高考英语阅读理解人生百味解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解人生百味解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解人生百味解题技巧及练习题含答案

高考英语阅读理解（人生百味）解题技巧及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类

1．阅读理解

   ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity（WSU）scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementia（痴呆）andotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.

   TheRobotActivitySupportSystemorRAS,usessensorsinstalledinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates（定位）throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructionsonhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownertoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen.

"RAScombinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected,"saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience.

   Currently,anestimated50percentofadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearly$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialstrainonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.

   RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoincorporateintotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatdemonstrateshowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.

   "Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising,"Minorsaid."ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterideaofwhatprompts,videoremindersandotherpreferencestheyhaveregardingtherobot."

（1）HowdoesRASserveelderlypeople?

A. Throughsensors.                                              

B. Throughobjects.

C. Throughamobilerobot.                                 

D. Throughtheirdailyactivities.

（2）WhatcanweknowaboutRAS?

A. Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife.               

B. Itsfunctionremainstobetested.

C. Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask.            

D. Itcancookforownersonitsown.

（3）What'sMinor'sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?

A. Doubtful.                        

B. Negative.                        

C. Optimistic.                        

D. Uncertain.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A. Elderlypeopleleavethenursinghome.         

B. SmartHomeTestsfirstelder-Carerobot.

C. RAS,thefirstrobottomakehomesmart.      

D. OlderadultshavebenefitedfromRAS.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据章第二段中的“TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors（传感器）equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance…”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。

再根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?

Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?

Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.

   Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb（麻木的）tonewstimulation（刺激）,newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.

   Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.

   Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession（痴迷）manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.

   Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"（目的地）arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.

   Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations（感觉）.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.

（1）WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?

A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.

B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.

C.Tofollowtheteacher'sadvice.

D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.

（2）Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey__________.

A.areverypatientintheirobservation

B.arereallyfascinatedbynature

C.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirds

D.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides

（3）Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?

A.Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.

B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.

C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.

D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.

（4）Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.

A.useoursensestofeelthewondersoftheworld

B.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylife

C.openourmindtonewthingsandideas

D.tryourbesttoprotectnature

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界的美好。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.”唤醒感官的第一步是在它发生之前停止预测我们将要看到和感觉到的东西。

可知，作者认为在事情发生前避免过早下结论。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird, immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a‘ruby-crownedkinglet’andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.”我看见观鸟者发现了一只鸟，立刻在田野向导里看了看，说：

“一只红宝石王冠的小王”并结束了。

他们不再注意这只鸟，也不观察它在干什么。

可知，这些观鸟者只是匆匆记下这些鸟的名字，而没有观察它们在做什么。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.”可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据最后一段中的“Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk，nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.”可知，作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   InancientEgypt,thepharaoh（法老）treatedthepoormessagerunnerlikeaprincewhenhearrivedatthepalace,ifhebroughtgoodnews.However,iftheexhaustedrunnerhadthemisfortunetobringthepharaohunhappynews,hisheadwascutoff.

   Shadesofthatspiritspreadovertoday'sconversations.OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.Aswewalkedlight-heartedlyoutofthedoor,picnicbasketinhand,asmilingneighborlookedupattheskyandsaid,"Oh,boy,baddayforapicnic.Theweathermansaysit'sgoingtorain."Iwantedtostrikehimonthefacewiththepeanutbutterandsandwiches.Notforhisstupidweatherreport,forhissmile.

   SeveralmonthsagoIwasracingtocatchabus.AsIbreathlesslyputmyhandfulofcashacrosstheGreyhoundcounter,thesalesagentsaidwithabroadsmile,"Oh,thatbusleftfiveminutesago."Dreamsofhead-cutting!

   It'snotthenewsthatmakessomeoneangry.It'stheunsympatheticattitudewithwhichit'sdelivered.Everyonemustgivebadnewsfromtimetotime,andbigwinnersdoitwiththeproperattitude.Adoctoradvisingapatientthatsheneedsanoperationdoesitinacaringway.Abossinforminganemployeehedidn'tgetthejobtakesonasympathetictone.Bigwinnersknow,whendeliveringanybadnews,theyshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.

   Unfortunately,manypeoplearenotawareofthis.Whenyou'retiredfromalongflight,hasahotelclerkcheerfullysaidthatyourroomisn'treadyyet?

Whenyouhadyourheartsetonthetoastbeef,hasyourwaitermerrilytoldyouthathejustservedthelastpiece?

Itmakesyouastravelerordinerwanttolandyourfist（拳头）rightontheirunsympatheticfaces.

   Hadmyneighbortoldmeoftheupcomingrainstormwithsympathy,Iwouldhaveappreciatedhiswarning.HadtheGreyhoundsalesclerksympathetic