全国高等教育自学考试.docx
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全国高等教育自学考试
全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试
英语阅读
(二)试题
课程代码:
00596
Ⅰ.Directions:
MatchthewordsinColumnAwiththeirdefinitionsinColumnB.WritetheletteroftheanswertoeachwordinColumnAonyourANSWERSHEET.(10points,1pointforeach)
AB
1.accrueA.usingforce,threatsofpunishment
2.intensiveB.lastingforonlyaperiodoftime
3.eraseC.continuous,withoutbreak
4.constantD.toruborscrapeout
5.coercionE.topass,floworspreadintoeverypartof
6.vulnerableF.thatisliabletobedamaged
7.permeateG.tospeakorargueinsupportof
8.contemporaryH.tobecomelargerormorebyaddition
9.pleadI.thequalityofkeepingsecret
10.confidentialityJ.growingtoomuchinalimitedpieceofland
Ⅱ.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingsentencescarefully,andchooseA,B,CorDthathastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphrase.WritethecorrespondingletteroftheansweronyourANSWERSHEET.(10points,1pointforeach)
11.Whatbreathtakingimpertinencetoadvertise1pOFFyoursoaporwashingpowderordogfoodorwhatever.
A.transmissionB.rudeness
C.distractionD.politeness
12.Afewyearsago,ourgroupatSaclay,incollaborationwithanumberofotherEuropeanLaboratories,orbitedatelescope.
A.alongwithB.inthelightof
C.inagreementwithD.regardlessof
13.Iftheyfallbehindtoofarontheseobligations,theyruntheriskofhavingtheirhouses,carsorotheritemstakenoverorrepossessedbythelenders.
A.homogeneityB.appropriateness
C.responsibilitiesD.probabilities
14.Asasourceofpower,waterisvirtuallyinexhaustible.
A.inaccessibleB.insufficient
C.abundantD.extinguishable
15.AstridandIkepttalkingandthemancontinuedtoswingandlurchoverus,thankingusprofusely.
A.increasinglyB.confidentially
C.attributablyD.repeatedly
16.Ifthegreenhouseeffectproduceslastingclimaticchange,nationalcolorpreferencescouldradicallyreorientate.
A.changeB.cometoanend
C.renewD.startagain
17.Ifyouareanimated,youaremorelikelytoseeanimatedlisteners.
A.dullandstupidB.activeandlively
C.annoyedD.respected
18.Thesecountriesfearthattheirindustrieswillnotbeabletosurvivesuchdrasticcutsandthattheirnationaleconomieswillsufferasaresult.
A.suddenandsevereB.slowandcontinuous
C.clearandsimpleD.farandwide
19.Morepeoplereportthey“feel”onthevergeofanervousbreakdown.
A.ontopofB.insteadof
C.onthepointofD.onbehalfof
20.Shewastakenabackatthenewsthatherbrotherhadacaraccident.
A.overjoyedB.happy
C.sadD.greatlysurprised
Ⅲ.Directions:
ScanPassage1andfindthewordswhichhaveroughlythemeaningsgivenbelow.WritethewordyouchooseinthecorrespondingspaceonyourANSWERSHEET.(10points,1pointforeach)
Note:
Thenumbersinthebracketsrefertothenumbersofparagraphsinthepassage.
21.exact;accurate
(1)
22.statementexplainingthemeaningofawordorexpression
(1)
23.general
(1)
24.toprovidemoredetailsaboutsomethinginordertomakeitclearer
(1)
25.tohaveorusesomethingtogetherwithsomeoneelse
(2)
26.beingeverywhereatthesametime
(2)
27.information,usuallyinthefromoffactsorstatisticsthatonecananalyze
(2)
28.tojoinorbringsomethingorpeopletogethersothattheybecomeone(3)
29.toplan,prepare,decideonallthedetailsofsomething(3)
30.tochangesomethingintoadifferentform(3)
Passage1
1.Communicationnetworksarearrangementsofhardwareandsoftwarethatallowuserstoexchangeinformation.Thisverybroaddefinitionwillhelpyoubeginlearningaboutoneofthefastest-growingareasinelectricalengineeringandcomputerscience.Onceweexaminesomecommoncommunicationnetworks,wewilldevelopamoreprecisedefinition.Wewillelaborateontheimportanceofthisfield.
2.Thetelephonenetworkisthemostfamiliarandubiquitouscommunicationnetwork.Itisdesignedforvoicetransmission.Anofficecomputernetworkisacommunicationnetworkusedbyorganizationstoconnectpersonalcomputersandworkstationssotheymayshareprogramsanddataandtolinkthosecomputerstoprintersand,possibly,tosomeotherperipherals(e.g.,fileserversthatprovidemassstorageorplotters).Computernetworksalsoareusedinmanufacturingplantstoconnectmachinetools,robots,andsensors.TheInternetisanetworkofcomputernetworksthatcoversmostoftheworldandallowsmillionsofuserstoexchangemessagesandcomputerfilesandsomelimitedvideoandaudiosignals.
