剑桥商务英语中级模拟14.docx

剑桥商务英语中级模拟14.docx

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剑桥商务英语中级模拟14

Test1

READING1hour

READING

PARTONE

Questions1—7

·Lookatthestatementsandthecompanynewsreportsbelow.

·Whichnewsreports（A,B,CorD）doeseachstatement1—7referto?

·Foreachsentence1-7,markoneletter（A,B,C,orD）onyourAnswerSheet.

·Youwillneedtousesomeofthelettersmorethanonce.

1.Thisjobwouldbeunsuitableifyouwerelookingforlong-termemployment.

2.Inthisjob,youwouldhavetoreporttomorethanoneperson.

3.Inthisjob,theofficialworkinghourswillchangefromweektoweek.

4.Previousexperiencesisactuallynotrequiredforthisjob.

5.Thesuccessfulapplicantmustbepreparedtoworklonghoursforthisjob.

6.Thiscompanylikestopromotepeoplefromwithinthefirm.

7.Theknowledgeofcomputerskillswouldhelpyougetthisjob.

A

MarketingSecretary

WeareseekingabrilliantlyorganisedandmaturedepartmentsecretarytoactasPAtotheHeadofMarketingandprovideadministrativesupporttothreeotherbusydepartmentheads.Thesuccessfulapplicantmusthavestrongsecretarialskillandknowledgeofup-to-dateinformationtechnology.Agoodsenseofhumourandexcellentcommunicationskillsareessential.

B

ScienceMarketingAssistant

Thispositionwouldsuitarecentsciencegraduatewithaninterestindevelopingacareerinmarketinginpublishingenvironment.Marketingexperienceispreferablebutnotessentialasfulltrainingwillbegiven.Thecompanyalsohasastronginternalrecruitmentpolicy.

C

AssistantMuseumManager

ReportingdirectlytotheManager.Yourrolewillbetohelpimprovevisitorservices.Theflexible35-hourweekwillregularlyinvolveworkingweekendsandevenings.Previousexperienceofworkinginasimilarroleisrequired.Thisisinitiallyaone-yearappointmentbutmaybeextended.

D

InternationalManagementConsultant

Suitablebilingualapplicantswillhaveworkedinasimilarpositionhereorabroadforatleasttwoyears.Excellentcommunicationandpresentationskillsarevital,asisthewillingnesstoinvestthenecessarytimeinordertosucceedinahighlycompetitiveandchallengingmarket.

PARTTWO

Questions8—12

·Readthearticlebelowaboutchangesinworkingtime.

·Choosethebestsentencetofillineachofthegaps.

·Foreachgap8—12,markoneletter（A—G）onyourAnswerSheet.

·Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.

·Oneanswerhasbeengivenasanexample.

·Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.

TheNatureofMoney

Seeifyoucanlocatea$5,$10,or$20billprintedbefore1964andmarked"FederalReserveNote"overtheportrait.Intheupper-leftportionabovetheseal,astatementwritteninfineprintsaysthatthenoteislegaltender（法定货币）andthatit"isredeemable（可兑现的）inlawfulmoneyattheUnitedStatesTreasury（美国财政部）,oratanyFederalReserveBank."Doesthismeanthatthebillisnotlawful?

Atthebottomcenterthesamebillsays,"WillpaytothebearerondemandXdollars."（8）.

（9）.Manypeoplebelievethatmoneyhasnovalueunless（10）.TheythinkthattheFederalReservenoteisonlyasymbolformoney,andthatrealmoneyisthepreciousmetalbackingthenote.Somepeoplelookonmoneyaswealthandbelievethatitmusthaveintrinsic（内在的）value.

Ifweweretostudythehistoryofmoney,wewouldfindthat（11）.Cattle,shell,beads（珠子）,tobaccoleaves,andvariousmetals—includingiron,zinc（锌）,bronze（青铜）,andcopper—haveallbeenusedasabasisofexchange.Thepreciousmetals,particularlysilverandgold,haveprovedmostsatisfactoryforthispurposeandhavebeenmostcommonlyusedinmoderntimes.

Untilearly1968,theUnitedStatesbackeditsFederalReserveNoteswith25percentgold,butthisdidnotmeanthat（12）.Clearly,itisnotwhatmoneyisbutwhatitdoesthatisimportant.

Aitisbackedbygoldorsilver.

Bindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesavarietyofthingshavebeenusedasmoney.

CSeeifyoucanlocatea$5,$10,or$20billprintedbefore1964andmarked"FederalReserveNote"overtheportrait.

Dcitizenscouldusegoldasmoneyorconvertpaperdollartogold.

Etherefore,thepreciousmetalscanbetakenasmoney.

FDoesitmeanthatyourX-dollarbillisnotXdollars?

GMuchconfusionexistsabouttherealnatureofmoney.

PARTTHREE

Questions13—18

·ReadthearticlebelowaboutCommonStockandPreferredStockandthequestions.

·Foreachquestion13～18,markoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet.

