最新高中英语必修一第五单元知识点.docx
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最新高中英语必修一第五单元知识点
定语从句(Ⅱ)
认真阅读【Reading】部分,填入适当的关系词,并完成下列归纳。
1.Thetime_______IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.
2.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyerto_______Iwentforadvice.
3.Theschool________Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.
4.However,thiswasatime_______onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.
5.Theday________NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.
6....,untiltodaywehavereachedastage________wehavealmostnorightsatall.
7.Thepartsoftownin________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.
8.Theplacesoutsidethetowns________theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.
9....wewereputintoapositionin_______wehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.
10.Wefirstbrokethelawinaway_______waspeaceful.
【归纳】
(1)2、7、9及10句为关系代词whom和which引导的定语从句。
whom的先行词为人,在从句中充当宾语;which的先行词可以是地点,也可以是表物的其他名词,在句中充当宾语或主语。
(2)1、3、4、5、6及8句则为关系副词when和where引导的定语从句。
关系副词when的先行词为表时间的名词;而关系副词where的先行词为表地点的名词。
when和where在从句中分别充当时间状语和地点状语。
关系副词(when/where/why)引导的限制性定语从句。
▶Wewillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedatthatbeautifulcountryside.
我们永远不会忘记在那个美丽乡村呆的那些日子。
▶Theplacewheretheywillgoistheirhometown.
他们要去的地方是他们的故乡。
▶Canyouexplainthereasonwhyyoudon’twanttohelphim?
你能解释一下你不想帮助他的理由吗?
①Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_______local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.
[2009江苏,23]
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
【解析】选B。
句意:
由于金融危机,当地五星级酒店一晚收费6000元的日子不复存在了。
when引导的从句作days的定语。
②Ihavereachedapointinmylife_______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
[2009浙江,14]
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
【解析】选B。
考查分离式定语从句。
当先行词是point,situation,case表情形、情况等意思的词时,而从句中并不缺少主语、宾语时,常会使用关系副词where,不要受inmylife的影响;故选B。
③—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob_______youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
[2009北京,26]
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
【解析】选A。
考查定语从句的用法。
定语从句主谓宾完整,说明应该填关系副词,先行词为ajob,定语从句的意思是在这个工作中……,所以用where引导定语从句。
二、关系副词when,where,why在定语从句中分别作时间、地点、原因状语,且可根据其在句中的搭配关系,转换成相应的“介词+关系代词”的结构。
▶Thedaywillcomewhen(=onwhich)we’llwinthefinalvictory.我们赢得最后胜利的日子将会到来。
▶Weknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)ourteacherlives.
我们知道老师住的地方。
▶Doyouknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewassosad?
你知道他那么难过的原因吗?
▶Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhichyouspeaktoher.
我不喜欢你和她说话的方式。
④Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_______wemayreturninthenearfuture.
[2010上海,38]
A.onwhichB.bywhich
C.towhichD.fromwhich
【解析】选C。
句意:
风能是一种古老的能源,在不久的将来我们可能还会利用它。
returnto回到,恢复到,其中介词to前置,构成介词+关系代词的形式,故选C。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.I’mgoingtovisitthefactory_______yourbrotherworkedafewyearsago.
[2011曲靖高一检测]
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
2.Thevillagehegrewup_______hasbeenreplacedbyafactory.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
3.She’llneverforgetthedayon_______shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
[2011长沙高一检测]
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
【规律总结】在定语从句中,先行词为时间或地点名词时,若从句中关系词需作介词的宾语,需用关系代词which来引导定语从句。
4.WhenEliasmetMandela,theblackwasinasituation_______theyweretreatedbadly.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that
【方法技巧】不一样的situation
situation一词既可指物也可指地点。
若想确定它到底指什么,关键看从句中缺少什么成分。
若缺少地点状语,则指地点,这一用法在高考中多有考查;若缺少主语或宾语,则指物。
在此题中,从句中缺少地点状语,故situation则为表地点的先行词。
常见的既可指物也可指地点的名词还有:
case,point,family,race等。
例如:
▶ThecasethathewasinchargeofwastriedlastWednesday.上星期三审判了他负责的案件。
▶Canyougiveacasewherepeoplecannotusethephrasesproperly?
你能举出人们不能恰当运用这些短语的情况吗?
5.Thereason_______herefusedtoattendthemeetingwasthattheydidn’tgivehimaninvitationearlier.
A.howB.whichC.whyD.because
6.Itwasinthegardenofhisoldhouse_______hegrewup_______hedugoutapotofgold.
[2011南京高一检测]
A.that;thatB.where;where
C.where;thatD.that;where
7.Theymeteachotheragain_______theyparted.
A.theplacethatB.theplacewhere
C.theplaceD.attheplacewhere
【举一反三】
Theymeteachotheragain_______theyparted.
A.theplacethatB.theplacewhere
C.theplaceD.where
8.Canyousaysomethingaboutthewayofsolvingtheproblem_______youthoughtofjustnow?
A.itB.thatC.whatD.inwhich
9.MyclassmatesandIwanttovisitthenewbridgeinourcity_______wasfinishedamonthago.
A.thatB.whereC.whenD./
10.Thefamousman’sbirthplaceandthehouse_______hegrewuparebothmuseumsnow.
A.whereB.whenC.thereD.which
Ⅱ.句型转换
1.Thehousehasbeenpulleddown.
Helivedinthehouse10yearsago.→
Thehouse__________helived10yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
2.Thereisatableinthehouse.
Therearesomeapplesonit.→
Thereisatableinthehouseon________therearesomeapples.
3.Wesettleddowninasmallvillage.
Infrontofthevillageranawindingriver.→
Wesettleddowninasmallvillageinfrontof________ranawindingriver.
4.Shehasthreesons.
Allofhersonsareabroadnow.→
Shehasthreesons,allof_________areabroadnow.
5.Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.
Thirtyofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.→
Therearesixtystudentsinourclass,thirtyof________aregirls.
6.Theschoolliesintheeastofthetown.
Heoncestudiedintheschool.→
Theschool_______heoncestudiedliesintheeastofthetown.
7.Doyourememberthedays?
Onthosedaysweplayedtogether.→
Doyourememberthedays________weplayedtogether?
8.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger.
Wehaveoftentalkedaboutthefamoussinger.→
We’llgotohearthefamoussingerabout________wehaveoftentalked.
9.Themanismyfriend.
Youtalkedwiththeman.→
Themanwith________youtalkedismyfriend.
10.Theplaneisverycomfortable.
WeflewtoShanghaiintheplane.→
Theplanein_________weflewtoShanghaiisverycomfortable.
Ⅲ.用定语从句完成句子
⒈Thefactory_____________________(他工作的)isthelargestoneinthiscity.
⒉Theday____________________________(他父亲回来)isthehappiestdayintheboy’slife.
⒊Idon’tknowthereason__________________________(他今天缺席).
⒋Isthisthereason________________________________(他拒绝来这里)?
⒌I’veneverbeentothesmallvillage_______________________________________(我父亲工作五年的)beforehewenttocollege.
6.Istillremembertheday____________________________(我第一次到这个学校).
7.What’sthenameoftheplace___________________________lastyear(去年你度假的)?
8.Thereason_____________________________(他上课迟到的)isthathegotuplate.
9.Pleasepassmethebook________________________(书皮是蓝色的).
10.Inourschool,thereareabout200teachers,________________________________(其中30%是女老师).