暑假准高三英语预热训练卷新课标卷01解析版.docx
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暑假准高三英语预热训练卷新课标卷01解析版
2020年暑假准高三英语预热训练卷（新课标卷）01
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lisinopril
Whatislisinopril?
Lisinoprilisamedicinetotreathighbloodpressure.Thismedicineisonlyavailableonprescription.Itcomesastablets.Italsocomesasaliquidforpeoplewhofindithardtoswallowtablets,butthishastobeorderedspeciallybyyourdoctor.
Importantinformation
Tomakesurelisinoprilissafeforyou,tellyourdoctorifyouhave:
●Heart,liverorkidneyproblems
●Diabetes（糖尿病）
●Higherlevelsofpotassium（钾）inyourblood
Womenwhoarepregnantcan’ttakethemedicine.Itcouldharmtheunbornbaby.
HowshouldItakelisinopril?
●Takelisinoprilexactlyasprescribedbyyourdoctor.Followalldirectionsonyourprescriptionlabel.Yourdoctormaysometimeschangeyourdose（剂量）tomakesureyougetthebestresults.
●Drinkplentyofwatereachdaywhileyouaretakingthismedicine.
●Lisinoprilcanbetakenwithorwithoutfood.
●Yourbloodpressureneedstobecheckedoften,andyoumayneedfrequentbloodtests.
WhatifIforgettotakeit?
Ifyoumissadoseoflisinopril,takeitassoonasyouremember.Ifyoudon’trememberuntilthefollowingday,skipthemisseddose.Donottakeadoubledosetomakeupforaforgottenone.Ifyouforgetdosesoften,itmayhelptosetanalarmtoremindyou.
WhatshouldIavoidwhiletakinglisinopril?
●Avoiddrinkingalcohol,becauseitcanfurtherloweryourbloodpressureandmayincreasecertainsideeffectsoflisinopril.
●Avoidgettinguptoofastfromasittingorlyingposition,oryoumayfeeldizzy.Getupslowlyandsteadyyourselftopreventafall.
21.Whatdoweknowaboutlisinopril?
A.Itcomesinliquidform.B.Itmustbetakenwithfood.
C.Itcanbeusedtotreatdiabetes.D.Itisharmfultopregnantwomen.
22.Whatdoyouneedtodowhentakinglisinopril?
A.Visitadoctoronadailybasis.B.Liveonamainlyvegetariandiet.
C.Doenoughphysicalexercisedaily
D.Havefrequentbloodpressuretests.
23.Whatshouldyoudoifithasbeenalmostadaysinceyoumissedadose?
A.Takeyournextdoseontime.B.Skipthefollowingdosesfordays.
C.Takeadoseassoonasyouremember.D.Havemorewhentakingyournextdose.
【答案】21-23.DDA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
文章介绍药物Lisinopril以及相关信息。
21.细节理解题。
根据Importantinformation中Womenwhoarepregnantcan’ttakethemedicine.Itcouldharmtheunbornbaby.可知，怀孕的妇女不能吃这种药。
它可能会伤害未出生的婴儿。
所以，这种药对孕妇有害。
故选D。
22.细节理解题。
根据HowshouldItakelisinopril?
中Yourbloodpressureneedstobecheckedoften,andyoumayneedfrequentbloodtests.可知，服用lisinopril时需要经常进行血压测试，也可能要经常验血，故选D。
23.细节理解题。
根据WhatifIforgettotakeit?
中Ifyoumissadoseoflisinopril,takeitassoonasyouremember.Ifyoudon’trememberuntilthefollowingday,skipthemisseddose.Donottakeadoubledosetomakeupforaforgottenone.可知，如果自从你错过了一剂药，你已经有将近一天没有服药了，跳过忘记的剂量，不要服用双倍剂量的药物来弥补忘记的剂量。
也就是按时服用下一剂药。
故选A。
B
Astudyhaswarnedthatseafoodsuppliesfromtheworld'soceanscouldbealmostgonebythemiddleofthecentury.Theresearcherssaytherehasalreadybeenabreakdowninwildpopulationsofalmostonethirdofcurrentlyfishedsea-foods.Thestudysaysthatmeanstheircatchhasfallenbyninetypercentfromtheirhighestlevel.BorisWormofDalhousieUniversityinNovaScotiaCanadaledtheintentionalteamthatdidthestudy.ProfessorWormsaysspecieshaverecentlybeendisappearingfromoceansatanincreasingspeed.Atthisratehesaysallseafoodspeciescouldcollapseby2048.
