SPEECH AT THE NATIONAL PRESS CLUB.docx

SPEECH AT THE NATIONAL PRESS CLUB.docx

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SPEECHATTHENATIONALPRESSCLUB

SPEECHATTHENATIONALPRESSCLUB,WASHINGTOND.C.

RobertBZoellick.LawandBusinessReviewoftheAmericas.Dallas:

Spring2008.Vol.14,Iss.2;pg.243,12pgs

Abstract（Summary）

AspeechattheNationalPressClubbyWorldBankGrouppresidentRobertB.Zoellickispresented.HavingnowservedaspresidentoftheWorldBankGroupfor100days,thespeakerwantedtosharehisinitialimpressionsandideasforstrategicdirections.ThestaffoftheWorldBankGrouphashelpedhimlearn,shownhimtheirvitalworkinthefield,andofferedfreshideasastheysetacourseforthefuture.YettherealfaceoftheWorldBankGroupisnottheoneusuallyseeninWashington,orinthedrawingroomsofthecapitalsoftheirmajorshareholders.Giventheopportunity,peopleeverywherewanttobuildabetterlifeforthemselvesandtheirchildren.Thatimpulse,ifgivenachance,cancontributetoahealthyandprosperousglobalsociety.Globalizationoffersincredibleopportunities.Yetexclusion,grindingpoverty,andenvironmentaldamagecreatedangers.

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CopyrightSouthernMethodistUniversitySpring2008

October10,2007

AsPreparedforDelivery

HAVINGnowservedasPresidentoftheWorldBankGroupfor100days,Iwantedtosharemyinitialimpressionsandideasforstrategicdirections.

IgreatlyappreciatetheencouragementandsupportIhavereceivedfrommanyquarters.Isensethatpeoplearoundtheworld-indevelopinganddevelopedcountries-recognizeboththeneedforandpotentialofthisuniquecreation.TheWorldBankGroupisoneofthegreatmultilateralinstitutionsestablishedafterWorldWarII.Sixtyyearslater,itmustadapttovastlydifferentcircumstancesinaneweraofglobalization.

ThestaffoftheWorldBankGrouphashelpedmelearn,shownmeourvitalworkinthefield,andofferedfreshideasaswesetacourseforthefuture.TheBoardisofferingexperiencedguidanceaswestrivetoturngoodintentionsandanalysisintoproductiveactions.

THEFACEOFTHEWORLDBANKGROUP

YettherealfaceoftheWorldBankGroupisnottheoneusuallyseeninWashington,orinthedrawingroomsofthecapitalsofourmajorshareholders.

WhenIvisitedYenBaiProvinceinthenorthernmountainsofVietnamthisAugust,Imetawomanwhonowhaselectricitytohelpgrindrice,pumpwater,powerfans,andlightheroneroomhouseholdsoherchildrencanstudyatnight-becausetheWorldBankfinancedaVietnameseelectrificationproject.Electricitynoweasesthechoresofover90percentofruralhouseholdsinVietnam.Asinothersocieties,ruralelectrificationmostofallempowersthewomenwhobearthebruntofdailyfarmlabor.

InHonduras,theWorldBankishelpingsavePicoBonitoNationalParkthroughtheBioCarbonFund,whichsupportsfarmerswhoareshiftingfromcuttingthenativeRedondotreestosellingtheirseedsandreplantingsaplings.Asonefarmersaid,"WestillhaveourtreesandIcanstillmakemoney,evenmorethanIdidbefore.Weeventakecareofthewildseedlings."

InNigeria,theInternationalFinanceCorporation,ourprivatesectorarm,helpedasinglemotherinthevillageofOvokotoobtainamicrofinanceloantobecomeavillagephoneoperator.Villagersusedtohavetotraveladaytomakeaphonecall.Nowthisentrepreneurhelpsherneighborsconnecttothebroaderworld,whileearningmoneytopayforherchildren'sschoolfeesandmedicationforherownHIV/AIDstreatments.

Giventheopportunity,peopleeverywherewanttobuildabetterlifeforthemselvesandtheirchildren.Thatimpulse,ifgivenachance,cancontributetoahealthyandprosperousglobalsociety.

ANINCLUSIVE&SUSTAINABLEGLOBALIZATION:

THENEEDS

Weliveinanageofglobalization.Yetitscontoursareuncertain.SincetheendoftheColdWar,thenumberofpeopleintheworldmarketeconomyhasincreasedfromaboutonebilliontofourorfive-vastlyincreasingtheproductivelaborforce,buildingnewmanufacturingandservicecentersthroughoutthedevelopingworld,boostingdemandforenergyandcommodities,andcreatingvastpossibilitiesforincreasedconsumption.Newpoolsofsavingsareaddingtoglobalcapitalflowsthataredrawntoinvestmentopportunitiesofferedbybothemergingmarketsandtransformingdevelopedeconomies.Thetransferofskills,technologies,information,andappliedpracticalknowledgeisrushingahead.

Theglobalflowoftradehasmorethandoubledsince1990.Moreopeneconomieslowerthecostofgoodsandservices.Morecountriesarerelyingonexport-ledgrowth.Whilethepurchasesfromdevelopedeconomiesremainimportant,newtradepatternsreflectregionalandglobalsupplychainsandincreasing"south-south"trade.Nearly300millionpeoplehaveescapedextremepoverty.