CommonStockandPreferredStock

Apubliccorporationissuescertificatesofownership,calledcommonstock,whichmaybetradedonstockexchanges.Anyonecanbuyandsellsharesofcommonstock.Ownersofstockarereferredtoasshareholdersandstockholders.Commonstockholdersareaccordedcertainrightsbythecorporatecharter.IntheUnitedStates,theserightsvaryfromstatetostate,butingeneralthearticlesofincorporationspelloutvotingrightsandrightstoreceiveprofits.

CommonstockholdersarethevotingownersofaCorporation.Theyareusuallyentitledtoonevotepershare.Theymayvoteonnumerousaffectingthecorporation（includingadecisiontosellormergewithanthercorporation）andelectaboardofdirectors,who,inturn,hiremanagerstorunthebusiness.Amajorityshareholderisonewhoownsover50percentoftheoutstandingsharesinacorporationand,thus,cancalltheshots.Allothershareholdersareminorityshareholders.Inlargecorporationsnosinglepersonororganizationownsanywherenearamajorityinterest.Inlarge,publiclyownedcorporationsashareholderwithaslittleas10percentofthesharesmaycontrolthecorporationeffectively.Ifthingsgobadly,acoalitionofsocalleddissidentshareholdersmaygatherenoughvotestoreplacetheexistingboardofdirectors;thenewboardmayfiretheexistingmanagementandbringintheirownmanagementteam.

Althoughcommonstockrepresentsownershipinacompany,itdoesnotguaranteetheownersaspecifiedrateofreturn.Asowners,thestockholdersreceiveprofitsafterallexpenses,includingdebtsandtaxes,havebeenpaid.Theyreceiveprofitsfromthebusinessintheformofdividendpayments,whichrepresentapercentageofprofits.Notallafter-taxprofitsarepaidtothestockholdersindividends.Directorsusuallydecidequarterlyhowmuch,ifany,iftheprofitstheywishtodistributedtotheowners.Theprofitsareeitherdistributedtotheownersindividendsortheyarereinvestedbankintothecompanyintheformofretainedearnings.Ifthecompanydecidestokeeptheprofits,thecompanymaybecomemorevaluableandthepriceofthestockusuallygoesup.Someinvestorspreferprofitsinthewayofdividendswhileothersspeculateforanincreaseinthepriceofstock.Ifacompanygoesbroke,commonstockholdersgetlastclaimonwhateverisleftover.

Corporationsmayalsoissuepreferredstocktoinvestors.Preferredstockusuallyhasnovoteintheelectionoftheboardofdirectors,butdoesgetpreferenceinthedistributionofthecompany'searnings.Itoffersinvestorsadifferenttypeofsecurityandmaybeissuedonlyaftercommonstockhadbeenissued.Theterm"preferred"appliestotwoconditions.First,preferredstockholdersgainpreferentialtreatmentinthematterofdividends）Thatis,theyreceiveafixedfeteofdividendspriortothepaymentofdividendsoncommonshares.Second,ifthecompanygoesoutofbusinessorliquidates,preferredstockholdersareclosertothefrontofthelinethancommonstockholderswhendistributingthecompany'sassets.

Dividendstopreferredstockmaybecumulativeornoncumulative.Cumulativepreferredstockmaintaineditsclaimtodividendsevenifthecompanyhadabadyearin1994,theymightdecidenottopaydividends.Butiftheyhadagoodyearin1995,anddeclaredstockdividendsdonotaccumulate,Ifdividendsarenotdeclared,noncumulativeownerslosetheirclaimtotheprofitofthatperiod.

Allinall,commonstockusuallyhasmorecontrolthroughvotingprivileges,greaterchanceforhighreturns,andmorerisk,whilepreferredstockusuallyhaslesscontrol,fixedreturns,lessrisks,andlesschanceforbiggains.

13.Thesecondparagaphdescribes______.

A.thereturnstocommonstockholders

B.themajorityandminoritystockholders

C.thevotingrightsofcommonstockholders

D.theformationofcommonstock

14.Commonstocktradedonstockexchangesrepresents______.

A.thevotingrightsthestockholdershave

B.thestocksharedbycommonpeople

C.theprofitstheshareholdersreceive

D.theownershipofapubliccorporation

15.Oneofthedifferencesbetweencommonstockandpreferredstockliesinthat______.

A.theformerissaferingettingdividends

B.commonstockholdersgetmorestableprofits

C.thelattergetsmorefixedreturns

D.preferredstockholdershavemorerightsinvoting

16.Themainpurposeof,thethirdparagraphistotellus______.

A.therateofreturnstothestockholders

B.theriskofcommonstockholders

C.thedistributionofprofitstothestockholders

D.thebenefitsofcommonstock

17.Forthosewhowanttogethighreturns,itisbetterforthemtobuy______.

A.preferredstock

B.commonstock

C.noncumulativestock

D.cumulativestock

18.Withcumulativepreferredstock,stockholderscan______.

A.claimtotheformerprofitswhenthecompanyhasagoodyear

B.havemorecontroloverthecompany

C.claimtotheformerprofitswhenthecompanyhadabadyear

D.receivehighreturns

PARTFOUR

Questions19—33

·Readthearticlebelowaboutpublicimage.

·Choosethebestwordtofilleachgap,fromA,B,CorD.

·Foreachquestion19—33,markoneletter（A,B,CorD）onyourAnswerSheet.

·Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.

SignificaneofthePublic