see,watch,hear,find,listento等表示感觉的动词或make,let等表示“致使”的动词后面作宾语补足语,不定式前面的to须省略。
如:
Didyouseehimgoout?
Ioftenhearhersingathome.
Hemadethemstayfortea.
Letthemgo.
如果不定式是在help后面作宾语补足语,带不带to都可以。
如:
Couldyouhelpme(to)carrythisheavybox?
不定式的否定形式是在to前面加not。
Itriednottobelate.
Heaskedmenottogoaway.
有些固定搭配不带不定式符号to:
a)在情态动词之后
如:
Youmusthandinyourexercisestomorrow.
但有些词比较特殊,如need既可以用作情态动词又可以用作行为动词。
作情态动词时后跟不带to的不定式,作行为动词时跟带to的不定式:
Weneedn’tworkthisevening.(作情态动词)
Wedon’tneedtoworkthisevening.(作行为动词)
Needweworkthisevening?
(作情态动词)
Doweneedtoworkthisevening?
(作行为动词)
b)在hadbetter和wouldrather之后
如:
You’dbetterarrivethereassoonaspossible.
TheysaidtheywouldrathergoandstaywithJane’sgrandfather.
c)在使役动词make,let等之后
如:
Wecan’tletthisgoon.
d)在感觉动词see,watch,notice,hear等之后
如:
Ididn'thearyousaythat.
e)在“Why/Whynot…?
”之后
如:
Whyagreewithhim?
WhynotgiveMarysomeflowers?
不带to的不定式其否定式在动词原形前面加not。
如:
You’dbetternotcry.
Theywouldrathernotgo.
巩固练习:
用不定式翻译下列各句:
1)今晚我宁愿待在家里。
Iwouldrather________________________thisevening.
2)他叫我别为他担心。
Heasked_______________________________________him.
3)我计划去英国做一次飞机旅行。
I’mplanning________________aplanetriptoBritain.
4)有的时候与外国人相处并不难。
Sometimes________________onwithforeignersisnotdifficult.
Sometimes________________notdifficult________________withforeigners.
5)海伦说她的梦想是成为一名演员。
Helensaysherdreamis________________________actress.
6)为了赶上同班同学,他经常熬夜。
Heoften_________________________________________________hisclassmates.
7)你注意到那个男孩把钱包拿走了吗?
Didyounoticethatboy________________thepurse?
8)这间房足够我们三人住的。
Theroomisbigenoughforus________________________.
9)我不知道怎样做飞机模型。
Idon'tknowhow________________modelplanes.
10)你想喝点什么吗?
Wouldyoulikesomething________________?
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1)Nice________(see)you.
2)Ioftenwatchthem________(play)football.
3)Whynot________(try)iton?
4)Canyoutellmewhen________(leave)?
5)Heoftenhassports________(become)healthier.
6)Doesmyfatherneed________(go)withme?
7)Theydecided________(notwalk)there.
8)We’dbetter________(notmake)suchamistakeagain.
9)Ifinditveryinteresting________(play)chess.
10)WhataboutgoingtoShanghai?
There’llbealotofplaces________(go).
答案:
翻译:
1)stayathome2)menottoworryabout3)totake4)toget,itis,toget5)tobean6)staysuptocatchupwith7)takeaway8)tolivein9)tomake10)todrink
动词填空:
1)tosee2)play3)try4)toleave5)tobecome6)togo7)nottowalk8)notmake9)toplay10)togoto
补全对话
补全对话是情景交际题型的一个基本考察方式。
它主要是考察学生对日常生活英语的掌握和运用情况。
要想成功解决补全对话这一题型要做到这么几点:
一、仔细阅读提示,明确语境;二、根据试题所提供的信息回忆相关知识;三、答题时考虑上下文内容的前后呼应,切忌片面理解;四、善于运用所学的固定搭配及相关语法;五、复读全文,检查选词、拼写、语法等是否正确。
【中考题析】
A)根据对话内容与上下文,在空白处填入适当的词,使对话意思完整。
每空一词。
A:
Didyou___1___yourselfatthepartylastnight?
B:
Ofcourse.
A:
DidJohngothere,too?
B:
No.Hefelloffhisbikeand___2___hisleg.Hehadtostayinhospital___3___twoweeks.
A:
I’msorrytohearthat.Ihopehe’llbebettersoon.
B:
Thanksalot.___4___theway,I’mgoingtoseehimafterschool.Wouldyouliketogowithme?
A:
Sure.Whenand___5___shallwemeet?
B:
Whataboutfiveo’clockoutsidetheschoolgate?
A:
OK.Seeyouthen.
(2002桂林市中考题)
〖解题思路〗此对话主要考查了学生两方面的语言能力。
一是如何描述摔伤的同学;二是如何约人。
答案:
1.enjoy2.hurt/broke3.for4.By5.where
B)从所给七个选项中选出五个正确答句,完成下列对话,并将其序号填入右边的方框内。
AmanandawomanaretalkingatShanghaiHongqiaoAirport(飞机场).
Man:
Theairplanesarelate,aren’tthey?
Woman:
___1___Youneverexpectplanestobeontime.
Man:
Areyouworkinghereorareyouavisitor?
A.Twiceamonth.
B.Doyouthinkso?
C.Foronemonth.
D.DoyoulikeChinesefood?
E.Nicetalkingtoyou.
F.WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina
G.Yes,Ithinkso.
Woman:
Avisitorhere.
Man:
Howlonghaveyoubeenhere