Otherstudieshavealsowarnedaboutthedangersofoverfishingandtheeffectsonoceanenvironments.Butnoteveryonethinkstheoceansarelikelytobeempty,in,fiftyyears.Somescientistssaidpartsoftheworlddohaveproblemsbutothersarcdoingagoodjobofprotectingfishpopulations.Governmentofficialsinseveralcountrieswithlargefishingindustriesalsoquestionedtheresearch.
ThestudyappearedearlierthismonthinSciencemagazine.
Theresearcherssaydamagetooceansaffectsnotonlyfishpopulationsbutalsotheproductivityofecosystems.Thesecomplexsystemshelpcontrolwaterquality.Thescientistssaythelossofdifferentkindsofsealifeappearstoincreasetheriskoffishkillsandbeachclosuresfromharmfulalgaegrowth.
Thescientistsexaminedtheresultsofthirty-twoexperimentsandobservedforty-eightprotectedareas.Theyalsolookedatrecordsofcatchesworldwide.TheystudiedrecordsfromtheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganizationfrom1950to2003.Andtheyexaminedarchaeologicalinformationandotherhistoricalrecordsfortwelvecoastalareas.Thatresearchreachedbackoverathousandyears.
BorisWormsaysthefindingsare,inhiswords,“beyondanythingwesuspected.”Buthealsosaidthesituationisnottoolatetocore.Hesaidthatwithgoodfisheriesmanagement,somespeciescouldcompletelyrecoverinthreetotenyears.
24.Thetwounderlinedwords“their”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean.
A.researchers'B.fisherman's
C.seafoods'D.theoceans'
25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Allthescientistsdon'tbelievethatallseafoodspecieswilldisappearingverysoon
B.Mostgovernmentofficialsdisagreetotheseafood-disappearingresearch
C.Somescientistsaredoingagoodjobofprotectingfishpopulations
D.It'stoolatetotakeanyactiontoimprovethesituation.
26.AccordingtoBorisWorm,.
A.Somepeoplearedoingagoodjobofprotectingfishpopulations
B.Overfishingisoneofthecausesforthelossofseafoodspecies
C.thingsaregettingworsethougheffortscanbemade
D.somemorespecieswillcomeintobeingwithrightmeasures
27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheoceanenvironment
B.Tointroduceastudyaboutthedisappearingofseafoods
C.Toreportdifferentopinionsabouttheseafoodresearch
D.Tocriticizethepresentfisheriesmanagement
【答案】24-27CABB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。
一项研究警告说，到本世纪中叶，来自世界海洋的海产品供应可能几乎消失，其他研究也对过度捕捞的危险和对海洋环境的影响提出了警告。
但是也有人对研究提出了质疑，有些地区在保护鱼类种群方面做得很好。
如果渔业管理得当，一些物种可以在3到10年内完全恢复。
24.词义猜测题。
根据第一段Theresearcherssaytherehasalreadybeenabreakdowninwildpopulationsofalmostonethirdofcurrentlyfishedsea-foods.研究人员说，在目前捕捞的海产品中，近三分之一的野生种群已经灭绝。
所以研究表明，这意味着海产品的捕获量比最高水平下降了90%。
根据上下文的语境判断出，their指的是“海产品的”。
故选C项。
25.细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句Butnoteveryonethinkstheoceansarelikelytobeemptyinfiftytears.不是所有的人都认为50年内海洋会枯竭。
所以并不是所有的科学家都相信所有的海鲜物种都会很快消失。
故选A项。
26.推理判断题。
根据第二段Otherstudieshavealsowarnedaboutthedangersofoverfishingandtheeffectsonoceanenvironments.其他研究也对过度捕捞的危险和对海洋环境的影响提出了警告。
