杨鹏难句裸版.docx

杨鹏难句裸版.docx

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杨鹏难句裸版

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1.Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.

2.Adesiretothrowoverrealityalightthatneverwasmightgiveawayabruptlytothedesireonthepartofwhatwemightconsideranovelist-scientisttorecordexactlyandconcretelythestructureandtextureofaflower.

3.Hardy’sweaknessderivedfromhisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsofthesedivergentimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyones.（3）

4.VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics，sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe"poetic"novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividualconsciousness.（5）

5.AssheputitinTheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaythatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanotherbecauseofanythingChaucersaidorwrote;andyet,aswereadhim,weareabsorbingmoralityateverypore.”（5-）

6.Withtheconclusionofaburstactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerabletoattackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent（inpart）backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.（4+）

7.AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent，heshowsthattheslaves’preference，revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent，wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.（3+）

8.GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof-andsowascrucialinsustaining-theBlackheritageoffolklore，music，andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother，aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.（4）

9.Thispreferenceforexogamy，Gutmansuggests，mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanrulesgoverningmarriage，which，thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother，allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.（3+）

10.HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates，buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas"racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,"canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.（4+）

11.Suchvariationsinsize,shape,chemistry,conductionspeed,excitationthreshold,andthelikeashadbeendemonstratedinnervecellsremainednegligibleinsignificanceforanypossiblecorrelationwiththemanifolddimensionsofmentalexperience.（5）

12.Itwaspossibletodemonstratebyothermethodsrefinedstructuraldifferencesamongneurontypes;however,proofwaslackingthatthequalityoftheimpulseoritsconditionwasinfluencedbythesedifferences,whichseemedinsteadtoinfluencethedevelopmentalpatterningoftheneuralcircuits.（5）

13.Althoughqualitativevarianceamongnerveenergieswasneverrigidlydisproved，thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandonedinfavoroftheopposingview，namely，thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas"commoncurrency"throughoutthenervoussystem.（4）

15.Althoughsomeexperimentsshowthat，asanobjectbecomesfamiliar，itsinternalrepresentationbecomesmoreholisticandtherecognitionprocesscorrespondinglymoreparallel，theweightofevidenceseemstosupporttheserialhypothesis，atleastforobjectsthatarenotnotablysimpleandfamiliar.（4+）

16.Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement，historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.（3+）

17.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact–realAmazoniansocieties–butrathertooffer“morallessons”onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen’sruleintheirownsociety.（4）

18.Thus，forinstance，itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequationforthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom，butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin，magneticdipole，andrelativisticeffects；andthatthiscorrectedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfield-theoreticalequations.（5）

19.Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument，sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged，whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.

20.However，astheygainedcohesion，theBluestockingscametoregardthemselvesasawomen’sgroupandtopossessasenseoffemalesolidaritylackinginthesalonnieres，whoremainedisolatedfromoneanotherbytheprimacyeachheldinherownsalon.（4-）

21.Asmyownstudieshaveadvanced，Ihavebeenincreasinglyimpressedwiththefunctionalsimilaritiesbetweeninsectandvertebratesocietiesandlesssowiththestructuraldifferencesthatseem，atfirstglance，toconstitutesuchanimmensegulfbetweenthem.（5）

22.Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrompoliticalcircumstances，itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesinwaysotherthanideological，andtalkingaboutnovelsandstoriesprimarilyasinstrumentsofideologycircumventsmuchofthefictionalenterprise.（4）

23.Isthisadefect，oraretheauthorsworkingoutof，ortryingtoforge，adifferentkindofaesthetic?

（3）

24.Inaddition,thestyleofsomeBlacknovels,likeJeanToomer’sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism;doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportraysthefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusuallyconveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?

（5）

25.BlackFictionsurveysawidevarietyofnovels,bringingtoourattentionintheprocesssomefascinatingandlittle-knownworkslikeJamesWeldonJohnson’sAutobiographyofanEx-ColoredMan.（4）

26.Althoughthesemoleculesallowradiationatvisiblewavelengths，wheremostoftheenergyofsunlightisconcentrated，topassthrough，theyabsorbsomeofthelonger-wavelength，infraredemissionsradiatedfromtheEarth’ssurface，radiationthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedbackintospace.（4）

27.Therolethoseanthropologistsascribetoevolutionisnotofdictatingthedetailsofhumanbehaviorbutoneofimposingconstraints—waysoffeeling，thinking，andactingthat"comenaturally"inarchetypalsituationsinanyculture.（4）

28.Whichofthefollowingmostprobablyprovidesanappropriateanalogyfromhumanmorphologyforthe“details”versus“constraints”distinctionmadeinthepassageinrelationtohumanbehavior?

（5）

29.Alownumberofalgalcellsinthepresenceofahighnumberofgrazerssuggested，butdidnotprove，thatthegrazershadremovedmostofthealgae.（3+）

30.Perhapsthefactmanyofthesefirststudiesconsideredonlyalgaeofasizethatcouldbecollectedinanet（netphytoplankton）,apracticethatoverlookedthesmallerphytoplankton（nannoplankton）thatwenowknowgrazersaremostlikelytofeedon,ledtoade-emphasisoftheroleofgrazersinsubsequentresearch.（5）

31.StudiesbyHargraveandGeenestimatednaturalcommunitygraz-ingratesbymeasuringfeedingratesofindividualzooplanktonspeciesinthelaboratoryandthencomputingcommunitygrazingratesforfieldconditionsusingtheknownpopulationdensityofgrazers.（5）

32.Intheperiodsofpeakzooplanktonabundance，thatis，inthelatespringandinthesummer，Haneyrecordedmaximumdailycommunitygrazingrates，fornutrient-poorlakesandboglakes，respectively，of6.6percentand114percentofdailyphytoplanktonproduction.（3+）

33.Thehydrologiccycle，amajortopicinthisscience，isthecompletecycleofphenomenathroughwhichwaterpasses，beginningasatmosphericwatervapor，passingintoliquidandsolidformasprecipitation，thencealongandintothegroundsurface，andfinallyagainreturningtotheformofatmosphericwatervaporbymeansofevaporationandtranspiration.（4）

34.Onlywhenasystempossessesnaturalorartificialboundariesthatassociatethewaterwithinitthehydrologiccyclemaytheentiresystemproperlybetermedhydrogeologic.（4）

35.ThehistorianFrederickJ.Turnerwroteinthe1890’sthattheagrariandiscontentthathadbeendevelopingsteadilyintheUnitedStatessinceabout1870hadbeenprecipitatedbytheclosingoftheinternalfrontier——thatis，thedepletionofavailablenewlandneededforfurtherexpansionoftheAmericanfarmingsystem.（4）

36.Intheearly1950’s，historianswhostudiedpreindustrialEurope（whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800）began，forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers，toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite：

thekings，generals，judges，nobles，bishops，andlocalmagnateswhohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks.（4）

37.HistorianssuchasLeRoyLaduriehaveusedthedocumentstoextractcasehistories，whichhaveilluminatedtheattitudesofdifferentsocialgroups（theseattitudesinclude，butarenotconfinedto，attitudestowardcrimeandthelaw）andhaverevealedhowtheauthoritiesadministeredjustice.（3+）

38.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassage