英语四级真题及答案卷三.docx

英语四级真题及答案卷三.docx

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英语四级真题及答案卷三

2021年12月英语四级真题及答案完整版〔卷三〕

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoaHopeelementaryschoolorganizedbyyourStudentUnion..Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

【参考范文】

OnthemorningofJune1st,agroupofvolunteersfromouruniversityUnionpaidavisittoaHopePrimarySchooltohelpthechildrentherehaveahappyChildren'sDay.

Wearrivedatthisschoolatnineinthemorningandthechildrenwelcomeduswarmly.Thisvolunteeractivitymainlyincludethreeparts.Inthefirstplace,weintroducedourselvesbriefly,whichhelpedustoknoweachotherbetter.Additionally,weorganizedsomerecreationalactivities.Forexample,ourtalentedvolunteerstaughtthosechildrentodanceandsing.Intheend,wegavethestationerypreparedinadvancetotheselovelychildren.

Thisvolunteeractivitywasreallyimpressive.Itgaveusanopportunitytoexperienceadifferentlifeandwewerereallymovedbythechildrenenthusiasm.

【参考译文】

6月1日上午,我校学生会的局部志愿者参观了一所希望小学.此行的目的是

帮助那里的孩子们过一个快乐的儿童节.

我们早上九点钟到达该希望小学,孩子们热情地欢送我们的到来.本次志愿者

活动主要分为三局部.首先,我们都做了简单的自我介绍,以便大家能更好地

了解彼此.止匕外,我们组织了一些娱乐活动.例如,我们当中多才多艺的志愿

者们教这些孩子唱歌、跳舞.最后,我们把事先准备好的文具送给了这些可爱的孩子们.

这次志愿者活动真的让人印象深刻.它让我们有时机去体验不同的生活,孩子

们的热情也深深地感动了我们.PartnListeningComprehension（25

minutes）

说明：

由于2021年6月四级测试全国共考了2套听力,本套真题听力与前2

套内容完全一样,只是顺序不一样,因此在本套真题中不再重复出现.

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredto

selectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbank

followingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyour

choices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthe

correspondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Justbecausetheycan'tsingoperaorrideabicycledoesn'tmeanthatanin

don'thaveculture.There'snobetterexampleofthisthankillerwhales.Asoneofthemost__26__predators〔食肉动物〕,killerwhalesmaynotfitthe__27__ofaculturedcreature.However,thesebeastsoftheseadodisplayavastrangeofhighly__28__behaviorsthatappeartobedrivingtheirgeneticdevelopment.

Theword“culture"comesfromtheLatin“colere,"which__29__means

cultivate."Inotherwords,itreferstoanythingthatis__30__orlearnt,ratherthaninstinctiveornatural.Amonghumanpopulations,culturenotonlyaffectsthewaywelive,butalsowritesitselfintoourgenes,affectingwhoweare.Forinstance,havingspentmanygenerationshuntingthefatmarinemammalsoftheArctic,theEskimosofGreenlandhavedevelopedcertaingenetic__31__thathelpthemdigestandutilizethisfat-richdiet,therebyallowingthemto__32__intheircoldclimate.

Likehumans,killerwhaleshavecolonizedarangeofdifferent__33__acrosstheglobe,occupyingeveryoceanbasinontheplanet,withanempirethat__34__frompoletopole.Assuch,differentpopulationsofkillerwhaleshavehadtolearndifferenthuntingtechniquesinordertogaintheupperhandovertheirlocalprey（猎物）.This,inturn,hasamajoreffectontheirdiet,leadingscientiststo__35__thattheabilitytolearnpopulation-specifichuntingmethodscouldbedrivingtheanimals'geneticdevelopment.

A）acquired

B）adaptations

C）brutal

D）deliberately

E）expressed

F）extends

G）habitats

H）humble

I）image

Jlitereally

K）refined

L）revolves

M）speculate

N）structure

O）thrive

26-30CIKJA

31-35BOGFM

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Livingwithparentsedgesoutotherlivingarrangementsfor18-to34-year-olds

A）Broaddemographic（人口的）shiftsismaritalstatus,educationalattainmentandemploymenthavetransformedthewayyoungadultsintheU.S.areliving,andanewPewResearchCenteranalysishighlightstheimplicationsofthesechangesforthemostbasicelementoftheirlives—wheretheycallhome.In

antheywerteotmbehlivingwitha

2021,forthefirsttimeinmorethan130years,adultsages18to34wereslightlymorelikelytobelivingintheirparentsspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold.

B）

s18

ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropintheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownromanticallybeforeage35.Datingbackto1880,themostcommonlivingarrangementamongyoungadultshasbeenlivingwitharomanticpartner,whetheraspouseorasignificantother.Thistypeofarrangementpeakedaround1960,when62%ofthenation-to34-year-oldswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,andonlyone-in-fivewerelivingwiththeirparents.

C）By2021,31.6%ofyoungadultswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,belowthesharelivinginthehomeoftheirparent（s）（32.1%）.Some14%ofyoungadultslivedalone,wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates.Theremaining22%livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember（suchasagrandparent,in-laworsibling（兄弟姐妹））,a

non-relative,oringroupquarterslikecollegedormitories.

D）It'sworthnotingthattheoverallshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirparentswasnotatarecordhighin2021.Thisarrangementpeakedaround1940,

whenabout35%ofthenation-to34-ydOr-oldslivedwithmomand/ordad

（comparedwith32%in2021）.Whathaschanged,instead,istherelativeshareadoptingdifferentwaysoflivinginearlyadulthood,withthedeclineofromanticcouplingpushinglivingathometothetopofamuchlessuniformlistoflivingarrangements.

Amongyoungadults,livingarrangementsdiffersignificantlybygender.Formenages18to34,livingathomewithmomand/ordadhasbeenthedominantlivingarrangementsince2021,In2021,28%ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseofpartnerintheirownhome,while35%werelivinginthehomeoftheirparent

（s）.Youngwomen,however,arestillmorelikelytobelivingwithaspouseofromanticpartner（35%）thantheyaretobelivingwiththeirparent（s）

（29%）.

F）In2021,moreyoungwomen（16%）thanyoungmen（13%）wereheadingupahouseholdwithoutaspouseorparther.Thisismainlybecausewomenaremorelikelythanmentobesigleparentslivingwiththeirchildren.

Fortheirpart,youngmen（25%）aremorelikelythanyoungwomen

（19%）tobelivinginthehomeofanotherfamilymember,anon-relativeorinsometypeofgroupquarters.

G）Avarietyoffactorscontributetothelong-runincreaseintheshareofyoung.Adultslivingwiththeparents.Thefirstinthepostponementof,ifnotretreatfrom,marriage.Theaverageageoffirstmarriagehasrisensteadilyfordecades.Inaddition,agrowingshareofyoungadultmaybeavoidingmarriagealtogether.ApreviousPewResearchCenteranalysisprojectedthatasmanyasone-in-fouroftoday'syoungadultmaynevermarry.WhilecohabitatiOh居）hasbeenontherise,theoverallshareofyoungadultseithermarriedorlivingwithanunmarriedpatnerhassubstantiallyfallensince1990.

H）Inaddition,trendsinbothemploymentstatusandwageshavelikely

contributedtothegrowingshareofyoungadultswhoarelivinginthehomeoftheirparent（s）,andthisisespeciallytrueofyoungmen.Employedyoungmenaremuchlesslikelytoliveathomethanyoungmenwithoutajob,andemploymentamongyoungmenhasfallensignificantlyinrecentdecades.Theshareofyoungmenwithjobspeakedaround1960at84%.In2021,only71%of18-to-34-year-oldmenwereemployed.Similarlywithearnings,youngmen's

wages（afteradjustingforinflation）havebeenonadownwardtrajectory

（轨迹）since1970andfellsignificantlyform2000to2021.Aswageshavefallen,theshareofyoungmenlivinginthehomeoftheirparent（s）hasrisen.

I）Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome.Generally,youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince1960andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabetoaffordtoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.Forwomen,delayedmarriage—whichisrelated,inpart,tolabormarketoutcomesformen—mayexplainmoreoftheincreaseintheirlivinginthefamilyhome.

J）TheGreatRecession（andmodestrecovery）hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome.Initiallyinthewakeoftherecession,collegeenrollmentsexpanded,boostingtheranksofyoungadultslivingathome.Andgiventheweakjobopportunitiesfacingyoungadults,living

athomewaspartoftheprivatesafetynethelpyoungadultstoweathertheeconomicstorm.

K）Beyondgender,youngadult'slivingarrangementsdifferconsiderablebyeducation—whichistiedtofinancialmeans.Foryoungadultswithoutabachelor'sdegree,asof2021livingathomewiththeirparentswasmoreprevalentthanlivingwitharomanticpartner.By2021,36%of18-to34-year-oldswhohadnotcompletedabachelor'reslivegreeitweheirparent

（s）while27%werelivingwithaspouseorpartner.Amongcollegegraduates,in202146%weremarriedorlivingwithapartner,andonly19%werelivingwiththeirparent（s）.Youngadultswithacollegedegreehavefaredmuchbetterinthelabormarketthantheirless-educatedcounterparts,whichhasinturnmadeiteasiertoestablishtheirownhouseholds.

36.Unemployedyoungmenare