名词性从句.docx
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名词性从句
名词性从句
一.概念
名词性从句共有四种:
主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句
二.相关知识点精讲
1.主语从句:
主语从句在整个句子中作主语。
(1)不同于其它的连词,它不充当句子的成分,只是单纯的连接词,通常不可以省略。
分句置于句首时,that绝对不可以省略。
Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.
Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.
(2)if不能用在主语从句中,而是用whether
Whetherheleft(ornot)isunknown
(3)当主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用第三人称单数,下面这个句型例外。
Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.
Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.
2.表语从句:
表语从句出现在系动词后,充当表语。
Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.
Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.
(1)引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because,asif/asthough等等
Thereason(why/forwhich…..)isthat……
It/This/Thatisbecause……
(2)连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型
Itseems/appearsthat….
Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……(与事实相符用陈述语气,与事实相反用虚拟语气)
(3)as也可以引导表语从句
Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe
3.宾语从句:
及物动词,形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。
(1)宾语从句时态与主句相呼应,但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外
Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun
(2)连词whether和if可以互换,但注意下列情况
连词后紧跟ornot时用whether
Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.
作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句
Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.
连接词后直接加不定式,不能用if只能用whether
Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.
如果宾语从句是否定时,一般用if引导
Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.
(3)当宾语从句后带宾补时,要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略
Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
(4)当主语是I,we,主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时,用否定转移
Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?
(5)that在宾语从句常可以省略,但由and或but连接两个或多个宾语从句时,仅可以省略第一个连词that
Hesaid(that)hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.
(6)注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句
Idon’tknowifhewillcome.
Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.
4.同位语从句,在句中作某些名词的同位语,对前面的名词进一步说明。
用在下列名词fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt.truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.
(1)Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.
Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.
WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.
Thereisnopossibilitythat….
(2)that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
在同位语从句中:
that不可以省略,不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句作成分,作宾语时可以省略
Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.
Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.
when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
在定语从句中,when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词;而在同位语从句中无此对应关系
Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.(同位语从句)
Goandgetyourcoat.It’sintheplacewhereyouleftit.(定语从句)
5.疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句,而nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句
NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.
Ibelieverwhateverhesays. Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.
who与whoever的区别
who是“谁”的意思,表示具有疑问,who相当于anyonewho“无论谁”
Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?
6.当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时,引导词通常用what,它相当于。
另外,有时具有感叹意义allthat,anythingthat或thething(s)that
Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.
TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.
7.注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句
强调句句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that,句子仍然成立。
Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主语从句
Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.强调句
Whatwasitthathewanted?
Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.
Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem
8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同
Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.
Asisknowntoall.theearthisround.
三.巩固练习
1.____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.
A.whatever B.Nomatterwhat C.That D.If
2. Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____
A.didthequarrelcameabout B.thequarrelhadcomeabout
C.hadthequarrelcomeabout D.hadthequarrelcomeabout
3. Energyis____makesthingwork..
A.whatB.somethingC.anything D.that
4. Informationhasbeenput forward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.
A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as
5. Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.
A.there B.inwhich C.where D.when
6. Theyhavenoideaatall____.
A.wherehehasgone B.wheredidhego
C.whichplacehashegone D.wherehashegone
7. Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.
A. that B. which C.ofwhich D. ofthat
8. Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.
A. that;hadtoleave B. that;shouldleave
C. /;mustleave D. when;shouldleave
9. ___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There;that B.It;that C.there;whether D.It;whether
10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.
A.that B.which C.whether D.if
11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?
A.that B. what C.why D.whether
12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.
A.That B.Whether C.If D.Where
13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.
A.while B.if C.that D.for
14.¬¬¬_____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.
A.Whether B.This C.who D.If
15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.
A.What B.That C.Whether D.If
16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
A.What B.That C.Who D.How
17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.
A.What;what B.That;that C.what;that D.That;what
18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.
A.What B.It C.Allthat D.That
19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.
A.believed B. think C.say D.hoped
20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.What B.That C.How D.Where
21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.
A.What B.That C.Which D.Who
22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.
A.Whoever B.Nomaterwho C.Whomever D.Who
23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?
Athat Bit Chis Dhe
24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.
A.when Bwhy Cthat Dwhat
25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.
A.thatdo B.if;do Cwhat;does D.that;dose
26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.
Athat;that;that Bwhat;what;what Cthat;which;what Dthat;that;which
27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.
A.Who BWhom C.Thosewho D.Whoever
28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.
A.That;that B.What;that CWhat;what D.That;what
29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.
A.Who B.What C.How D.Which
30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.
AHow B.That C.Whatever DWhy
31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdon’t.
A.because B.that C.thanksto D.what
32.Whattimedoyouthink__?
A.willTomcomeback B.Tomwillcomeback
C.isTomcomingback D.canTomgethere
33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.
A.Hastraveled B.traveled C.hadtraveled D.travels
34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.
A.It;that B.It;who C.That;who D.This;that
35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.
A.whom B.which C.who D.that
36.Insomecountries,___arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.
A.that B.which C.as D.what
37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudon’tisaterriblemistake.
A.that;that B.what;what C.that;what D.whatthat
38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.
A.why B.which C.that D.what
39.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?
A.that B.what C.that D.it
40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.
A.whatever;whatever B.Nomatterwhat;whatever
C.Nomatterwhat;Nomatterwhat D.Whatever;however
41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.
A.There B.inwhich C.where D.theplace
42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.
A.What B.That C.When D.Because
43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.
A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether
44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?
---No,I’mnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.
A.whether B.where C.when D.why
45.Thedoctorcouldn’tanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.
A.if B.that C.whether D.what
46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.
A.that B.which C.thatwhat D.whatthat
47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?
---___Iwaslastnight.
A.That B.When C.Where D.What
48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.
A.who B.which C.that D.what
49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.
A.if B.whether C.that D./
50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.
A.which B.it C.what D.that
四.答案
1—5ABABC 6—10AABAC 11—15BBCAB 16—20BCBAA
21—25BABAD 26—30ADBCC31—35BBDBC 36—40DCDDA
41—45CBBBC 46—50CCCBC
语法复习三:
名词性从句
在前面我们已经知道了什么是句子.我们可以这样解释什么叫从句:
在一个句子的前面加上一个连接词,这个句子就变成了从句.如果这个从句做了主语,它就是主语从句.其它的以此类推.
注:
1.特殊疑问句本身可以做从句,它不需要加连接词.
2.所有的从句要使用陈述语序.陈述语序:
句子第一个词永远是主语;第二个词可能是情态动词\助动词等加上动词,或者是动词本身.
名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
名词性从句,顾名思义,它具有名词性.所以可以作主语,宾语等等.回忆一下句子成分那一章
(一)引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词:
who,whose,whom,what,which。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词:
when,where,why,how。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状