根据最后一段Hesaidthatwithgoodfisheriesmanagement,somespeciescouldcompletelyrecoverinthreetotenyears.如果渔业管理得当，一些物种可以在3到10年内完全恢复。
由此判断出，据鲍里斯·沃姆说，过度捕捞是导致海产品物种灭绝的原因之一。
故选B项。
27.推理判断题。
一项研究警告说，到本世纪中叶，来自世界海洋的海产品供应可能几乎消失，其他研究也对过度捕捞的危险和对海洋环境的影响提出了警告。
但是也有人对研究提出了质疑，有些地区在保护鱼类种群方面做得很好。
如果渔业管理得当，一些物种可以在3到10年内完全恢复。
由此判断出，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于海产品消失的研究。
故选B项。
C
OnAugust29th，ElonMusk,thebossofTesla,anelectric-carmaker,announcedthatsomeofhiscustomerswouldfindthattheircarshadsuddenlydevelopedtheabilitytodrivefartheronasinglebatterycharge.Likemanymodernvehicles,Mr.Musk'sproductsarebestthoughtofasInternet-connectedcomputersonwheels.ThecheapermodelsinTesla'line-uphavepartsoftheirbatteriesdisabledbythecar’ssoftwareinordertolimittheirrange.AtthetapofakeyboardinPaloAlto,thefirmwasabletoremovethoserestrictionsandgivedriverstemporaryaccesstothefullpoweroftheirbatteries.
Mr.Musk'scomputerizedcarsarejustoneexampleofamuchbroadertrend.Ascomputersandconnectivitybecomecheaper,itmakessensetobakethemintomoreandmorethingsthatarenot,inthemselves,computerscreatingan“Internetofthings”,orIoT.Itisaslowrevolutionthathasbeengatheringpaceforyears,ascomputershavefoundtheirwayintocars,telephonesandtelevisions.Butthetransformationisabouttospeedup.Oneforecastisthatby2035theworldwillhaveatrillionconnectedcomputers,builtintoeverythingfromfoodpackagingtobridgesandclothes.
Suchaworldwillbringmanybenefits.Consumerswillgetconvenience.Amazon'sRingsmartdoorbells,forinstance,comeequippedwithmotionsensors（运动传感器）andvideocameras.Workingtogether,theycanalsoformwhatis,ineffect,aprivateCCTV（closedcircuittelevision）network,allowingthefirmtoofferitscustomersa“digitalneighborhood-watch”schemeandpassanyinterestingvideoalongtothepolice.
Businesswillgetefficiency,asinformationaboutthephysicalworldthatusedtobetemporaryanduncertainbecomesconcreteandanalyzable.Connectedcowscanhavetheireatinghabitsandvitalsignstrackedinrealtime,whichmeanstheyproducemoremilkandrequirelessmedicinewhentheyfallill.Suchgainsareindividuallysmallbut,mixedagainandagainacrossaneconomy,theyaretherawmaterialofgrowthpotentiallyagreatdealofit.
Inthelongterm,though,themostnoticeableeffectsoftheIoTwillbeonhowtheworldworks.OnewaytothinkofitistoregarditasthesecondphaseoftheInternet.Ever,morecompanieswillbecometechcompanies;theInternetwillbecomewidespread.Asaresult,aseriesofunsolvedargumentsaboutownership,data,competitionandsecuritywillspilloverfromthevirtualworldintotherealone.
28.WhydoestheauthormentionElonMusk?
A.Totellastoryabouthiscar.
B.Tointroducethetopic.
C.ToinformreadersofhisTesla.
D.ToexplainbatteriesonelectricCars.
29.WhatcanweinferabouttheIoTfromParagraph2?
A.Itisunderconnection.
B.Itisgettingcomputerized.
C.Itisgettingwidespreaduse.
D.Itisconnectingcomputers.
30.Whatbenefit
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