届高考英语一轮复习精选精炼22摸底测试四.docx

届高考英语一轮复习精选精炼22摸底测试四.docx

《届高考英语一轮复习精选精炼22摸底测试四.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届高考英语一轮复习精选精炼22摸底测试四.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

届高考英语一轮复习精选精炼22摸底测试四

摸底测试（四）

阅读理解

A

（2018·安徽蒙城一中、淮南一中联考）

ManyofNewYork’sfine-diningestablishmentstakepartinwhatisknownasRestaurantWeek,aneventheldsince1992thatofferslocalsandtouriststheopportunitytoenjoyamoreaffordablethree-courseculinary（烹饪的）experience.

Forafixedlunchpriceof$25,or$38fordinner,thereare340restaurantsand28typesofcuisine（菜肴）tochoosefromthroughMarch6.Onanyotherdayoftheyear,suchmealscouldcost25percentto50percentmore.

OneofthepioneersofthiseventisTracyNieporent,restaurantcommitteechairmanforNYC&Company.Hesaidparticipatingrestaurantsmakeasmallerprofitpermeal,butbenefitfromanincreaseinoverallbusiness.“It’sreallyanhonourtogetin,andpeoplewanttobein,”hesaid.“It’sobviouslyeconomicallybeneficialtotherestaurantswhoparticipateintheevent.”

Forwaiters,RestaurantWeekmeansextrawork.Buttypically,thattranslatestohigherwages.“Thetipsgetalittlehigher,”saidJoseMiguelCruz,awaiteratTribecaGrill.“Iwouldsaytheyincreasemorethan20percent.”Cruz,whohasservedatTribecaGrillfor25years,saidtheeffortpaysoffinotherways.“Peopleenjoyit,”hesaid.“Italsoopens—eitherwinterorsummertime—anotherchancetobringmorecustomers.”

AffordabilityandconveniencematterinNewYork,wherethecostoflivingishigh.“RestaurantWeekisgreatbecauseyoucantryeverythingyoucan,”saidNewYorkresidentMarioMilana.“Youhavegoodmenus,andusuallyawineselectionthatgoeswelltogether.”AnotherNewYorker,KimBible,saidRestaurantWeekprovides“anincentivetogotorestaurantswhenyouusuallywouldn’tgoout”.

NewYork’sRestaurantWeekmodelhassincebeencopiedinothercitiesacrossthenation.Itworkssowellbecauseitprovidesrealvalue.

1.Thesamecuisineonanyotherdayoftheyearwouldcostatmost　　　. 

A.38dollarsB.44dollars

C.50dollarsD.57dollars

2.Withmuchlowerprices,somanyrestaurantsstillwanttogetinbecause　　　. 

A.theoverallsalescangoup

B.theycanbuildagoodreputation

C.NYC&Companyasksthemtodothat

D.itisachancetoenjoyaculinaryexperience

3.Theunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph5means“　　　”. 

A.promiseB.attraction

C.needD.appointment

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutNewYork’sRestaurantWeek?

A.Itbenefitsalotofpeople.

B.Itfaceseconomicdifficulties.

C.Itshoulddevelopinacreativeway.

D.Itreducestheoverallcostofliving.

【解题导语】本文为说明文,题材为日常生活类。

从1992年开始,纽约美食周通过比平时低很多的价格,向大众介绍美食,吸引游客和纽约人。

1.D　推理判断题。

由第二段可知,美食周最高价是38美元一份,平时的最高价要比美食周的价格高出50%,即需要多花19美元,38+19=57,故选D项。

2.A　细节理解题。

由第三段的“...benefitfromanincreaseinoverallbusiness.‘It’sreallyanhonourtogetin,andpeoplewanttobein,’hesaid.‘It’sobviouslyeconomicallybeneficialtotherestaurantswhoparticipateintheevent’.”可知,在美食周,尽管价格比平时低了许多,但饭店的整体收益有所增加。

3.B　词义猜测题。

由画线词所在语境可知,纽约的生活成本很高,而在美食周,一些饭店以低廉的价格提供多样化的美食,这吸引了平时不外出用餐的人,故选B项。

4.A　推理判断题。

由第三段可知,参加美食周的饭店的成交额会得到增加;由第四段可知,在美食周,虽然服务员的工作量增加了,但他们可以得到更多的小费;由第五段MarioMilana所说的可知,在美食周,人们可以尝试很多不同的菜品、品尝不同的美酒,由KimBible所说的可知,美食周激发了人们外出用餐的热情,故选A项。

B

（2018·安徽省江淮十校2018届高三第二次联考）

AstronautScottKellyhasbeenlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）sinceMarch28,2015.Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeepingintheformofrepairs.

ThatiswhyKellyandfellowastronautKjellLindgrenperformedextravehicular（舱外的）activity（EVA）outsidethestation.Theoperationbeganat8:

03amandlastedformorethansevenhours.Itwasthefirstspacewalkforbothmen.

TheISShasbeeninconstantusefor15yearsandhashostedover200people,includingastronautsandprivatetourists.DuringtheirEVA,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewcablesthatwouldprovidepowertodockingports（对接舱门）onthestation.Thetwoastronautsalsofixedathermal（保暖的）coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromtheharshtemperaturesofspace.

Astheseniorastronaut,Kellyledthespacewalk.However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.

Duringaspacewalk,thesimplestworkbecomesadifficulttask.KellyandLindgrenspentmonthstrainingandpracticingfortheoperation.ThepreparationbeganinNASA’sNeutralBuoyancyLab（NBL）,whereastronautsweremadetoworkinanenvironmentsimilartotheoneoutsidethespacestation.

Evengettingthespacesuitsreadycantakedays.Whileeachsuitisbuilttofitperfectlytheastronautwhowillwearit,adjustmentsneedtobemaderightuptothemomentwhenthespacewalkbegins.Theadjustmentsaddressanychangesintheastronauts’bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.

5.KellyandLindgrenperformedthespacewalkjustto　　　. 

A.receiveanoperationinspace

B.carryoutascientificexperiment

C.testwhethertheISSwasworkingwell

D.dosomethingfortheISStoworkwell

6.Lindgrenhandledsomemoredifficultworkbecausehe　　　. 

A.isyoungerthanKelly

B.likestobechallenged

C.ismoreskillfulthanKelly

D.hasaphysicaladvantageoverKelly

7.WhywerethetwoastronautstrainedinNBL?

A.Tosimplifytheirdailywork.

B.Toadapttoworkinginspace.

C.Totesttheirabilitiestoperformaspacewalk.

D.Tomakepreparationsforadjustingspacesuits.

8.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A.TheISShasonlyhostedastronauts.

B.One’sbodyisdifferentinsizeinspace.

C.TheISShascontrolledthetemperaturesofspace.

D.Spacesuitsadjustthemselvestothegravity-freeenvironment.

【解题导语】本文为说明文。

主要介绍两名宇航员太空漫步的情况。

5.D　细节理解题。

根据第一段和第二段的第一句可知,两名宇航员太空漫步旨在给国际空间站做一些维护工作。

6.D　细节理解题。

根据第四段第二句可知,Lindgren是因其身体上的优势才肩负着更具挑战性的工作。

7.B　推理判断题。

根据第五段第三句可知,实验室模仿了太空站外的环境,由此可推知他们在实验室训练旨在适应在太空环境下工作。

8.B　推理判断题。

由最后一段最后一句可知,太空服需要根据人体在失重环境下发生的变化而做出调整,故选B项。

C

（2018·武汉市武昌区高三年级三月调研考试）

Kandareallydoesn'tliketowalkalone.Thescientistfromaresearchinstituteofintelligentrobotsfindstheexperiencesoboringthathe'dratherdrive—eventhoughhelivesclosetohislabandknowsthatwalkingishealthy.“Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone,likewithmywife,withmydaughter，”Kandasaid.“Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.”

SoKanda,whospecializesinhumanlikebots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.Thebotrestsonaperson'sshoulderlikeaboxyparrot.Itweighsaboutapoundandahalfandsitsroughly8.5incheshigh,andis3.5incheswideand10incheslong.Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.It'sevenequippedwithasmile.

Kandaandhisteamcollectedvideofromfivedifferentlocations,includingagardenandashoppingmall,andcreatedadatasetofsmalltalktopicsrelatedtoeachlocation.Thentheyprogrammedtherobottoassociatevisualcueswithspecifictopics.Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcars,forexample,itmightsay,“Inabigparkinglot,sometimesIforgetwhereIparked.”

Theytestedtheroboton15volunteers,10malesand5females,whowerepaidandaveragedabout26yearsold.“Haveyoueverblownapuffofdandelion（蒲公英）seedsintotheair？

”Therobotaskedaparticipant，whosmiledandresponded,“Yes,IoftendidthatwhenIwasachild.”Althoughseveralparticipantsnotedtherobot'sweight,Kandawassurprisedthatnooneconsideredtheexperiencestrangeorfunny.“Iguesspeopleenjoynewtechnologies，”hesaid.

Justlikeahumanpartner,Kanda'shotisn'tperfect.It'snotabletogoforwalksinheavyrainand,whiletherobotcanmakeexpressions,itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried.Despiteitslimits,Kandawascomfortedbythebot'spresence.“Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone，”hesaid,“particularlywhenitspoke.”

【文章大意】　本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人散步的机器人。

【难句分析】SoKanda,whospecializesinhumanlikebots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings,which,hehopes,mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.

分析：

本句是一个复合句。

who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Kanda;that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词aroboticwalkingpartner;which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面的整个分句。

译文：

因此专门研究人类机器人的Kanda发明了一个可以陪人们散步的机器人，这个机器人能够基于周围的环境和人闲谈，他希望这样可以激发人们走出去，多锻炼。

9.WhydoesKandahavetheideaofdevelopingaroboticwalkingpartner?

A．Becausehewantssomeonetoaccompanyhimwhilewalking.

B．Becausehehasneverdevelopedarobotlikeaparrot.

C．Becausehisfamilyareunwillingtowalkwithhim.

D．Becauseheiscrazyaboutdevelopingrobots.

答案与解析：

A　考查细节理解。

根据第一段的“‘Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone,likewithmywife,withmydaughter，’Kandasaid.‘Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.’”可知，Kanda发明陪人散步的机器人的原因是想找个人在他散步时陪他，故选A。

10.Whatcharacteristicdoestherobothave?

A．Itcan“speak”and“see”．

B．Itcanwalklikeahumanbeing.

C．Itcancommunicatewithpeoplefreely.

D．Itismuchmorehumorousthanarealperson.

答案与解析：

A　考查推理判断。

根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.”以及第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...withavoice.”可推知，这种机器人可以说话还可以看，故选A。

11．Whatisnecessaryfortherobottofunction?

A．Asmallsize.

B．Aboxyshape.

C．Ahumanpartner.

D．Aspeechsoftware.

答案与解析：

D　考查细节理解。

根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophone,aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.”和第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.”可知，这种机器人是要配备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特殊的语音软件的，故选D。

12．WhatisKandamostlikelytodoabouthisrobotnext?

A．Tomakeitmoreconvenienttocarry.

B．Toimproveitsconversationalskills.

C．Toenableittowalkinheavyrain.

D．Tobetteritssoundsystem.

答案与解析：

B　考查推理判断。

根据最后一段第二句的“...itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKanda