机械外文翻译文献翻译液压传动.docx

机械外文翻译文献翻译液压传动.docx

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英文原文

HydraulicSystem

Hydraulicpresserdriveandairpressuredrivehydraulicfluidasthetransmissionismadeaccordingtothe17thcentury,Pascal'sprincipleofhydrostaticpressuretodrivethedevelopmentofanemergingtechnology,theUnitedKingdomin1795•BramanJoseph（JosephBraman,1-7148914）,inLondonwaterasamediumto

formhydraulicpressusedinindustry,thebirthoftheworld'sfirsthydraulicpress.Mediaworkin1905willbereplacedbyoil-waterandfurtherimproved.

HydraulictransmissionTherearemanyoutstandingadvantages,itiswidelyused,suchasgeneralindustr-

ialuseofplasticsprocessingmachinery,thepressureofmachinery,machinetools,etc.;operatingmachineryengineeringmachinery,constructionmachinery,agriculturalmachinery,automobiles,etc.;ironandsteelindu-strymetallurgicalmachinery,liftingequipment,suchasrolleradjustmentdevice;civilwaterprojectswithflo-odcontrolanddamgatedevices,bedliftsinstallations,bridgesandothermanipulationofinstitutions;speedturbinepowerplantinstallations,nuclearpowerplants,etc.;shipfromthedeckheavymachinery（winch）,thebowdoors,bulkheadvalve,sternthruster,etc.;specialantennatechnologygiantwithcontroldevices,measu-rementbuoys,movementssuchasrotatingstage;military-industrialcontroldevicesusedinartillery,shipanti-rollingdevices,aircraftsimulation,aircraftretractablelandinggearandruddercontroldevicesandotherdevi-ces.

Acompletehydraulicsystemconsistsoffiveparts,namely,powercomponents,theimplementationofco-mponents,controlcomponents,auxiliarycomponentsandhydraulicoil.

Theroleofdynamiccomponentsoftheoriginalmotivefluidintomechanicalenergytothepressurethatthehydraulicsystemofpumps,itistopowertheentirehydraulicsystem.Thestructureoftheformofhydra-ulicpumpgearsaregenerallypump,vanepumpandpistonpump.

Implementationofcomponents（suchashydrauliccylindersandhydraulicmotors）whichisthepressureoftheliquidcanbeconvertedtomechanicalenergytodrivetheloadforastraightlinereciprocatingmovementorrotationalmovement.

Controlcomponents（thatis,thevarioushydraulicvalves）inthehydraulicsystemtocontrolandregulatethepressureofliquid,flowrateanddirection.Accordingtothedifferentcontrolfunctions,hydraulicpressure

controlvalvecanbedividedintovalves,flowcontrolvalvesanddirectionalcontrolvalve.Pressurecontrolvalvesaredividedintobenefitsflowvalve（safetyvalve）,pressurereliefvalve,sequencevalve,pressurerelays,etc.;flowcontrolvalvesincludingthrottle,adjustingthevalves,flowdiversionvalvesets,etc.;directional

controlvalveincludesaone-wayvalve,one-wayfluidcontrolvalve,shuttlevalve,valveandsoon.Underthecontrolofdifferentways,canbedivideindtothehydraulicvalvecontrolswitchvalve,controlvalveandset

thevalueoftheratiocontrolvalve.

Auxiliarycomponents,includingfueltanks,oilfilters,tubingandpipejoints,seals,pressuregauge,oillevel,suchasoildollars.

Hydraulicoilinthehydraulicsystemistheworkoftheenergytransfermedium,thereareavarietyofmineraloil,emulsionoilhydraulicmoldingHopcategories.

Theroleofthehydraulicsystemistohelphumanitywork.Mainlybytheimplementationofcomponentstorotateorpressureintoareciprocatingmotion.

Hydraulicsystemandhydraulicpowercontrolsignisalcomposedoftwoparts,thesignalcontrolofsome

partsofthehydraulicpowerusedtodrivethecontrolvalvemovement.

Partofthehydraulicpowermeansthatthecircuitdiagramusedtoshowthedifferentfunctionsoftheinterrelationshipbetweencomponents.Containingthesourceofhydraulicpump,hydraulicmotorandauxiliarycomponents;hydrauliccontrolpartcontainsavarietyofcontrolvalves,usedtocontroltheflowofoil,pressureanddirection;operativeorhydrauliccylinderwithhydraulicmotors,accordingtotheactualrequirementsoftheirchoice.

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Intheanalysisanddesignoftheactualtask,thegeneralblockdiagramshowstheactualoperatio-nofequipment.Hollowarrowindicatesthesignalflow,whilethesolidarrowsthatenergyflow.

Basichydrauliccircuitoftheactionsequence-Controlcomponents（twofour-wayvalve）andthespringtoresetfortheimplementationofcomponents（double-actinghydrauliccylinder）,aswellastheextendingandretractingthereliefvalveopenedandclosed.Fortheimplementationofcomponentsandcontrolcomponents,presentationsarebasedonthecorrespondingcircuitdiagramsymbols,italsointroducedreadymadecircuit

diagramsymbols.

Workingprincipleofthesystem,youcanturnonallcircuitstocode.Ifthefirstimplementationofcomponentsnumbered0,thecontrolcomponentsassociatedwiththeidentifieris1.Outwiththeimplementationofcomponentscorrespondingtotheidentifierfortheevencomponents,thenretractingandimplementationofcomponentscorrespondingtotheidentifierfortheoddcomponents.Hydrauliccircuit

carriedoutnotonlytodealwithnumbers,butalsotodealwiththeactualdeviceID,inordertodetectsystemfailures.

DINISO1219-2standarddefinitionofthenumberofcomponentcomposition,whichincludesthefollowingfourparts:

deviceID,circuitID,componentIDandcomponentID.Theentiresystemifonlyonedevice,

devicenumbermaybeomitted.

Practice,anotherwayistocodeallofthehydraulicsystemcomponentsfornumbersatthistime,componentsandcomponentcodeshouldbeconsistentwiththelistofnumbers.Thismethodisparticularlyapplicabletocomplexhydrauliccontrolsystem,eachcontrollooparethecorrespondingnumberwiththesystem

Withmechanicaltransmission,electricaltransmissioncomparedtothehydraulicdrivehasthefollowingadvantages:

1,avarietyofhydrauliccomponents,caneasilyandflexiblytolayout.2,lightweight,smallsize,smallinertia,fastresponse.

3,tofacilitatemanipulationofcontrol,enablingawiderangeofsteplessspeedregulation（speedrangeof

2000:

1）.

4,toachieveoverloadprotectionautomatically.

5,thegeneraluseofmineraloilasaworkingmedium,therelativemotioncanbeself-lubricatingsurface,longservicelife;

6,itiseasytoachievelinearmotion/

7,itiseasytoachievetheautomationofmachines,whenthejointcontroloftheuseofelectro-hydraulic,notonlycanachieveahigherdegreeofprocessautomation,andremotecontrolcanbeachieved.

Theshortcomingsofthehydraulicsystem:

1,asaresultoftheresistancetofluidflowandleakageofthelarger,solessefficient.Ifnothandledproperly,leakageisnotonlycontaminatedsites,butalsomaycausefireandexplosion.

2,vulnerableperformanceasaresultoftheimpactoftemperaturechange,itwouldbeinappropriateinthehighorlowtemperatureconditions.

3,themanufactureofprecisionhydrauliccomponentsrequireahigher,moreexpensiveandhencetheprice.

4,duetotheleakageofliquidmediumandthecompressibilityandcannotbestrictlythetransmissionratio.5,hydraulictransmissionisnoteasytofindoutthereasonsforfailure;theuseandmaintenance

requirementsforahigherleveloftechnology.

Inthehydraulicsystemanditssystem,thesealingdevicetopreventleakageoftheworkofmediawithinandoutsidethedustandtheintrusionofforeignbodies.Sealsplayedtheroleofcomponents,namelyseals.Mediumwillresultinleakageofwaste,pollutionandenvironmentalmachineryandevengiverisetomalfunctioningmachineryandequipmentforpersonalaccident.Leakagewithinthehydraulicsystemwill

causeasharpdropinvolumetricefficiency,amountingtolessthantherequiredpressure,cannotevenwork.

Micro-invasivesystemofdustparticles,cancauseorexacerbatefrictionhydrauliccomponentwear,andfurtherleadtoleakage.

Therefore,sealsandsealingdeviceisanimportanthydraulicequipmentcomponents.Thereliabilityofits

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机械专业中英文文献翻译

workandlife,isameasureofthehydraulicsystemanimportantindicatorofgoodorbad.Inadditiontotheclosedspace,aretheuseofseals,sothattwoadjacentcouplingsurfaceofthegapbetweentheneedtocontroltheliquidcanbesealedfollowingthesmallestgap.Inthecontactseal,pressedintoself-seal-styleand

self-styledself-tightseal（ie,sealedlips）two.

Thethreehydraulicsystemdiseases

1,asaresultofheattransmissionmedium（hydraulicoil）intheflowvelocityinvariouspartsoftheexistenceofdifferent,resultingintheexistenceofaliquidwithintheinternalfrictionofliquidsandpipelines

atthesam-etimethereisfrictionbetweentheinnerwall,whicharearesultofhydraulicthereasonsfortheoiltempera-ture.Temperaturewillleadtoincreasedinternalandexternalleakage,reducingitsmechanical

efficiency.Atthesametimeasaresultofhightemperature,hydraulicoilexpansionwilloccur,reisnultingincreasedcom-pression,sothatactioncannotbeverygoodcontroloftransmission.Solution:

heatistheinherentcharacte-risticsofthehydraulicsystem,notonlytominimizeeradication.Useagoodquality

hydraulicoil,hydraulicpipingarrangementshouldabveoidedasfaraspossibletheemergenceofbend,the

useofhigh-qualitypipeandfittings,hydraulicvalves,etc.

2,thevibrationofthevibrationofthehydraulicsystemisalsooneofitsmalaise.Asaresultofhydraulicoilinthepipelineflowofhigh-speedimpactandthecontrolvalvetoopentheclosureoftheimpactoftheprocessarethereasonsforthevibrationsystem.Strongvibrationcontrolactionwillcausethesystemtoerror,the

systemwillalsobesomeofthemoresophisticatedequipmenterror,resultinginsystemfailures.Solution