高考英语阅读理解真题汇编含答案及解析.docx

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编含答案及解析.docx

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高考英语阅读理解真题汇编含答案及解析

高考英语阅读理解真题汇编（含答案）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Amonklivedwithhisbrother,aone-eyedidiot（averystupidperson）.Oneday,whenthemonkwasscheduledtohaveaninterviewwithafamoustheologian（ascientistwhostudiesreligions）whohadcomefromfarawaytomeethim,heneededtotakecareofsomemattersandwouldthereforebeabsentwhenthetheologianarrived.Hetoldhisbrother:

"Receivethisscholarandtreathimwell！

Don'tsayawordtohim，andeverythingwillbeOK."

   Themonkleftthetemple.Uponreturning,hewenttomeethisguest.

   "Didmybrotherreceiveyouproperly?

"askedthemonk.

   "Youbrotherisoutstanding.He'sagreattheologian!

"exclaimedthetheologianwithgreatenthusiasm.

   "Whatdoyoumean?

Mybrother---atheologian?

"stuttered（结巴地说）thesurprisedmonk.

   "Wehadapassionateconversation,"repliedthescholar."Wecommunicatedprofessionallybymeansofgestures.Ishowedhimonefingerandherepliedbyshowingmetwo.Logically,Iansweredwiththreefingersandthenheastonishedmebyraisingaclosedfist,endingthedebate.Withonefinger,IimpliedtheunityofBuddha.Withtwofingers,heexpandedmypointofviewbyremindingmethatBuddhawasinseparablefromhistheory.Delightedbythereply,withthreefingersIexpressed:

Buddhaandhistheoryintheworld.Thenhesuggestedawonderfulresponse,showingmehisfist:

Buddha,histheoryandtheworld,alltogetherasonewhole."

   Alittlelater,themonkwenttolookforhisone-eyedbrother.

   "Sohowdiditgoearlierwiththetheologian?

"heasked.

   "Verysimple,"saidthebrother."Hemadefunofme;heshowmeonefingeremphasizingthatIhavebutoneeye.Notwantingtofallintotheconflict,Ishowedthathewasfortunateenoughtohavetwoeyes.Critically,hecontinued,'Bethatasitmay,betweenus,wehavethreeeyes.'Thatwasthestrawthatbrokethecamel'sback.Showinghimaclosedfist,Ithreatenedtolayhimoutrightthenandthereifhedidn'tstophisinsultingchallenges."

（1）Accordingtothepassage,themonk'sbrotherisaperson__________.

A. whowasagreattheologian                            

B. whowasathree-eyedidiot

C. whowasaone-eyedtheologian                     

D. whowasafoolwithonlyoneeye

（2）Thetheologianthoughtthemonk'sbrotherasagreattheologianbecause______.

A. thebrotherwasaone-eyedidiot                   

B. thebrothercouldcommunicateproperlyandpolitelybymeansofgestures

C. thebrotherhaddeepthoughtsofBuddhism         D. thetheologianhimselfmisunderstoodthebrother'sgestures

（3）Whatwouldthemonkdoafterheheardofhisbrother'sexplanationonhowitwentearlierwiththetheologian?

A. Themonkwouldbeveryangrywithhisbrotherandbeathim.         B. Themonkwouldbeveryhappyandpraisehim.

C. Themonkwouldapologizetothetheologianandhisbrother.         D. Themonkwouldthinkwhatafunnymisunderstandingitwas.

（4）Accordingtowhatthetheologiansaid,heconsideredthemonk'sbrother'sfisttobethemeaningof_____________.

A. athreattohim                                                 

B. anencouragementtohim

C. aunityoftheBuddha,theoryandtheworld         D. oneeyeofhimself

【答案】

（1）D

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，神学大师站在自己的角度误解了和尚的傻瓜弟弟的手势语言，让人读着忍不住发笑。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Amonklivedwithhisbrother,aone-eyedidiot（averystupidperson）.”可知，和尚的哥哥是一个只有一只眼的傻瓜。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第六段和最后一段的内容可知，神学家误解了和尚的弟弟的手势语，因此他认为和尚的弟弟是神学家。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

结合文意，由常识可推知，和尚会觉得是一个很有趣的误解。

故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第六段神学家中的“Thenhesuggestedawonderfulresponse,showingmehisfist:

Buddha,histheoryandtheworld,alltogetherasonewhole.”可知，他认为和尚弟弟的拳头意味着佛陀，理论和世界的统一。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   Anewtechnologyisgoingtoripe,onethatcouldtransformourdailylives,helptoformnewindustries,evenremoveworldeconomicpowersfromtheirpresentpositions.UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.Physicistsarecreatinganewclassofmaterialsthatdisplayanamazingpropertyunforeseeneventwoyearsago—superconductivity（超导体技术）.

