高考英语高频词汇专题训练300道真题附解析.docx
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高考英语高频词汇专题训练300道真题附解析
高考高频词汇专题训练300道真题附解析
1.Itisnotprofitabletoprovidebusservicesindistrictswherethepopulationiswidely_____.
A.scatteredB.dismissedC.separatedD.spread
[答案]A.scattered.
[注释]scattered是scatter的过去分词,也可作形容词用,(=lyingindifferentdirections;notsituatedtogether,wideapart)分散的,散布在各处的。
Separate分开的,spread传播;摊开,dismiss解雇。
2.Thereareusuallyatleasttwo_____oflookingateveryquestion.
A.waysB.directionsC.viewsD.opinions
[答案]A.ways.
[注释]twowaysoflookingateveryquestions意指“观察每个问题的两个方面”。
3.HeleftinsuchahurrythatI_____hadtimetothankhim.
A.almostB.evenC.nearlyD.scarcely
[答案]D.scarcely.
[注释]scarcely(=hardly,notquite,almostnot)几乎没有。
Scarcely是否定副词,类似的有:
hardly,barely,rarely,seldom,little等。
研究生入学考试中经常测试这类否定副词的用法。
4.Asmoreandmorecarsareproducedandused,sothe_____fromtheirexhaust-pipescontainsanevenlargervolumeofpoisonousgas.
A.exposureB.distributionC.expansionD.emission
[答案]D.emission.
[注释]emission散发物,发射。
exposure(to)暴露于:
Theybelievethattheirhealthproblemsaretheresultofyearsofexposuretofinecottondust.(他们认为,他们的健康问题是多年来暴露于棉花粉尘所致。
)
expansion膨胀,扩大;Heatcausestheexpansionofgas.
本题译文:
正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样,汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。
5.Thebookseemstohavebeen_____fromvariousbooksandarticles.
A.piecedtogetherB.takenoff
C.brokenawayD.pulledout
[答案]A.piecedtogether.
[注释]piecetogether拼合,拼凑;takeoff起飞;breakawayfrom脱离;pullout拔出;驶出;(车)减速。
6.Wehadamarvelousholiday:
onlythelasttwodayswereslightly_____bytheweather.
A.damagedB.hurtC.ruinedD.spoiled
[答案]D.spoiled.
[注释]spoiled使.....扫兴:
Ashowerofrainspoiledourday'souting.
7.Icouldtellhewassurprisedfromthe_____onhisface.
A.appearanceB.viewC.sightD.expression
[答案]D.expression.
[注释]expression此处意指“表情”。
Appearance表示人的“仪表,外表”。
8.I'dliketotake_____ofthisopportunitytothankyouallforyourcooperation.
A.profitB.benefitC.advantageD.interests
[答案]C.advantage.
[注释]takeadvantageof(=makeuseofsth.forone'sownbenefit)利用:
takeadvantageofmyignorance(利用我的无知)。
9.Ifyoueverhavethe_____togoabroadtowork,youshouldtakeit.
A.possibilityB.offerC.luckD.chance
[答案]D.chance.
[注释]chance(偶然的)机会。
Have与the(或a)possibility不能搭配;
常用Thereisapossibilityforsb.todosth.表示客观存在的“可能性”。
10.Scientiststhinktheyhave_____intheirattempttofindthecausesofsomemajordieases.
A.brokenthroughB.workedout
C.fallenoutD.gotround
[答案]A.brokenthrough.
[注释]breakthrough(=besuccessfulafterovercomingadifficulty)突破;取得重大成果:
Scientistshopetobreakthroughsoonintheirfightagainstheartdisease.(科学家希望在与心脏病斗争中很快取得重大成果。
)
本题译文:
科学家认为他们在探索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。
1.Histestresultsarenotvery_____.Hedoeswelloneweekandbadlythenext.
A.invariable B.consequent C.continuous D.consistent
[答案]D.consistent.
[注释]consistent
1)始终如一,前后一致:
Heisnotconsistentinhisstatements.(他的话并不前后一致。
)
2)与.....一致:
Thestoryisnotconsistentwiththefacts.Whatyousayisnotconsistentwithwhatyoudo.
2.Thenewsafetyregulationswereagreedonafter_____withthework-force.
A.conference B.participation
C.intervention D.consultation
[答案]D.consultation.
[注释]consultation商议:
holdaconsultationwithsb.aboutsth.(与某人商谈某事)。
conference讨论会;participation参加,参与;intervention干预,干涉。
3.Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_____ofherheart.
A.hitting B.beating C.tapping D.knocking
[答案]B.beating.
[注释]beating此处是动名词,指“(心)跳”:
Herheartwasbeatingfuriously.
4.DuringWorldWarIIMaltamanagedto_____mostofItalianandGermanbombersbythrowingupaneffectiveanti-aircraftscreen.
A.putout B.shutout C.comeacross D.getacross
[答案]B.shutout.
[注释]shutout(=preventfromcomingin;block)排除,排斥:
Theyshutoutourdustbyhavingdoublewindows.(他们用双层窗户防尘。
)
putout扑灭;getacross越过;使人了解;comeacross偶然遇到。
本题译文:
第二次世界大战中,马耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德国的轰炸机侵入。
5.IthinkweshouldletMariagocampingwithherboyfriend._____,she'sabiggirlnow.
A.Aboveall B.Afterall C.Firstofall D.Forall
[答案]B.Afterall.
[注释]afterall毕竟。
“forall+名词”意为“尽管”:
Forallhiswealth,hewasunhappy.(尽管他富有,但他并不幸福。
)
6.Jim'sclose_____tohisbrothermadepeoplemistakethemforoneanother.
A.confusion B.similarity C.resemblance D.imitation
[答案]C.resemblance.
[注释]resemblancen.像(to)。
resemble(vt.)像;
Sheresembleshermother.(=Shetakesafterhermother.)
imitation模仿;仿效;confusion混乱,混淆;similarity相似性。
7.Ithasbeendecidedthatthiscompanyhasthe_____righttoprintMr.Smith'snovels.
A.eventual B.versatile C.extensive D.exclusive
[答案]D.exclusive.
[注释]exclusive(=reservedtotheperson(s)concerned)独有的;
Thisbathroomisforthepresident'sexclusiveuse.
eventual最终的;versatile通用的,万用的;extensive广泛的。
8.Hehasrecently_____chesstoprovidehimselfwithsomerelaxation.
A.takenon B.takenup C.heldon D.heldup
[答案]B.takenup.
[注释]takeup开始从事
9.Whataterribleexperience!
_____,youaresafe,that'sthemainthing.
A.Somehow B.Anyhow C.Somewhat D.Anywhere
[答案]B.Anyhow.
[注释]anyhow(at=anyrate;inanycase)无论如何,不管怎样。
10.Johnalwaystriesto_____peoplewhoareusefultohimprofessionally.
A.develop B.provoke C.correspond D.cultivate
[答案]D.cultivate.
[注释]cultivatesb.结识(有地位的人),培养与.....的友谊:
Healwaystriestocultivaterichandfamouspeople.(他总是极力结识有钱的知名人士。
)
本题译文:
约翰总是力图结识在职业方面对他有用的人。
1.Althoughhehasn'tanyformalqualifications,Betas_____todowellforhimself.
A.managed B.succeeded C.arranged D.convinced
[答案]a.managed.
[注释]managetodosth.(=succeedindoingsth.)设法做成某事:
1)HemanagedtoescapetoSouthAmerica.(他设法逃到了南美。
)
2)Wemanagedtogetwhatwewanted,anyhow.(我们反正设法得到了需要的东西。
)
3)Doyousupposeyoucanmanagetogetmeapassport?
(你能设法给我弄到一份护照吗?
)
本题译文:
虽然他没有正式的资历,但他收入很多。
Dowellforoneself吃香,收入多,改善自己的社会地位。
2.Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficultto_____rules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaystodealwithitsownproblems.
A.setup B.putdown C.keepup D.laydown
[答案]D.laydown.
[注释]laydown制定。
3.Afterashortholiday,he_____himselfoncemoretohisstudies.
A.applied B.converted C.engaged D.exerted
[答案]A.applied.
[注释]applyoneselfto“致力于”
applyone'smindto(专心于)
applytosb.foraid(向某人求援)
applyatheorytopractice(把理论应用于实践)
4.Shefelt_____ofhavingaskedsuchasillyquestionwhentheaudiencecouldn'thelplaughing.
A.guilty B.crazy C.miserable D.ashamed
[答案]D.ashamed.
[注释]beashamedof因......感到羞耻,惭愧:
1)Heisashamedofwhathewasdone.
2)Shefeltashamedofhavingdonesolittle.(=Shefeltashamedthatshehaddonesolittle.)
3)Johnwasashamedtoaskforhelp.(他不好意思向人求助。
)
4)Jimwasashamedtohavetroubledmewithsomanyquestions.
Beguiltyof犯有......罪,过失:
1)Hewasfoundguilty.
2)Iamnotguiltyofthiscrime.
5.Thedrivercanadjusttheheatinginwinterandtheairconditioninginsummertosuithisown_____.
A.leisure B.preference C.convenience D.selection
[答案]B.preference.
[注释]preference偏爱,更加喜欢:
Mypreferenceisforbeefratherthanforlamb.(我更喜欢牛肉面不是羊肉。
)
6.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft;SoI'lltellyouaboutit_____.
A.indetail B.inbrief C.inshort D.inall
[答案]B.inbrief.
[注释]inbrief(=inafewwords)简短地(作状语),例如:
Hetoldmeinbriefwhathadhappened.(他简短地向我讲了已发生地事情。
)
此处inbrief等于briefly。
此处,inbrief(=inaword,inshort)简言之(作插入语)
1)Itisalongletter,butinbrief,hesays"No".(这是一封长信,但简言之,他说“不”。
)
2)Johnissmart,polite,andwell-behaved.Inbrief,heisadmirable.
此句中inbrief意为inaword或inshort.inshort作插入语,其意思是inaword(总之)。
Indetail详细地。
Inall总计,总共:
Thereare20inall.
7.Shegotmarriedalthoughherparentshadnotgivenhertheir_____.
A.allowance B.consent C.permit D.appreciation
[答案]B.consent.
[注释]consentn.同意,赞成;
consent(to)vi.同意,如:
consenttoaplan(同意一项计划)。
allowance津贴。
permit执照,许可证。
8.Therainwasheavyand_____thelandwasflooded.
A.consequentlyB.constantly
C.continuouslyD.consistently
[答案]A.consequently.
[注释]consequently(asaresult)因而,所以。
9.Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften_____peopletowritepoems.
A.convinced B.inspired C.induced D.attracted
[答案]B.inspired.
[注释]inspired鼓舞,激励,产生:
1)Hisspeechinspiredustotryagain.
2)Heinspiredconfidenceinme.(他使我产生信心。
)
3)Thegoodnewsinspireduswithhope.(这个好消息使我们产生希望。
)
10.Fromthecheersandshoutsof_____,Igatheredthathewaswinningtherace.
A.stimulus B.urgency C.encouragement D.promotion
[答案]C.encouragement.
[注释]encouragement鼓励,支持:
shoutsofencouragement(鼓励的欢呼声)。
本题译文:
从欢呼声和鼓励声中,我猜想他正在赢得这场竞赛。
1.Sheonceagainwentthroughhercompositioncarefullyto_____allspellingmistakesfromit.
A.withdraw B.abandon C.diminish D.eliminate
[答案]D.eliminate.
[注释]eliminate(=getridof,doawaywith)消除,排除,淘汰:
1)Canthegovernmenteliminatepoverty?
(政府能否消除贫困?
)
2)eliminateslangwordsformanessay