北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试.docx
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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2011年11月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
PartⅠReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThereflectivetowersofNewYorkCity,whichisontheAtlanticmigrating(迁徙的)route,canbedeadlyforbirds.“Weliveinanageofglass,”saidMs.Laurel,anarchitect.(76)“Itcanbeaperfectmirrorincertainlights,andthelargertheglass,themoredangerousitis.”About90,000birdsarekilledbyflyingintobuildinginthecityeachyear.Often,theystrikethelowerlevelsofglasstowersaftersearchingforfoodinnearbyparks.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcauseofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat(栖息地)loss,withanestimatednumberofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.
(77)Asglassofficeandapartmenttowershaveincreasedinthelastdecade,so,too,havecallstomakethemlessdeadlytobirds.SanFranciscoadoptedbird-safetystandardfornewbuildinginJuly.TheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil,anonprofitindustrygroupthatencouragesthecreationofenvironmentallyconsciousbuildings,willintroduceabird-safetycreditthisaspartofitsenvironmentalcertificationprocess.
Therearenoeasyfixes,however.Afewresearchersareexploringglassdesignsthatuseultraviolet(紫外线的)signals,buttheyarestillintheirinfancy.Covers,dotpatterns,shadesandnetarethemainoptionsavailable.
Often,onlyonesectionofabuildingneedstobechanged.“Youdon‘tnecessarilyhavetotreateverywindow,”Ms.Laurelsaid.“Itwouldbetooexpensivetodothewholebuilding.”TheJacobConventionCenter,whichhasbeenundergoingalterations,themostrecentbuildingtovoluntarilycorrecttheproblemofbirdcrashes.Thearchitectsusedlessreflectiveglassanddotpatterns.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.NewYorkisacityofglasstowers.
B.Glasstoweraredangerousformigratingbirds.
C.NewYorkadoptednewsafetystandardsforbuildings.
D.GlasstowersareanewtrendintheUnitedStates.
2.Whatisthenumberonecauseofdeathformigratingbirds?
A.ClimatechangeB.Habitatloss C.LackoffoodD.Crashingintobuildings.
3.Whatdoestheword“fixes”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?
A.ChoicesB.Explanations C.SolutionsD.Developments
4._____areusedinthealterationoftheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenter.
A.DotpatternsB.Shades C.NetsD.Covers
5.WhichofthefowlingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Inmanycases,thewholebuildingneedstobealteredtopreventbirdcrashes.
B.TheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenteristhefirstbuildingtodealwiththeproblemofbirdcrashes.
C.About90,000birdsarekilledduetohabitatlossinNewYorkCityeachyear.
D.Unfortunately,glassdesignsthatuseultravioletsignalsarestillintheirearlystages.
Passage2
Question6to10arebasedonthefowlingpassage:
Today‘sstudentshavegrownuphearingmoreaboutBillGatesthanF.D.R.,andtheyliveinaworldwhereamazinginnovations(革新)arecommon.Thecurrent18-year-olds,afterall,were8whenGooglewasfoundedbytwostudentsatStanford;MarkZuckerbergfoundedFacebookin2004whilehewasHarvardandtheywereenteringhighschool.Havinggrownupdigital(数字的),theyareimpatienttogetonwithlife.
Theeasiestwaytofindkidsliketheseistocheckinonentrepreneurship(企业家才能)education,inwhichcollegesanduniversitiestrytopreparetheirstudentstorecognizeopportunitiesandseizethem.
AreportpublishedlastyearbytheKauffmanFoundation,whichfinancesprogramstopromoteinnovationoncampuses,notedthatmorethan50,000entrepreneurshipprogramsareofferedontwo-andfour-yearcampuses—upfromjust250coursesin1985.LesaMitchell,aKauffmanvicepresident,saysthatthefoundationisextendingthereachofitsacademicinfluence,whichusedtobefoundonlyinbusinessschools.Now,theconceptofentrepreneurshipisbloominginengineeringprogramsandmedicalschool,andevenintheliberalarts.“Ourinterestistheprograms,”shesays.“Weneedtospreadoutfromthebusinessschool.”
Eitherasclassprojectsorontheirown,studentsinavarietyofmajorsarecomingupwithideas,writingbusinessplansandseeingthemthroughtoprototypeand,often,market.Intheirsparetime,studentsinagriculturaleconomicsatPurdueinventnewusesforbean;industrialdesignmajorsatSyracuse,inspeciallaboratory,createwearabletechnologies.
(78)Theentrepreneurshipmovementhasitscritics,especiallyamongthosewhoseecollegeasatimeforextensiveacademicexploration.“Ijustdon‘tthinkthatentrepreneurshiprankssohighintermsofnationalneed,”saysDanielS.Greenberg,authorofScienceforsale:
Theperils,RewardsandDelusionsofCampusCapitalism.
