份英语四级2.docx

份英语四级2.docx

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份英语四级2

　　作文题目：

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:

oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduateschool.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourchoice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

　　参考范文：

Upongraduation,virtuallyallcollegestudentswillconfronttheproblemofthecareerchoice，whichistrulyatoughchoice.Students'opinionsdiffergreatlyonthisissue.Someholdthatpriorityshouldbegiventotakeajob,butotherstaketheattitudethatgoingtoagraduateschoolisthemostcriticalfactorinfluencingtheirfuturecareerchoices.

　　Astomyself,Ipreferthelatterview.Ahighereducationalbackgroundexertsatremendousfascinationonagreatnumberofpeople,withnoexceptiontome.Thisphenomenonthatthegraduateshavedifficultiesinfindingjobaftertheirgraduationcaneasilybefoundanywhereinourdailylife,especiallyoncampus.Ontheonehand,withtheimprovedhigheducationofChinesecollegestudentswhichdirectlybroughttheresultthattherearemoreandmoregraduateseveryyear.Onthecontrary,jobvacanciesdon’tincreasethatfast.Morepeople,lessfood,whichistheexactdescriptionofthehardcondition.Ontheotherhand,moreandmorepeoplegoontopursuetheirmasteranddoctordegree;moreandmoreChineseoverseastudentscomebacktoChinatohuntbetterworkingchances.Itissurethatthecompetitionismoreandmorefierce.

　　Therefore,itishightimethatwetookeffectivemeasurestoimproveourowncompetitiveness.Thatisthesecretofsuccessinthefutureemploymentmarketafterourgraduation.

　　PartⅢReadingSectionA（卷二）

　　Theoceanisheatingup.That'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthatEarth'soceansnow（27）heatattwicetheratetheydid18yearsago.Aroundhalfofoceanheatintakesince1865hastakenplacesince1997,researchersreportonlineinNatureClimateChange.

　　Warmingwatersareknownto（28）tocoralbleaching（珊瑚白化）andtheytakeupmorespacethancoolerwaters,raisingsea（29）.Whilethetopoftheoceanisstudied,itsdepthsaremoredifficultto（30）Theresearchersgathered150yearsofoceantemperaturedatainordertogetbetter（31）ofheatabsorptionfromsurfacetoseabed.Theygatheredtogethertemperaturereadingscollectedbyeverythingfroma19thcentury（32）ofBritishnavalshipstomodernautomatedoceanprobes.Theextensivedatasources,（33）withcomputersimulations（计算机模拟）,createdatimelineofoceantemperaturechanges,includingcoolingfromvolcanicoutbreaksandwarmingfromfossilfuel（34）.

　　About35percentoftheheattakeninbytheoceansduringtheindustrialeranowresidentsata（35）ofmorethan700meters,theresearchersfound.Theysaythey'reunsure（36）whetherthedeep-seawarmingcanceledout　warmingatthesea'ssurface.

　　Aabsorb

　　Bcombined

　　Ccontribute

　　Ddepth

　　Eemission

　　F.explore

　　Gexplore

　　H.floor

　　I.heights

　　J.indifferent

　　Klevel

　　L.mixed

　　Mpicture

　　Nunsure

　　Ovoyage

　　参考答案：

　　（26）Aabsorb

　　（27）Ccontribute

　　（28）Klevel

　　（29）Gexplore

　　（30）Mpicture

　　（31）Ovoyage

　　（32）Bcombined

　　（33）Eemission

　　（34）Ddepth

　　（35）Nunsure

　　参考解析

　　文章第一句讲到海洋正在升温，不难推断出第26题应该是选absorb，absorb为吸收的意思。

　　beknowntodosth,由此可知第27题应该选动词原形，再根据后面的to,故将答案锁定为contribute，contribute…to…意思为是……的原因，有助于;为……做贡献;为……捐款;为……撰稿。

　　raising…为结果状语从句，意为导致了海平面的上升，故此空的答案为levels。

　　该句的前半句意思是海洋的表层（顶部）被研究得较为透彻，考生要谨记在做完形填空时，要做到上下文的对应，比对一下就可得知该空应该选择study的近义词，通观所有的选项，故选explore。

　　研究者搜集了150年的海洋温度数据，目的是要清晰地比对现在与过去的变化趋势，故不难推测出要做图来进行比对，因此该空的答案为picture。

　　31空后面有navalships这样的字眼，故能联想到该空应该与ships有关，因此该空的答案为voyage。

　　能与介词with搭配的形容词，通观所有的选项，只有combined，combinedwith意为结合，该短语在句中做插入语。

　　Fossilfuel为矿物燃料，燃烧矿物燃料排放出的废气会导致温室效应，故该空应该选择emissions。

　　Morethan700meters是一个长度，再看前文，亦有提示----itsdepths,故该空的答案为depth，atadepthof…意为在……的深度。

　　35空应填入一个形容词，再结合后面的宾语从句的引导词whether，故将答案锁定为unsure，要注意sure和unsure的宾语从句的引导词是不同的，sure的宾语从句引导词为that，unsure的宾语从句的引导词为whether，类似的词语还有doubt，考生要注意区分。

　　PartⅢReadingSectionB（卷二）

　　TheSecrettoRaisingSmartKids

　　37.Theauthor'sexperimentshowsthatstudentswithafixedmind-setbelievehavingtoworkhardisanindicationoflowability.