Yetmanyremainonthefringesandsomearefallingfurtherbehind.Theycanbecountedascountries,asregionsandgroupswithincountries,orasindividuals.Theirexclusionhasmanycauses-includingconflicts,poorgovernanceandcorruption,discrimination,lackofbasichumanneeds,disease,theabsenceofinfrastructure,weakeconomicmanagementandincentives,lackofpropertyrightsandruleoflaw,andevengeographyandweather.

Wecanalsoseetheenvironmentalchallengeofthisextraordinarysurgeofgrowth,withriversthatrunblack,skiesthatblockthesun,andthreatstohealthandclimate.

Globalizationoffersincredibleopportunities.Yetexclusion,grindingpoverty,andenvironmentaldamagecreatedangers.Theonesthatsuffermostarethosewhohavetheleasttostartwith-indigenouspeoples,womenindevelopingcountries,theruralpoor,Africans,andtheirchildren.

ItisthevisionoftheWorldBankGrouptocontributetoaninclusiveandsustainableglobalization-toovercomepoverty,enhancegrowthwithcarefortheenvironment,andcreateindividualopportunityandhope.

In2000,thecountriesoftheUnitedNationsestablishedeightMillenniumDevelopmentGoals-ambitioustargetstohalvepoverty,fighthungeranddisease,anddeliverbasicservicestothepoorby2015.Thesegoals,ourgoals,arepostedbythemainentranceofourheadquartersbuilding,remindinguseverydayofwhatwecometoworktoaccomplish.

Theseaimsofsoundsocialdevelopmentneedtobecombinedwiththerequirementsforsustainablegrowth,drivenbytheprivatesector,withinasupportiveframeworkofpublicpolicies.

Considersomeoftheneeds.

Everyyear,malariastrikessome500millionpeopleworldwide.YetwecouldgetclosetoovercomingthisleadingkillerofAfricanchildren.Itwouldtakeaninvestmentofapproximately$3billionayearoverthenextfewyearstoprovideeveryhouseholdvulnerabletomalariawithtreatedbednets,medicines,andmodestamountsofindoorinsecticide.

TheInternationalEnergyAgencyestimatesthatdevelopingcountrieswillneedabout$170billionofinvestmentinthepowersectoreachyearoverthenextdecadejusttokeepupwithelectricityneeds,withanextra$30billionperyeartotransitiontoalowcarbonenergymix.

Anadditional$30billionperyearisneededtoachievetheMillenniumGoalofsupplyingsafewaterto1.5billionpeopleandsanitationtothetwobillionpeoplewholackthesemostbasicnecessities,alsoimprovinggenderequalityinpoorcountries.

Thereisneedforanother$130billionayeartomeetthetransportationinfrastructurerequirementsofgrowingdevelopingcountries,includinganestimated$10billionayearformaritimecontainerterminalstoaccommodateopportunitiesintrade.

Andtoprovideprimaryeducationforsomeeightymillionout-ofschoolchildren,anotherMillenniumGoal,low-incomecountrieswillrequireabout$7billionperyear.

HOWTHEWORLDBANKGROUPCANHELP

Meetingtheseneedsisnot,ofcourse,justaquestionofmoney.NorisittheroleoftheWorldBankGrouptofinancetheinvestmentsbyitself.

ItisthepurposeoftheBankGrouptoassistcountriestohelpthemselvesbycatalyzingthecapitalandpoliciesthroughamixofideasandexperience,developmentofprivatemarketopportunities,andsupportforgoodgovernanceandanti-corruption-spurredbyourfinancialresources.

ItisthepurposeoftheBankGrouptoadvanceideasaboutinternationalprojectsandagreementsontrade,finance,health,poverty,education,andclimatechangesothattheycanbenefitall,especiallythepoorseekingnewopportunities.

Weshouldbeexpandingthefrontiersofthinkingaboutpolicyandmarkets,pioneeringnewpossibilities,notjustrecyclingthepassablyprovenwithamodestfinancialadvantage.

IhavebeenstressingtheideaoftheWorldBankGrouptomakeapoint.Weareasingleinstitution,operatingthroughspecializedaffiliates,asisthecaseformanylargefinancialfirms.WemuststrengthenourinteractionandeffectivenessasaGroup.

OurGrouphasfourprincipalparts.TheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment（IBRD）isourpublicfinancearm,providingloansbasedonmarketprices,riskmanagement,andotherfinancialservices,combinedwithdeepdevelopmentexperience.TheInternationalDevelopmentAssociation（IDA）isanaidconduitthatprovidesinterestfreeloansandgrantstotheeighty-onepoorestcountries,aswellassignificantdebtrelief.TheInternationalFinanceCorporation（IFC）isourprivatesectorarm,makingequityinvestments,loans,andguarantees,whileofferingadvisoryservicesindevelopingcountries.AndtheMultilateralInvestmentGuaranteeAgency（MIGA）suppliespoliticalriskinsurance.Operatingtogether,wecanleveragethesetoolstoensurethatthewholeisgreaterthanthesumofitsparts.

Allofthesecomponentsshareabodyofexpertlearningandexperiencecoveringahostofdevelopment