LeonardA.Schlesinger,BabsonCollege‘spresident,saysthatthequestionofwhetherinnovationcanreallybetaughtis“anage-oldargument”
6.WhenGoogleandFacebookwereestablished,thefounderswerestill_____.
A.inhighschoolB.inthearmy C.inprimaryschoolD.atcollege
7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeofentrepreneurshipeducation?
A.Topreparestudentsforfutureacademiclife
B.Topreparestudentstofindopportunitiesandseizethem.
C.Topreparestudentsforoverseascareer.
D.Topreparestudenttodevelopinterpersonalskills.
8.Theword“prototype”inthefourthparagraphismostlikelytomean_____.
A.modelB.strategy C.methodD.stage
9.WhatdoesDanielS.Grennbergthinkofentrepreneurshipeducation?
A.Entrepreneurship,oratleastcertainelementsofit,canbetaught.
B.Anentrepreneurshipprogramcanhelpstudentsfindwhattheyreallylikeandentrepreneurshipisn‘tallaboutbusiness.
C.Entrepreneurshipshouldbespreadacrossdifferentfields.
D.Collegesshouldn‘tputtoomuchemphasisonentrepreneurshipprograms.
10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Entrepreneurshipcoursesinbusinessschools.
B.Qualitiesofanentrepreneur.
C.Entrepreneurshipeducationincolleges.
D.Kidsintheinformationage.
Passage3
Question11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Regretisascommonanemotionasloveorfear,anditcanbenearlyaspowerful.So,inanewpaper,tworesearcherssetabouttryingtofindoutwhatthetypicalAmericanregretsmost.Intelephonesurveys,NealRose,apsychologistandprofessorofmarketingattheSchoolofManagementatNorthwesternUniverstiy,andMikeMorrison,adoctoralcandidateinpsychologyatUniversityofIllinois,asked370Americans,aged19to103,totalkabouttheirmostnotableregret.Participantswereaskedwhattheregretwas,whenithappened,whetheritwasaresultofsomethingtheydidordidn‘tdo,andwhetheritwassomethingthatcouldstillbefixed.
Themostcommonlymentionedregretinvolvedromance(浪漫的事)(18%)——lostlovesorunfulfilledrelationships.Familyregretscameinsecond(16%),whitpeoplestillfeelingbadlyaboutbeingunkindtotheirbrothersorsistersinchildhood.Otherfrequentlyreportedregretsinvolvedcareer(13%),education(12%),money(10%)andparenting(9%)。
RoseandMorrison‘sstudy,whichistobepublishedinsocialpsychologicalandpersonalityscience,issignificantinthatitsurveyedawiderangeoftheAmericanpublic,includingpeopleofallagesandsocio-economicandeducationalbackgrounds.Previousstudiesonregrethavefocusedlargelyoncollegestudents,whopredictablytendtohaveeducation-focusedregrets,likewishingtheyhadstudiedharderoradifferentmajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson‘smajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson‘s“lifecircumstances—accomplishments,shortcomings,situationinlife—injectconsiderablefuelintothefiresofregret,”theauthorswrite.
(79)Peoplewithlesseducation,forinstanceweremorelikelytoreporteducationregret.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofeducationhadthemostcareerregrets.Andthosewithnoromanticpartnertendedtoholdregretsregardinglove.Brokendown(分解、细分)bysex,morewomen(44%)thanmen(19%)hadregretsaboutloveandfamily——notsurprising,sincewomen“valuesocialrelationshipsmorethanmen,”theauthorswrite.Incontrast,men(34%)weremorelikelythanwomen(27%)tomentionwork-relatedregrets,wishingthey‘dchosenadifferentcareerpath,forinstance,orfollowedtheirpassion.(80)Manyparticipantsalsoreportedwishingtheyhadworkedlesstospendmoretimewiththeirchildren.
Therewasanevensplitbetweenregretsaboutinaction(notdoingsomething)andaction(dosomethingyouwishyoudidn‘t).But,likepreviousstudies,thecurrentresearchfoundthatsomeregretsaremorelikelythanotherstopersistovertime:
peopletendtohangonlongertotheregretofinaction;meanwhile,regretsofactiontendtobemorerecent.
11.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorshows______.
A.theresearchers‘findingsB.theimportanceoffamily
C.theimportanceofmoneyD.theimportanceofcareer
12.Accordingtothepassage,collegestudentparticipantsmainlyhadregretsabouttheir______.
A.familyandchildhoodB.studyandmajor C.careerandjobD.romanceandfear
13.Theword“notable”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.
A.commonB.capableC.wonderfulD.remarkable
14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Thelesseducationheorshehas,themoreregretssheorhewouldhave.
B.Themoreeducationheorshehas,thelessregretssheo