高三二模考试英语汇编 阅读C篇 含答案.docx

高三二模考试英语汇编 阅读C篇 含答案.docx

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高三二模考试英语汇编阅读C篇含答案

2019-2020年高三二模考试英语汇编阅读C篇含答案

（崇明）

（C）

Lotsofbacteriacangrowintheseeminglyunfriendlyenvironmentunderglaciers（冰川）,aregionformerlyconsideredfreeofmuchbiology.ThisfindingbyglaciologistsworkinginSwitzerlandcouldhelpsolvesomepuzzlesofthelasticeageandpointthewayforfindinglifeonotherplanets.

Bacteriawithoddlifestyleshavebeenunderincreasingstudylately,withmostresearchfocusedonthespecieswhichpreferhothomes.Thenewstudyshiftsattentiontotheotherendofthethermometer（温度计）.Theexcitingthingistheideaofpushingthewindowofacceptablebacterialenvironmentsalittlebitfartheropen.

ResearchershavepreviouslycollectedsmallnumbersofbacteriafromiceinAntarcticaandGreenland,buttheycouldnotdeterminewhetherthesewereactivebacteriaorjustfrozencellsblowninbywind.Incontrast,theearthbeneathtwoSwissglaciersharborslargecoloniesofbacteria—hundredsofmillionsofcellspergram—thatappeartobegrowingat0℃.

Scientistsfolloweduponthesefindingsbytakingsamplesofice,water,andearthattwomountainglaciers.Theyfoundthatearthbeneaththeglacierscontainedmuchlargerpopulationsofbacteriathandidsurfaceandinnerpartofice.Thosefindingsindicatethatthebacteriaweregrowingatthebottomoftheglacierandarenotsomethingwashedinwhilethescientistsdrilledthroughtheice.

Lookingatthebacteriaunderamicroscope（显微镜）,theresearchersfoundthatmanywereintheprocessofdividing,andhealthyundertheice.Thebacteriamightbreakdownmineralsandplantremainsoriginallyburiedbeneaththeglacierorlaterwashedinbywatergoingslowlythroughtheice,scientistssay.

“Someoftheassumptionswehavemadeinthepastnowmustbeseriouslyquestioned,”sayresearchers.“IfbacteriacanliveunderglaciersonEarth,whynotonotherplanets?

Thenewstudypointsoutinmanywaysthatthebottomsofglaciersareprobablyquitegoodenvironmentsfromthepointofviewofbacteria.So,maybethebottomoftheicesheetsonotherplanetswouldbeasensibleplacetotryifyou’regoingtolookforlifeonthem.”

72.Whatisspecialaboutthenewstudyonbacteria?

A.Itfocusesonthebacteriainhotenvironments.

B.Itopensthewindowsofthebacteriallabswider.

C.Itpaysmoreattentiontothebacteriainthethermometer.

D.Itchangesscientists’viewabouttheenvironmentbacteriaexistin.

73.Whichofthefollowingfactsprovesthatbacteriaunderglaciersarealive?

A.Waterisgoingslowlythroughtheice.

B.Thedrillsusedbyscientistsarefreeofbacteria.

C.Manyofthebacteriaareintheprocessofdividing.

D.Theearthbeneaththeglaciercontainsmorebacteria.

74.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.

A.bacteriadisappearintheinnerpartoficeB.bacteriamustbealsoaliveonotherplanets

C.bacteriacangrowinextremeweathersD.bacteriagrowbybreakingthemselvesdown

75.Thepassageismainlyaboutthepossibilityoftheexistenceoflife_________.

A.undertheseaB.inhotwaterC.onotherplanetsD.underglaciers

C篇DCCD

（奉贤）

（C）

Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.AstheLancetputitrecently,“Whenwetrytodescribefacesprecisely,wordsfailus,andweresorttoidentikit（拼脸型图）procedures.”

Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.This,whenoneestothinkofit,isatremendousfeat,though,curiouslyenough,relativelylittleattentionhasbeendevotedtothefundamentalproblemsofhowandwhyweacquirethisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.Isitaninbornpropertyofourbrains,oranacquiredone?

Assooftenhappens,theexpertstendtodiffer.

Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.Insupportofthis,theynotehowmuchbetterweareatrecognizingafaceafterasingleencounterthanweare,forexample,inrecognizinganindividualhorse.Ontheotherhand,therearethose,andtheyareprobablyinthemajority,whoclaimthatthegiftisanacquiredone.

Theargumentsinfavorofthislatterview,itmustbeconfessed,areimpressive.Itisahabitthatisacquiredsoonafterbirth.Watch,forinstance,howaquiteyoungbabyrecognizeshismotherbysight.Grantedthathisothersenseshelp–thesound,hissenseofsmell,thedistinctivewayshehandleshim.Butofallthese,sightispredominant.Formedattheverybeginningoflife,theabilitytorecognizefacesquicklybeesanestablishedhabit,andonethatis,essentialfordailyliving,ifnotnecessarilyforsurvival.Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterp