阅读理解记叙文知识点梳理及经典练习超详细word.docx

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阅读理解记叙文知识点梳理及经典练习超详细word.docx

阅读理解记叙文知识点梳理及经典练习超详细word

阅读理解记叙文知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)(word)

一、英语阅读理解记叙文(含答案详细解析)

1.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的几个选项中,选出最佳选项。

   Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:

Howmanyplasticstraws(吸管)doAmericansuseeveryday?

   Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsofresearch,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.

   Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown–Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthat,therestaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.

   Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmorerestaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,SeattlebecamethefirstAmericancitytocompletelyban(禁止)plasticstraws.

   Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneightmilliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.

   Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws.

   "Focusing(聚焦)onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,"Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,asakid,couldmakeadifference,too."

(1)WhendidMiloCressstarttocareabouttheproblemofstraws?

A. Tenyearsago.                 

B. Intheyear2011.                 

C. Intheyearthathewas9.

(2)CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinorderto    .

A. getagoodscoreinscienceathisschool

B. encouragepeopletoreduceplasticwaste

C. becomeafamouspersoninhishometown

(3)WhatdidCressaskarestaurantinBurlingtontodo?

A. Stopofferingstrawstoitscustomers.

B. Preventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.

C. Countthenumberofstrawsituseseveryday.

(4)Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecause    .

A. theyarethemostseriousproblemtoday

B. scientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluence

C. theyhelppeoplegetusedtousingsingle-useplastics

(5)Overtheyears,Cresshas    .

①spreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates

②askedSeattletocompletelybanplasticbags

③countedtheplasticstrawsintheoceaneveryyear

④spokentoteensaroundtheworldaboutplasticwaste

A. ①③                                         

B. ②③                                         

C. ①④

【答案】

(1)C

(2)B

(3)A

(4)C

(5)C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害,Cress用环保吸管替代塑料吸管。

(1)细节题。

根据Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:

Howmanyplasticstraws(吸管)doAmericansuseeveryday可知9岁的时候,米洛·克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了,故选C。

(2)细节题。

根据 Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedthe BeStrawFree projectin2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾,他在2011年创建了无稻草项目,故选B。

(3)细节题。

根据Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder,可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管,故选A。

(4)细节题。

根据Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。

它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品,故选C。

(5)细节题。

根据CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates和Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld可知这些年来,克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国,并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题,故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。

 

2.阅读下列材料,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

   CinyeeChiu,anartistfromTaiwan,isalwayshappytotrysomethingnew.Heramazingworkswonlotsofprizes.Amongthem,"24SolarTerms(节气)"isthemostpopular.

   AncientChinesedividedayearinto24partsaccordingtothechangesoftheweather.It'sthe24solarterms.Butnoteveryoneknowsthemwell.CinyeeChiuputthe24solarternsinpicturestohelppeopleunderstandthembetter.

   Cinyeeturnedeachsolartermintoananimal.Buttheseanimalsarenotjustanimals.Youcanalsofindseasonalfruits,vegetablesorbeautifulflowersonthem.

   Whenspringcomes,watergetswarmandfishstarttoswimaround.SoCinyeechosefishasasymbolofStartofSpring.Also,shedrewspringvegetables,Chinesechivesonthebackofthefish.

   WhiteDewfallsonaboutSept.8.Itshowsthebeginningofthecoolautumn.Therearecolorfulleavesandcoolernightsatthistimeofyear.Asthetemperaturefalls,whitedew(露珠)isoftenseenonthegrassandtreesatnight.ForWhiteDew,Cinyeechosearaccoon—asmallanimalwiththickhair.Shedrewwhitespots(小圆点)ontheraccoontoshowdew.Andsheusedthedragonfruittoshowtherichcolorsinautumn.

   TheyoungartistreallygavetheancientChinesecultureanewlook.

(1)Thewritergave____examplestoshowCinyee's"24SolarTerms".

A. two                                     B. three                                     C. four                                     D. five

(2)FromParagraph5,weknowthat____.

A. araccoonlikesfish

B. StartofSpringfallsonaboutDec.8

C. WhiteDewshowstheendoftheautumn

D. Cinyeeusedwhitespotstoshowdew

(3)Accordingtothepassage,Picture____can'tbefromCinyee's"24SolarTerms".

A. 

B. 

C. 

D. 

(4)Thewritermainlywantstotalkabout____.

A. whyCinyeemadeherselfknown

B. whodividedayearinto24parts

C. howCinyeeshowedthe24solarterms

D. whatStartofSpringandWhiteDewmean

【答案】

(1)A

(2)D

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】【分析】文章大意:

艺术家辛业秋以图片的形式将中国的二十四节气变成24种动物及相应的季节性的水果、蔬菜或美丽的花朵,帮助人们更好地理解它们。

(1)理解归纳题。

通读文中的第四、五段可知,本文列举了两个实例来说明了辛业秋二十四节气的表现方式及内容,故选A。

(2)细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Shedrewwhitespots(小圆点)ontheraccoontoshowdew.理解可知,Cinyee 用白点来显示白露,故选D。

(3)细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Cinyeeturnedeachsolartermintoananimal.Buttheseanimalsarenotjustanimals.Youcanalsofindseasonalfruits,vegetablesorbeautifulflowersonthem.理解可知,在每个节气上有动物,水果,蔬菜以及鲜花。

分析四副图片可知第四幅不是来自Cinyee的二十四节气,故选D。

(4)理解归纳题。

通读全文可知,此文主要介绍了Cinyee是怎样展示中国二十四节气的,故选C。

【点评】考阅读理解。

本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案,而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解,归纳出中心思想。

3.阅读理解

   Howmanyofushavereachedintoourdrawer(抽屉)andpulledoutsocksthatdidn'tmatch?

Willyouthrowthemawaylikemostgirlsortrytoreusethem?

ThestoryofCarlyandCharleymayhelpyou.

   CarlyandCharleyarethegirlswhooftenlosetheirsocks.Atfirst,theyjustmatcheddifferentcolorsorstyleslikesomeothergirls.Butmostofthetime,thesesockscouldn'tmatchtheirclothes.SotheycameupwithanideaandstartedOddSox:

theycollectedthesesocksandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.Buttheproblemwasn'tsolved.Theystillhadmissingsocksuntiltheyrealizedthattheycouldmakeabusinessoutofit.SotheysetupSingleSox:

hegirlssellsocksinpacks(包)ofthreesoyoucanmixandmatchasyouwish.Eachpackissupercolorfulandsuperinspiring(激励人心的)—CarlyandCharleyhavewrittenwordsoneverysocktoencouragegirlstocelebratetheirdifferences.

   Andtheycarryonthetraditionofgivingback—foreverypairofsockssold,theygiveawayapairtothoseinneed.Nothingisawasteifyouhaveacreativemind.

(1)CarlyandCharleysetupOddSoxandgaveawaythesocksto           .

A. sickchildren             B. disabledwomen             C. poorstudents             D. homelesspeople

(2)Thewordsonthesocksaretoencouragegirlsto       theirdifferences.

A. match                               

B. shout                               

C. reach                               

D. celebrate

(3)Theunderlinedwords"carryon"inthethirdparagraphprobablymean      .

A. continue                            B. compare                            C. connect                            D. control

(4)Thecorrectorderofthefollowingis       .

①startedOddSox.           ②carryonthetraditionofgivingback

③setupSingleSox           ④matcheddifferentsocks

A. ①③④②                            

B. ①③②④                            

C. ④①③②                            

D. ④②0③

(5)Thepassageismainlyabouthowto      .

A. collectdifferentideas

B. buyallkindsofsocks

C. putthingstogooduse

D. throwawaythewaste

【答案】

(1)D

(2)D

(3)A

(4)C

(5)C

【解析】【分析】文章大意:

我们中有多少人把手伸进抽屉里拿出了不相配的袜子?

你会像大多数女孩一样把它们扔掉还是再利用它们?

卡莉和查理的故事也许对你有帮助。

短文讲述他们是如何处理袜子的。

(1)细节理解题,根据SotheycameupwithanideaandstartedOddSox:

theycollectedthesesocksandgavethemawaytohomelesspeople.可知,卡莉和查理把袜子收集起来送给无家可归的人,故答案是D。

(2)细节理解题,根据CarlyandCharleyhavewrittenwordsoneverysocktoencouragegirlstocelebratetheirdifferences.可知写这些话的原因是为了鼓励女孩子们来庆祝自己的与众不同,故答案是D。

(3)词义猜测题,根据theyrealizedthattheycouldmakeabusinessoutofit可知一开始他们通过售出的袜子赚钱,又根据thetraditionofgivingback—foreverypairofsockssold可知还是坚持了卖袜子要回报的传统,所以carryon的意思是坚持,继续的意思,故答案是A。

(4)细节排序题,根据段文内容可知,他们一开始把不同的袜子搭配在一起,然后建立了一个OddSox,再往后建立了独立的Sox,最后把原来的传统坚持了下来,因此正确顺序为4-1-3-2,故答案是C。

(5)主旨大意题,根据文章主要讲述了两个孩子,把没有用的袜子重新利用起来的故事,故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解,本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题和主旨大意题。

细节理解题比较简单,可直接在短文中找到答案,词义猜测题则需要结合具体语境推测出生词的意思,细节排序题也属于细节理解,只是需要我们按照文章内容去排列指定的细节,主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上,归纳出文章的中心思想。

4.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

   Meiyu,bornin1995,isfromTurkey(土耳其).Sheistheyoungestchildofherfamily.Afterhighschool,manypeoplelearnedEnglishorJapanese,butMeiyudecidedtolearnChineseinuniversity.ShelearnedChineseforfouryearsinAnkaraUniversityinTurkey,andgothernameMeiyuthere.

   MeiyufellinlovewithChineseaftergoingtouniversity.ShebecamemoreinterestedaftersheknewmoreaboutChinesehistory.Shegraduated(毕业)fromAnkaraUniversityin2017.Sinc

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