促进文化多元化欧洲挑战欧盟政策正在建设中.docx

促进文化多元化欧洲挑战欧盟政策正在建设中.docx

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促进文化多元化欧洲挑战欧盟政策正在建设中

促进文化多元化欧洲挑战欧盟政策-正在建设中

20__國際研討會20__/3/26會議資料

InternationalSymposiumon"Creativeindustry"----AGlobalThoughtandFutureActioninTaiwan

中英文合稿：

Promotingculturaldiversity:

achallengeforEurope,apolicyfortheEuropeanUnion

ByMr.ChristopheForax

ThespokesmanforVivianeReding.

CurrentfieldsofcompetenceincludeEuropeanpoliciesforeducation,vocationaltraining,culture,audiovisualpolicy,youthandsport.

YourExcellency,esteemedprofessors,ladiesandgentlemen,

InhisinauguralspeechinMay2000PresidentChencalledforabetterconsiderationofculturaldiversityinTaiwan.Hedeclared:

“Wemustopenourheartswithtoleranceandrespect,sothatourdiverseethnicgroupsanddifferentregionalculturesmaycommunicatewitheachother,andsothatTaiwanslocalculturesmayconnectwiththeculturesofChinese-speakingcommunitiesandotherworldcultures,andcreateanewmilieuofaculturalTaiwaninamoderncentury.”

ThisconcernandchallengealsoappliestotheEuropeanUnionasacommunitywhichwillsooncomprise25ormorenations.WiththeenlargementoftheUniontonewcountries,culturaldiversityisbecomingmuchgreaterandthiswillhavetobemanagedasatoolforsustainabledevelopmentandforcombatingthedarksideofglobalisationintheprocessofbuildingEurope.

Iam,therefore,gratefulfortheopportunityofferedbytheCouncilforCulturalAffairsofTaiwanandtheEuropeanUnionStudyAssociationofTaiwantodiscusstheEU’sapproachtoculturaldiversityanditspromotion.IwouldliketothankMinisterTchenandProfessorHungfortheinvitation,whichIhavebeenpleasedtoacceptastheSpokespersonfortheEuropeanCommissionerresponsibleforEducationandCulture,MrsVivianeReding.MrsRedinghasbeenafriendofTaiwanformanyyears,bothatthetimeshewasamemberoftheEuropeanParliamentandinhercurrentofficeasmemberoftheEuropeanCommission.

Ladiesandgentlemen,

Itisfittingthat,here,whereexpertsfromTaiwananddifferentcountrieshavecometogethertoaddresstheissueofculturalindustry,Ishallstartbystatingwhatwe,intheEuropeanUnion,understandasculturaldiversity.Itis,firstofall,therightforeverycitizentoliveaccordingtohisorherrootsandvaluesandtoexpresshisorhercreativity.TheconsequenceofthisfortheEuropeanUnionisnottotrytoharmoniseculturalpolicies.FortheEUthisalsomeanstherejectionofanyculturaldominanceinaglobalworld;apositionthatexplainswhywehaveconstantlyrefusednegotiationsonculturalmatterswithintheframeworkoftheWTO.ItiscrucialforEuropeanstoremainabletocarryoutproactivepoliciesofpromotionofourculturalcreativity.

Atthesametime,sharingculturaltraitsandhighlightingthecommonhistoryofEuropeansarenecessaryinordertofurtherdeveloptheintegrationofEurope.Preservingourdiversitydoesnotmeanclosingourdoors,neitherbetweenthenationsinEuropenortowardsotherpartsoftheworld.Wedonotviewculturaldiversitysimplyasajumbleofdifferences,butasadutytobuildnetworksbringingthesedifferencestogetherandasarealsourceofwealthforEuropeans.September11thisforusaclearsignalthatareinforceddialoguebetweendifferentculturesisofparamountimportancetoensuresustainabledevelopmentandpeaceintheworld.

TheEuropeanculturaleffortsfollowthreeoperationalobjectives:

TosupportthecirculationofEuropeanculturalprojectswithinEuropeandbeyond.

ToreinforceculturalindustriesinEurope.

Toconserveininternationaltradenegotiationsourfreedomtocarryoutproactivepoliciesreflectingonthespecialnatureoftheculturalsector.

Whileaimingtopromoteculturaldiversityandbuildbridges,theseobjectivesmustalsobeseenfromaneconomicpointofview.Culturalindustriesareeconomicactivitiesprovidingmorethan7millionjobsintheEUandplayinganimportantroleininternationaltrade:

In2000,theEU’stradedeficitwiththeUnitedStatesonthetelevisionrightsmarketwas4billionUSdollarsand8billionforallaudiovisualservices.Reinforcingourindustryandopeningnewmarketstoourculturalworksisthereforeofhighsignificanceforoureconomy.

WhichtoolsareusedbytheEuropeanUniontofulfilthefirsttwooperationalobjectivesOntheonehand,theEUprovidesalegalframeworkfacilitatingthedevelopmentoftheindustry,suchasthe“televisionwithoutfrontiers”directiveof1989whichensuresthefreemovementofaudiovisualserviceswithinEuropeandthepromotionofEuropeanculturalworksthroughquotasofnationalandEuropeanprogrammestobebroadcastonEuropeanTVchannels.Ontheotherhand,supportisgiventoculturalactorsandtotheindustrythroughEUprogrammes.Forexample,“Culture2000”supportsmorethan200projectseveryyear,fromsmall-scaleexchangesinvolvingtheatregroupsormusiciansperformingwithpartnersfromotherEuropeancountriestothecreationoflong-termculturalnetworks.

Consideringtheimportanceoftheaudiovisualsectorasaculturaltool,ofthekeyroleofmoviesandtelevisionfortheexpressionandtransmissionofculturalvalues,theEuropeanUnioncarriesoutaspecificprogrammeinthatfield.TheMEDIAprogramme’scoreobjectivesaretosupportthedevelopment,distributionandpromotionofEuropeanaudiovisualworksinsideEuropeandonothercontinents.OntheoccasionoftherenewalofMEDIAin2000,theemphasiswasputmoreonthesupporttotheuseofnewtechnologiesinthatsector,recognisingthedeepchangesthatdigitaltechnologieshavemadehere.Inconcreteterms,moneyisnowavailablefromtheMEDIAprogrammeforprojectsusingdigitaltechnologiessuchasthedigitalisationofworksoron-linebroadcasting.

In20__,morethan70millionEurowasgiventotheEuropeanmovieindustrywithintheframeworkofMEDIA,enabling100campaignsofpromotionforfilms,thedevelopmentof245movieprojects,thedistributionof55Europeanfilmsoutsidetheircountryoforiginandsupportto130Europeandistributioncompanies.

WhataretheresultsoftheMEDIAprogrammeandthesupportpoliciescarriedoutbyindividualMemberStatesoftheEUInrecentyears,weseemtoobserveastabilisationofthemarketsharesofEuropeanandUSmoviesonEuropeanscreens:

ashareof20to30%oftheboxofficegoestonationalandEuropeanworks.TicketssoldforEuropeanfilmsoutsidetheircountryoforiginareabout10%oftotalticketsales.Asfortelevision,quotasofEuropeanprogrammesarefulfilledbyavastmajorityofbroadcastersandaudiencesaskfornationalprogrammesinprimetimeratherthanforUS-madeproducts.

Clearly,alotremainstobedonetoconsolidatetheaudiovisualindustryinEuropeandtoenableittodiffuseourculturaldiversity.WeintheEUareconvincedthatnationalandEuropeaninitiativessuchasMEDIAhaveplayedapositiveroleintheprogressmadebythesectorandthatsupportpoliciesareusefulinthatfield.Therefore,IwouldliketopaytributetotheinitiativestakenbythegovernmentofTaiwan,suchastheDomesticFilmGuidanceFund,andthepromotionofTaiwanesefilmmakersatinternationalfilmfestivals.Thesuccessencounteredrecentlyby“CrouchingTiger,HiddenDragon”byAngLeeorbyfilmsofHouHsiao-HsienshouldencourageTaiwantopursueitseffortsinfollowingadurable,proactivepolicyofsupporttothecreativeindustryandachievingmorecoproductionswithneighbours.

EvenifthecurrentMEDIAprogrammeoftheEUiscurrentlynotopentoprojectswithnon-Europeanpartners,theopportunitytoforeseecloserco-operationwithnonEUcountrieswillbeontheagendaofthepreparationoftheprogrammethatwillreplacethecurrentMEDIAprogrammein20__.

AmessageIwouldliketoconveytodayisthatpublicinvestmentinthecreativeindustryisaninvestmentforthefuture.Atatimewhen–atleastinEurope-moneyforinvestmentintheentertainmentindustryisgettingscarcer,governmentsshouldgiveahelpinghand,asitismoneywellspent:

spentnotonlyforthepromotionofculturaldiversityandthedialoguebetweencultures,butalsomoneyspentinasectorwithanenormousgrowthpotentialasdigitalisationwillmeanalastingexpansionoftheavailabilityofaudiovisualcontent.

Thisisthereasonwhy,consideringthechallengesfacedbytheentertainmentindustry,especiallyintakingthedigitaltrain,theEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropeanInvestmentBanklaunchedanadditionalprogrammein20__called“i2iAudiovisual”.Theideaisthat,inaninnovation-driveneconomy,theaudiovisualsectorpresentsanopportunityintermsofinternationalcompetitivenessandemployment.Itis,therefore,importanttohelpourindustrytoadapttonewtechnologies,notablybybringingmorecapitaltoEuropeanbusinessesinthatsectorwithmanySMEsandbyfosteringthedevelopmentofcross-borderventures.FromMay20__toJanuary20__,almost600millionEurohasbeeninvestedinthatprogramme.Forexample,loansweregiventothefullmodernisation-digitalisation-ofDanishtelevisionandacablenetworkinSpain.OtherprojectsincludealoantoBBCWorldfortheproductionofprogrammesandaseriesofgloballoansdevotedtofinancingfilmproductionSMEsinseveralEUcountries.“i2iAudiovisual”alsoinvolvesacquiringstakesinexpandingventurecapitalfundsdedicatedtotheentertainmentindustry,thusfacilitatingtheaccesstomoneyforSMEsandpossiblytheemergenceofcross-borderprojectsinthecreativeindustry.

Ladiesandgentlemen,

TheEuropeanUnionhasdecidedtopromoteitsdiversityandhasadoptedboththelegalframeworkandsupportschemestoachievethisgoal.Whetherwesucceedtodosoonalon