　　【答案】[F]Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasmoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkinhighregard,Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbyasetbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidtheywouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixedmind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignoflowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedtoworkhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewithafixedmind-setsaidthatwouldstudylessinthefuture,trynevertotakethatsubjectagainandconsidercheatingonfuturetests.

　　38.Focusingoneffortiseffectiveinhelpingchildrenovercomefrustrationandachievesuccess.

　　【答案】[C]Inparticular,attributingpoorperformancetoalackofabilitydepressesmotivationmorethandoesthebeliefthatlackofeffortistoblame.WhenItoldagroupofschoolchildrenwhodisplayedhelplessbehaviorthatalackofeffortledtotheirmistakesinmath,theylearnedtokeeptryingwhentheproblemsgottough.Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccessoneasierproblemsdidnotimprovetheirabilitytosolveharmmathproblems.Theseexperimentsindicatedthatafocusoneffortcanhelpresolvehelplessnessandgeneratesuccess.

　　39.Wecancultivateagrowthmind-setinchildrenbytellingsuccessstoriesthatemphasizehardworkloveoflearning.

　　【答案】[I]Howdowetransmitagrowthmind-settoourchildren?

Onewayisbytellingstoriesaboutachievementsthatresultfromhardwork.Forinstance,talkingaboutmathematicalgeniuses

　　Whoweremoreorlessbornthatwayputsstudentsinafixedmind-set,butmathematicianswhofellinlovewithmathanddevelopedamazingskillsproduceagrowthmind-set.

　　40.Students’beliefaboutthecauseoftheirfailureexplainstheirattitudetowardsetbacks.

　　【答案】[F]Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasmoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkinhighregard,Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbyasetbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidtheywouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixedmind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignoflowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedtoworkhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewithafixedmind-setsaidthatwouldstudylessinthefuture,trynevertotakethatsubjectagainandconsidercheatingonfuturetests.

　　41.Intheauthor’sexperiment,studentwithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterperseveranceinsolvingdifficultmathproblems.

　　【答案】[G]Suchdifferentoutlookhadadramaticimpactonperformance.Atthestartofjuniorhigh,themathachievementtestscoresofthestudentswithagrowthmind-setwerecomparabletothethoseofstudentswhodisplayedafixedmind-set.Butastheworkbecamemoredifficult,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterpersistence.Asaresult,theirmathgradesovertookthoseoftheotherstudentsbytheendofthefirstsemester-andthegapbetweenthetwogroupscontinuedtowidenduringthetwoyearswefollowedthem.

　　42.Theauthorconductedanexperimenttofindoutabouttheinfluenceofstudents’mind-setsonmathlearning.

　　【答案】[E]WevalidatedtheseexpectationsinastudyinwhichtwootherpsychologistsandImonitored373studentfortwoyearsduringthetransitiontojuniorhighschool,whentheworkgetsmoredifficultandthegradingmorestrict,todeterminehowtheirmind-setsmightaffecttheirmathgrades.Atthebeginningofseventhgrade,weassessedthestudents'mind-setsbyaskingthemtoagreeordisagreewithstatementssuchas"Yourintelligenceissomethingverybasicaboutyouthatyoucan'treallychange."Wethenassessedtheirbeliefsaboutotheraspectsoflearningandlookedtoseewhathappenedtotheirgrades.

　　43.Afterfailingagainandagain,mostanimalsgiveuphope.

　　【答案】[A]Ifirstbegantoinvestigatethebasisofhumanmotivation-andhowpeoplepersevereaftersetbacks-asapsychologygraduatestudentatYaleUniversityinthe1960s.AnimalexperimentsbypsychologistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniahadshownthatafterrepeatedfailures,mostanimalsconcludethatasituationishopelessandbeyondtheircontrol.Aftersuchanexperienceananimaloftenremainspassiveevenwhenitcaneffectchange-astatetheycalledlearnedhelplessness.

　　44.Informingstudentsaboutthebrainasalearningmachineisagoodstrategytoenhancetheirmotivationforlearning.

　　【答案】[J]Inaddition,parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyprovidingexplicitinstructionregardingthemindasalearningmachine,Idesignedaneight-sessionworkshopfor91studentswhosemathgradesweredecliningintheirfirstyearofjuniorhigh.Forty-eightofthestudentsreceivedinstructioninstudyskillsonly,whereastheothersattendedacombinationofstudyskillssessionsandclassesinwhichtheylearnedaboutthegrowthmind-set