美国文学练习.docx

美国文学练习.docx

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美国文学练习

Exercise1:

.Fillintheblanks.

1.ThemostenduringshapinginfluenceinAmericanthoughtandAmericanliteraturewas___AmericanPuritanism_______.

2.AmongthemembersofthesmallbandofJamestownsettlerswas__JohnSmith_______________,anEnglishsoldiersoffortune,whosereportsofexploration,publishedintheearly1600s,havebeendescribedasthefirstdistinctAmericanliteraturewritteninEnglish.

3.AlmostahundredyearsearliertheCaribbeanIslands,Mexico,andotherpartsofCentralandSouthAmericanwereoccupiedbythe_Spanish___________.

4.Theterm“Puritan”wasappliedtothosesettlerswhooriginallyweredevoutmembersoftheChurchof___England_____________.

5.__Harvard_______________Collegewasestablishedin1636,withaprintingpresssetupnearlyin1639.

6.AmongallthesettlersintheNewContinent,____English___________settlerswerethemostinfluential.

7.ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedat__Jamestown__________,Virginia.

8._JohnSmith____wasafamousexplorerandcolonist.HeestablishedJamestown.

9.Inthebook__ADescriptionofNewEnglandJohnSmithwrotethat“herenatureandlibertyaffordusthatfreelywhichinEnglandwewant,oritcostsupdearly.”

10.GeneralHistoryofVirginiacontainsSmith’smostfamoustaleofhowtheIndianprincessnamed__Pochahontassavedhimfromthewrathofherfather.

11.Hardwork,thrift,pietyandsobriety,thesewerethe__Puritan________valuesthatdominatedmuchoftheearlyAmericanwriting.

12.TheAmericanpoetswhoemergedinthe17thcenturyadaptedthestyleofestablishedEuropeanpoetstothesubjectmatterconfrontedinastrange,newenvironment.___Anne_______________Bradstreetwasonesuchpoet.

13.WilliamBradfordhimselfusedaword“__Pilgrims__”todescribethecommunityofbelieverswhosailedfromSouthampton,England,ontheMayflowerandsettledinPlymouth,Massachusettsin1620.

14.In1620,___WilliamBradford__waselectedGovernorofPlymouth,Massachusetts.

15.From1621untilhisdeath,___WilliamBradford_____________________probablypossessedmorepowerthananyothercolonialgovernor.

16.WilliamBradford’swork___Mayflower___consistsoftwobooks.ThefirstbookdealswiththepersecutionsoftheSeparatistsinScrooby,England,andthesecondbookdescribesthesigningofthe“Compact”.

17.TheHistoryofNewEnglandisapricelessgiftleftusby__JohnWinthrop_.

18.__CottonMatherwrotehismostimpressiveworkTheMagnaliaChristiAmerica.

19.ThePuritanphilosophyknownas__Puritanism__wasimportantinNewEnglandduringcolonialtime,andhadaprofoundinfluenceontheearlyAmericanmindforseveralgenerations.

20.ManyPuritanswroteverse,buttheworkoftwowriters,AnneBradstreetand__EdwardTaylor_,rosetothelevelofrealpoetry.

21.Beforehisdeath,__EdwardTaylorhadgainedapositionasAmerica’sfirstsystematicphilosopher.

22.TheTenthMuseLatelySprungUpinAmericaisacollectionofpoemscomposedby__AnneBradstreet.

23.____EdwardTaylor‘sbestverseistobefoundinaseriescalled“PreparatoryMeditations”.

24.LiteratureintheperiodofAmericanRevolutionwaspredominantly_public_________and_utilitarian_.

25.ThemorecharacteristicformsofwritingintheperiodofAmericanRevolutionincluded_essays_,__pamphlets_,and__politicaldocuments_.

26.__PhilipFreneau____wasperhapsthebestpoetoftheperiodofAmericanRevolution.

27.BenjaminFranklin’sbestwritingisfoundinhismasterpiece_Autobiography__.

29.ThomasPaine,withhisnaturalgiftforpamphleteeringandrebellion,wasappropriatelybornintoanageof__revolution__.

30.OnJanuary10.1776,ThomasPaine’sfamouspamphlet___CommonSenseappeared.

31.AseriesofsixteenpamphletsbyThomasPainewasentitled_TheAmericanCrisis__.

32.ThomasPaine’ssecondmostimportantwork___TheRightsofMan__wasanimpassionedpleaagainsthereditarymonarchy.

33._PhilipFreneau__hasbeencalledthe“FatheroftheAmericanPoetry”.

34.In1791,probablywithThomasJefferson’ssupport,FreneauestablishedinPhiladelphia“_theNationalGazette_”.

35.TheCalvinistbeliefsbroughtabouttheGreatAwakeningduringthe1730sand1740s.___JonathanEdward____wasthemostinfluentialamongthebelievers.

.Makemultiplechoices.

1.EnglishliteratureintheAmericaisonlyaboutmorethan___________yearsold.

A.500B.400C.200D.100

2.TheestablisherofJamestownwasthefamousexplorerandcolonist________.

A.JohnWinthropB.JohnSmith

C.WilliamBradfordD.JohnGoodwin

3.Thepuritandominatingvalueswere_______________.

A.hardworkB.thriftC.pietyD.sobriety

4.ChoosethosethatwerenamedafterEnglishmonarchofland.

A.GeorgiaB.NewYork

C.CarolinaD.NewHampshire

5.WhichstatementaboutCottonMatherisnottrue?

A.HewasagreatPuritanhistorian.

B.Hewasaninexhaustiblewriter.

C.Hewasaskillfulpreacherandaneminenttheologian.

D.HewasagraduateofOxfordCollege.

6.JonathanEdwards’bestandmostrepresentativesermonwas____________.

A.ATrueSightofSin

B.SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod

C.AModelofChristianCharity

D.God’sDeterminations

7.ThecommonthreadthroughoutAmericanliteraturehasbeentheemphasisonthe_________.

A.RevolutionismB.Reason

C.IndividualismD.Rationalism

8.From1622untilhisdeath,____________,oneofthegreatestofcolonialAmerican,wasreelectedthirtytimesasgovernor.

A.AnneBradstreetB.WilliamBradford

C.EdwardTaylorD.ThomasPaine

9._____________carriesthevoicenotofanindividualbutofawholepeople.ItismorethanwritingoftheRevolutionaryperiod,itdefinedthemeaningoftheAmericanRevolution.

A.CommonSense

B.TheAmericanCrisis

C.DeclarationofIndependence

D.DefenseoftheEnglishpeople

10.______________usuallywasregardedasthefirstAmericanwriter.

A.WilliamBradford

B.AnneBradstreet

C.EmilyDickinson

D.CaptainJohnSmith

11.AnneBradstreetwasaPuritanpoet.HerpoemsmadesuchastirinEnglandthatshebecameknownasthe“__________”whoappearedinAmerica

A.NinthMuseB.TenthMuse

C.BestMuseD.FirstMuse

12.Theship“__________”carriedaboutonehundredPilgrimsandtook66daystobeatitswayacrosstheAtlantic.InDecemberof1620,itputthePilgrimsashoreatPlymouth,Massachusetts.

A.SunflowerB.ArmadaC.MayflowerD.Pequod

13.From1733to1758,BenjaminFranklinwroteandpublishedhisfamous__________,anannualcollectionofproverbs.

A.TheAutobiography

B.PoorRichards’Almanac

C.CommonSense

D.TheGeneralMagazine

14.WhichisnotconnectedwithThomasPaine?

A.CommonSense

B.TheAmericanCrisis

C.TheRightsofMan

D.TheAutobiography

15.“Thesearethetimesthattrymen’ssouls”,thesewordswereoncereadtoWashington’stroopsanddidmuchtospurexcitementtofurtheractionwithhopeandconfident.Whoistheauthorofthesewords?

A.BenjaminFranklin

B.ThomasPaine

C.ThomasJefferson

D.GeorgeWashington

16.Whowasconsideredasthe“PoetofAmericanRevolution”?

A.AnneBradstreet

B.EdwardTaylor

C.MichaelWigglesworth

D.PhilipFreneau

17.ThesecularidealsoftheAmericanEnlightenmentwereexemplifiedinthelifeofandcareerof____________.

A.ThomasHoodB.BenjaminFranklin

C.ThomasJeffersonD.GeorgeWashington

18.ItwasnotuntilJanuary1776thatawidelyheardpublicvoicedemandedcompleteseparationfromEngland.Thevoicewasthatof____________,whosepamphletCommonSense,withitsheatedlanguage,increasedthegrowingdemandforseperation.

A.ThomasPaineB.ThomasJefferson

C.GeorgeWashingtonD.PatrickHenry

19.InAmericanliterature,the18thcenturywastheageoftheEnlightenmentand______________wasthedominantspirit.

A.HumanismB.RationalismC.RevolutionD.Evolution

20.AttheReasonandRevolutionPeriod,AmericanswereinfluencedbytheEuropeanmovementcalledthe_____________.

A.ChartistMovement

B.RomanticismMovement

C.Enlightenment

D.ModernistMovement

21.TheEnglishcoloniesinNorthAmericaroseinarmsagainsttheirparentcountryandtheContinentalCongressadopted____________in1776.

A.TheDeclarationofIndependence

B.theSugarAct

C.thStampAct

D.theMayflowerCompact

.Literaryterms

1.AmericanPuritanism2.AmericanDream

.Questions:

1.WhatkindofbookisPoorRichard’sAlmanac?

Whatqualitiesinthisbookareliterary?

HowdidFranklintransformsomeofthewell-knownproverbs?

2.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:

Thesearethetimesthattrymen’ssouls:

thesummersoldierandthesunshinepatriotwillinthiscrisis,shrinkfromtheserviceoftheircountry;buthethatstandsitnow,deservestheloveandthanksofmanandwoman.Tyranny,likehell,isnoteasilyconquered;yetwehavethisconsolationwithus,thatthehardertheconflict,themoregloriousthetriumph.Whatweobtaintoocheap,weesteemtoolightly–Thisdearnessonlythatgiveseverythingitsvalue.Heavenknowshowtoputproperpriceuponitsgoods.

1）Whichbookisthispassagetakenfrom?

2）Whoistheauthorofthisbook?

3）Whomistheauthorpraising?

Whomistheauthorcriticizing?

4）Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguage?

.FindtherelevantmatchfromcolumnBforeachitemincolumnA.

AB

1.（j）JohnSmitha.TheDeclarationofIndependence

2.（d）JohnWinthropb.TheTenthMuseLatelySprungupinAmerica

3.（f）WilliamBradfordc.SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod

4.（b）