南阳市最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案 3.docx

南阳市最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习附答案 3.docx

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南阳市最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习附答案3

南阳市最新版高考英语阅读理解专题练习（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．（2019•浙江）阅读理解

   Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor（因素）.

   Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.

   Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMclntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources（资源）.

   ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,Mclntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.

   Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt（融雪）.

   Sincethe1930s,Mclntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.

（1）Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A. Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.

B. TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.

C. ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.

D. TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.

（2）Whichofthefollowingiswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?

A. Ecologicalstudiesofforests.                           

B. Banningwoodcutting.

C. Limitinghousingdevelopment.                      

D. Firecontrolmeasures.

（3）WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMclntyre?

A. Inadequatesnowmelt.                                     

B. Alongerdryseason.

C. Awarmerclimate.                                            

D. Dampnessoftheair.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A. California'sForests:

WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?

B. CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoon.

C. WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?

D. PatrickMclntyre:

GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文，围绕加利福尼亚的大树从20世纪30年代以来大量减少为主题，探讨出现这一现象的原因。

（1）段落大意题。

第二段第一句Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests为主题句，意思是：

在4.6万平方英里的加利福尼亚的森林中，直径超过2英尺的树木的数量已经减少了50%。

所以本段主要介绍加州的树木损失的严重情况，故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。

题干中的well-intentioned意为“好意的”。

根据第三段描述：

伐木者对大树的砍伐、住房向森林里推进、对野火的控制使得小树与大树竞争资源都是导致大树减少的原因。

控制野火的初衷是保护森林，但是却导致大树得不到足够的资源而死亡。

故答案为D。

（3）细节理解题。

将watershortage 定位在第五段，而Mclntyre在最后一段，根据 thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair可知，导致水源紧张的是上升的温度，造成树木将更多的水分散失到空气中。

故答案为C。

（4）主旨大意题。

文章的第一句是本文的主题句，文章围绕加利福尼亚大量的大树死亡展开，对大树数量减少的原因进行研究。

故答案为A。

【点评】本文属于生态环保类文章，文章的首段第一句即为本文的主题句。

阅读是紧扣主旨，快速浏览文章内容。

答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位，然后分析关键词所在句子的信息。

2．阅读理解

   NhonLy,a55-year-oldVietnamese-bornprofessionalbodybuilderfromCaliforniahasbeenawardedthe"real-lifeMasterRoshi"forhisunbelievablesimilaritytothepopularDragonBallZanime（日本动漫）character.

   Lycertainlydoesn'tlooklikeanyothertypical55-year-oldman.Infact,helooksalotbetterthanmostguysintheir20s,withhislean（瘦且健康的）,strongmusclesandyouthfulattitude.Buthe'sabsolutelynottheonly50-somethingmanwhohasthestrongmuscleintheworld. WhatreallysetsNhonLyapartfromalltherestishisunbelievablesimilaritytoDragonBallZcharacterMasterRoshi,alsoknownastheTurtleHermit,inhis"finalform".AndheapparentlylikedthecomparisonsomuchthatheevensethisInstagramhandleas@master_roshi_real_life.

   AccordingtoMadnessMedia,LyimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesin1980,attheageof16.Hegotajobasapedicurist（修脚师）atanailsalon,andworkedhiswayuptosalonowner.Althoughhehasachievedsomuch,bodybuildinghasalwaysbeenhisbiggestlove.Hehascompetedinseveralprofessionalbodybuildingevents,withhismostnotableresultsbeingthe4thplaceatthe2011USChampionship,the7thplaceatthe2012edition,andthe5thplaceatthe2015Nationals.

   Evenat55,NhonLycontinuestotrainhardinthegyminordertokeephisMasterRoshilook.Healsolikestosharephotosandvideoswithhis40,000fans,manyofwhomareDragonBallZfans.Theyroutinelypostalargequantityofcomments,thankinghimfortrainingGoku,whoisthemaincharacterinDragonBallmedia,andaskinghimtotrainthemintheartofbodybuilding.

（1）WhyisNhonLycalled"real-lifeMasterRoshi"?

A. HelooksextremelysimilartoMasterRoshi.

B. HeisquitegoodattrainingpeoplelikeGoku.

C. HehasthesamelifestoriesasMasterRoshi.

D. HeholdsaspecialattitudetoDragonBallZ.

（2）HowdoesNhonLyfeelabouthis"newname"?

A. Hefindsittypicalyetsilly.                               

B. Hethinksitcanbepopular.

C. Heisfondofitverymuch.                              

D. Heconsidersitembarrassing.

（3）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeNhonLy?

A. Confidentandwealthy.                                    B. Creativeandambitious.

C. Athleticandhardworking.                               D. Healthyandgenerous.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A. SuccessComesFromContinuousEffortsandDreams

B. GreatAchievementsofanOldbutStillPositiveAthlete

C. UnbelievableLifeExperiencesofanAnimeCharacter

D. A55-year-oldManIsKnownforLookingLikeMasterRoshi

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，55岁的职业健美运动员尼汉·莱因其与流行的《龙珠Z》中的动画人物龟仙人看起来相像而被授予“现实生活版的龟仙人”的称号。

他看起来比20多岁的小伙子还要年轻健美，这源于他多年坚持不断的健身。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段”NhonLy,a55-year-oldVietnamese-bornprofessionalbodybuilderfromCaliforniahasbeenawardedthe“real-lifeMasterRoshi"forhisunbelievablesimilaritytothepopularDragonBallZ anime（日本动漫） character.“55岁的NhonLy是一名出生于越南的职业健美运动员，来自加利福尼亚。

他被授予“现实生活中的Roshi大师”称号，因为他和流行的龙珠Z动画人物有着令人难以置信的相似之处。

可知，尼汉·莱被授予“现实生活版的龟仙人”的称号是因为他与《龙珠Z》中的动画人物龟仙人极其相像。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“AndheapparentlylikedthecomparisonsomuchthatheevensethisInstagramhandleasCcOmaster_roshi_real_life.”他显然非常喜欢这种比较，甚至把自己的Instagram账号设为“roshi_real_life”。

可推断，尼汉·莱非常喜欢他的“新名字”。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Infact.helooksalotbetterthanmostguysintheir20s.withhislean，strongmusclesandyouthfulattitude.”事实上。

他看起来比大多数20多岁的年轻人好得多，肌肉结实，有年轻的态度。

；第三段中的“Hegotajobasapedicurist（修脚师）atanailsalon,andworkedhiswayuptosalonowner.”他在一家美甲沙龙找到了一份修脚师的工作，并一步步成为美甲沙龙的老板；以及第四段“Evenat55,NhonI_vcontinuestotrainhardinthegyminordertokeephisMasterRoshilook.“即使在55岁的时候，NhonI_v仍然在健身房刻苦训练，以保持他的Roshi大师的形象。

可推断，尼汉·莱体格健壮且勤奋。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了55岁的职业健美运动员尼汉·莱因其与流行的《龙珠Z》中的动面人物龟仙人看起来相像而被授予“现实生活版的龟仙人”的称号。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．（2019•全国Ⅲ）阅读理解

   Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.

   Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"-atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.

   Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible（butnoteasy）tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny-usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged-andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.

   Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"themanonthestreet"didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures（企业）wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.

（1）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?

A. Academic.                   

B. Unattractive.                   

C. Inexpensive.                   

D. Confidential.

（2）Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?

A. Theywouldbepricedhigher.                          

B. Theywoulddisappearfromcities.

C. Theycouldhavemorereader