   Usedtodayonlyinspecializedequipment,superconductorshavethepotentialtoradicallychangemostoftheelectricalandelectronicappliancesfoundinthehome,makingthemsmaller,morepowerfulandefficient.Theycouldfreeourcitiesofpollutionbyreplacingpetrolanddiesel（柴油）vehicleswithelectriccars,andcutthecostofelectricity.Thenewmaterialsdosomethingthateventhebestofconductorssuchascopperandsilvercannot—theydoawaywithallelectricalresistance.Thesignificancesforenergystoragearegreat.

   Thetechnologyisinitsearlystage,stillaccessibletocountriesthatdecidetoinvestbrainsandmoney.For75yearsithadremainedlittlemorethanascientificcuriositywithlimitedpracticalusebecausethephenomenonoccurredonlyatextremelylowtemperatures.Itwasfirstobservedin1911byaDutchscientistnamedHeikeKamerlinghOnnes,whocooledmercury（水银）totemperaturesbelow-269℃withliquidhelium（氦）.TheninJanuarylastyear,twoIBMscientists,K.AlexMullerandJ.GeorgeBednorz,foundametaloxideceramic（氧化陶瓷）thatsuperconductedat-243℃.TheirreportwentlargelyunnoticeduntillastDecember,whenitwasconfirmedatascientificmeetinginBoston.TodayJapan,India,ChinaandotherAsiancountriesallhavetheirshareofexpertswhospendtheirdaysandnightsinlabs,actingasmidwives（助产士）toanewtechnology.

（1）Asisindicatedinthepassage,thetechnologyofsuperconductivity____________.

A. hasalreadybeendeveloped                           

B. isstillunderdevelopment

C. willbeusedonlyinspecializedequipment         

D. willbeusedindailylivesinafewyears

（2）Thenewtechnologydiffersfromtheothersinthat____________.

A. itbeganintheEastandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld         

B. itbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld

C. itisbeingcultivatedinresearchlabsaroundtheworld         

D. itisaccessibletophysicistswhoareintelligentandrich

（3）Fromthepassage,wemayconcludethat____________.

A. Asianscientistsgaintheleadinthegrowthofthenewtechnology         

B. Dutchscientistskeptreportingnewfindingsforthelast75years

C. IBMscientists'reportreceiveimmediateattentionallovertheworld         

D. theWestwasastonishedatthenewtechnologydevelopedbytheAsians

（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A. TheProspectofaNewTechnology                

B. Superconductivity:

ANewTechnology

C. ANewTechnology:

TheKeytoChangetheWayofOurLives         

D. ANewTechnology:

AJointEffortofManyCountries

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了超导体技术的发展潜能和发展状况。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Anewtechnologyisgoingtoripe,onethatcouldtransformourdailylives,helptoformnewindustries,evenremoveworldeconomicpowersfromtheirpresentpositions.”一项新技术即将成熟，它可以改变我们的日常生活，帮助形成新的产业，甚至将世界经济强国从其目前的地位上移除；以及第三段中的“Thetechnologyisinitsearlystage,stillaccessibletocountriesthatdecidetoinvestbrainsandmoney”技术还处于早期阶段，那些决定投资于人才和资金的国家仍然可以获得这项技术，可知选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究——亚洲人走在最前线。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究——亚洲人走在最前线；以及最后一段中的“TodayJapan,India,ChinaandotherAsiancountriesallhavetheirshareofexpertswhospendtheirdaysandnightsinlabs,actingasmidwives（助产士）toanewtechnology.”今天，日本，印度，中国和其它亚洲国家都有自己的专家，白天和晚上都在实验室里，充当一种新技术的助产士，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，第一段首先提出一项新技术，第二段说明了这项技术的发展潜能，最后一段介绍这项新技术的发展状况，因此选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Itisthattimeofyearwhenpeopleneedtolocktheircars.It'snotbecausetherearealotofcriminalsrunningaroundstealingcars.Rather,it'sbecauseofthegood-heartedneighborswhowanttosharetheirharvest.Especiallywiththisyear'slargecrop,leavingacarunlockedinmyneighborhoodisaninvitationforsomeonetostuffitfullofzucchini（西葫芦）.

   Mysister-in-law,Sharon,recentlyhadagoodyearfortomatoes.Sheandherfamilyhadeatenandcannedsomanythattheybegantofeeltheirskinturnslightlyred.That'swhenshedecideditwastimetoshareherblessings.Shestartedcallingeveryonesheknew.Whenthatfailed,shebegantoaskeveryoneintheneighborhoodlikeapolitician,eventuallyfindinganeighbordelightedtohavethetomatoes."Feelfreetotakewhateveryouwant,"Sharontoldher.Shefelthappythatshecouldhelpsomeoneandthatthefooddidn'tgotowaste.

   Afewdayslater,Sharonansweredthedoor.Therewastheneighbor,holdingsomebread.Theneighborsmiledpleasantly,"Iwanttothankyouforallofthetomatoes,andIhavetoadmitthatItookafewotherthingsandhopeyouwouldn'tmind."

   Sharoncouldn'tthinkofanythingelseinhergardenthathadbeenworthharvestingandsaidno."Oh,butyoudid,"theneighborsaid."YouhadsomeoftheprettiestzucchiniI'veeverseen."

   Sharonwascon