3.Althoughallthesesystemsarecommunicationnetworks,theyarequitedifferentintheinformationthattheytransmitandinthewaytheyareused.Nevertheless,theyoperateonsimilarprinciples.Theunifyingcharacteristicsofallnetworkshelpusdevelopadefinitionofcommunicationnetworksthatdescribesthearrangementsofhardwareandsoftwarethatwestudyinthistext.Eachsystemdescribedisdesignedtoexchangeinformation,whichmaybevoice,sounds,graphics,pictures,video,text,ordata,amongusers.Mostoftentheusersarehumans,buttheyalsocanbecomputerprogramsordevices.Beforetheinformationistransmitted,itisconvertedintobits(zerosorones).Thenthebitsaresenttoareceiveraselectricaloropticalsignals(electromagneticwaves,tobemoreprecise).Finally,theinformationisreconstructedfromthereceivedbits.Thistransmissionmethod,calleddigitaltransmission,reducedthetransmissionerrors.
SECTION2READINGCOMPREHENSION(40points)
IV.Directions:
SkimPassage2andreadthestatementsgivenrightafterthepassageandjudgewhethertheyareTrueorFalse.WritethecorrespondingansweryouchooseonyourANSWERSHEET.(10points,1pointforeach)
Passage2
1.Everybodyfeelspainsometimes:
thepainintheheadthatcomesaftereatingicecreamordrinkingcoldwater;thesuddenmuscularpain;the“stitch”thatattackslong-distancerunnersorotherswhoseactivitieshaveputgreatdemandsontheoxygensupplyofthebody.Thesetransientpainsarenotcauseforalarm;theyusuallydisappearquickly,returnrarelyandsignifyverylittle.
2.Incontrastaretheunusual,chronic,orexceptionallyseverepainsthatrequireattentionfromadoctor,whocandeterminewhetherornottheyrequirespecialcare.Anginapectoris(painofthechest)isaheartpainthatlastsfromtwoorthreeminutestotenorfifteen.Identificationisextremelyimportant,becausespecialdrugsareneededforreliefandthedoctor’sunderstandingandadvicemaypreventrecurrenceofthecondition.
3.Onlyadoctorcanrecognizewhatarecalledreferredpains.Theseoriginateatonepoint,butarefeltatanothertowhichtheyhavebeencarriedbythenerves.Apersonwithcontinuouspainbecomesirritated,tiredeasily,hasdifficultyinsleeping,losesappetite,andmayevenbecomethevictimofwhathasbeencalledananxietystateornervousbreakdown.Fewdiseasesdevelopwithoutpainatsomestate,andmanyinvolvesocharacteristicapainastomakediagnosiscertain.Wheneverapainissosevere,soprolonged,andsounusualastoarousealarm,adoctorshouldbeconsulted.
31.Transientpainsshouldusuallybeinvestigated.
32.Allchronicpainsrequirespecialcare.
33.Anginapectoriswouldprobablybeclassifiedasunusual.
34.Chronicandreferredpainsarealikeinthatbothlastforalongtime.
35.Painscanbeusefulasasignalofthepresenceofdisease.
36.Transientpainsaredifferentfromreferredpains.
37.Painscanserveasanaidinthediagnosisofdisease.
38.Apersonwithcontinuouspainsisusuallygood-tempered.
39.Chronicpainsarefeltsomedistancefromtheirsource.
40.Allchronicpainscanbeidentifiedandtreated.
V.Directions:
ReadPassages3and4andchoosethecorrectanswer.WritethecorrespondingletteroftheansweronyourANSWERSHEET.(20points,1pointforeach)
Passage3
1.Everyyearagreatnumberofbabiesandyoungchildrendieorareinjuredinfires.Oneoutofeveryfivefiresiscausedbycarelesssmokingorbychildrenplayingwithmatchesandlighters.Don’ttemptchildrenbyleavingmatchesorlightersaroundaroom.
2.Neverleaveachildaloneinahouse.Injustafewsecondstheycouldstartafire.Orafirecouldstartandtrapthem.Achildwillpanicinafireandwillnotknowwhattodo.Unlessaparentisaroundtohelp,achildmaytrytohideunderabedorinacloset.Homefiredrillsareasoundidea.Thebestwaytostoppanicincaseoffireistoknowwhattodobeforeafirebreaksout.
3.Yourfirstthoughtinafireshouldalwaysbeescape.Fartoomanypeoplebecomevictimsbecausetheydonotknowthekillingpowerandspeedoffire.Ifafireisverysmallandhasjuststarted,youcanputitoutyourself.Dothisifyouhavethepropertoolsonhand.Inanycasealwayssendthechildrenoutsidefirst.Smoke,notfire,istherealkillerinablaze.Accordingtostudies,asmanyaseightoutoftendeathsinfiresareduetoinhalingfumeslongbeforetheflamesevercameneartheperson.
4.Burnsareanotherhazardtotots.Fireplaces,spaceheaters,floorfurnaces,andradiatorshaveallcausedhorribleburnstobabies.Sinceyoucannotwatchyourchildallthetime,youmustscreenfireplaces.Putguardsaroundheatersandradiators.
5.Somepeopleuseavaporizerorportableheaterinachild’sroom.Ifyoudo,besureyouplaceitoutofreach.Besure,too,thatitisnotplacedtooclosetoblanketsorbedclothes.
6.Usecareinthekitchen.Itisnotsafetoletaninfantcrawlorasmallchildwalkaroundthekitchenwhileyouare