高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题及答案.docx
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高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.HeservedasAmerican'sfirstpresidentfrom1789to1797.PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe"Fatherofhiscountry."
ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.HewasthemainwriteroftheDeclarationofindependencein1776.Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'sFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaplantexpert,architect,musicianandinventor.
AnotherofAmerican'sgreatestpresidents,AbrahamLincoln,isonthefive-dollarbill.Heservedasthesixteenthpresidentfrom1861until1865.HesuccessfullyledthecountrythroughtheCivilWar,savedtheUnionandendedslavery.
ThepictureofAlexanderHamiltonappearsontheten-dollarbill.Hamiltonwasneverpresident.ButhewasthefirstSecretaryoftheTreasuryandoneoftheFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaneconomistandpoliticalphilosopher.
AndrewJacksonwastheseventhpresident,servingfrom1829to1837.Hesupportedpopulardemocracyandindividualliberty.Hispictureisonthetwenty-dollarbill.
Anotherpresidentisonthefifty-dollarbill.UlyssesS.Grantservedfrom1869to1877.Beforeservingaspresident,GrantwasmilitarycommanderofUnionforcesduringtheCivilWar.Underhiscommand,theUnionArmydefeatedConfederateforces.
Sowhodoyouthinkisontheonehundred-dollarbill?
ItisBenjaminFranklin.Franklinwasneverelectedpresident,butwasoneoftheFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaleadingwriterandprinter,politicalthinker,politician,postmaster,scientist,inventor,civilactivist,anddiplomat.
TheseAmericanstatesmenareonthefrontofthebills.Thebacksofthenotesshowimagesfromnation'shistoryorfamousplaces.Theyareinorder,theGreatSealoftheUnitedStates,thesigningofDeclarationofIndependenceandtheLincolnMemorial.TheothersaretheTreasuryBuilding,theWhiteHouse,theCapitolBuildingandindependenceHall.
（1）ThedesignofthebillsshowsthatAmericansvaluestheirpeople's__________.
A. talentsinmanyways B. successintheircareers
C. inventionsinnewfields D. contributionstothecountry
（2）Forhundredsofyears,thosehistoricmenonthebillsfoughtforthenation's____________.
A. economyandpower
B. independenceanddemocracy
C. wealthandsuccess
D. faithandglory
（3）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A. MenontheMoney
B. theDesignofUSBills
C. HistoryontheMoney D. theStoryofUSBills
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
（1）考查推理判断。
文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响，GeorgeWashington是第一任总统，ThomasJefferson独立宣言的主要起草者，AbrahamLincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，AlexanderHamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一，AndrewJackson支持大众民主和个人自由，BenjaminFranklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。
故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe‘Fatherofhiscountry.’"；第二段中的“Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'sFoundingFathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。
故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.第二段中的ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists（SAG-AFTRA）hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.
Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.Overall,thestrikeisanefforttoprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set（制作中）safetyprecautions.
Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofanintenseincreaseincashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.
ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon'treceiveresiduals（追加酬金）fortheirgamingwork.Instead,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichistypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.
"It'saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,"saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who'samemberoftheunion'snegotiatingcommittee."Thisisanimportantaspectofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance（从事自由职业的）performer,whoisn'tregularlyenjoyedeverysingledayworkingonprojects."
Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthesecrecyoftheindustry."Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,"saysvoiceactorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.
"Andyetthathappenseverydayinthevideogameworld,"FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday."IwasamaincharacterinFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearandahalf."
ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideogamecompanies,saysvoiceactors"representlessthanonetenthoflpercentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame."So"eventhoughthey'rethetopcraftsmenintheirfield,"Witlinsays,"ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies."
（1）WhydidSAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogamepublishers?
A. Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.
B. Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.
C. Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.
D. Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.
（2）Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?
A. Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.
B. Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.
C. Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.
D. Ithasgainedhugeprofitsinrecentyears.
（3）Whatarethevoiceactorsdemanding?
A. Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.
B. Anon-discriminatorycontract.
C. Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.
D. Moreregularemployment.
（4）WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?
A. Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.
B. Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.
C. Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.
D. Theyarenotemployedfull-time.
（5）WhatistheargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?
A. Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.
B. Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinfinewiththelaw.
C. Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiseiftheyprovetobetopcraftsmen.
D. Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.
【答案】
（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国演员工会针对配音演员酬劳协商无果的问题进行了罢工。
近年来美国游戏行业快速发展，游戏公司从中获得巨大利润，但配音演员的酬劳却一直维持不变，故他们希望可以按照游戏销售量获得额外的报酬。
但律师认为如果改变声音演员的报酬系统，游戏公司将会面临更多的问题，因为他们只做了其中少之又少的工作。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的”Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredinlate2014.“可知，由于为期19个月的谈判没有成功，SAG-AFTRA决定采取罢工来对抗一些游戏制作公司。
故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedinrecentyears.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionindomesticrevenue.“可知，近几年游戏行业发展迅速，2015年游戏行业创造了235亿美元的国内总收入。
故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的”Sothevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation---aperformancebonuseverytimeagamesells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.“可知，配音演员要求得到额外的补偿——每款游戏卖出200万份拷贝或下载，或者拥有200万订阅者（最高800万），配音演员可以得到一份表演奖金，即配音演员希望按游戏销售量得到额外的报酬。
故选A。
（4）考查细节理解。
根据第六段中的“’Ican'timagineifthere'sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhereyoudon'tknowwhatshowyou'rein,whenyou'rehired,‘saysvoiceactor”可知，KeytheFarley说配音演员在被雇佣时不知道自己在演什么角色，即她认为他们在被雇佣时不知道和工作相关的信息。
故选B。
（5）考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“ifwepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthework,that'sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogamecompanies”可知，ScottWitlin认为，改变配音演员的酬劳体系会给游戏公司带来更多的问题，因为他们只做了其中0.1%的工作。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
AlisonMalmonwastrappingup（完成）theendofherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofPennsylvania,USwhenshegotthenews:
HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbiaUniversity,wassufferingfrommentalillness.
Inspiredbythis,Malmonformedagroupatheruniversitytoempower（使能够）studentstotalkopenlyaboutmentalhealth.Itsoonblossomedintoanationalorganizationthattodayhasmorethan450campuschapters.Leaderswiththeorganizationspendtheirtimetalkingwithcollegestudentsaboutthepressurethattoday'syoungpeopleface.
"Whatyouhearoftenisjustaneedtobeperfect,"saidMalmon,"andaneedtopresentoneselfasperfect."
Andanewstudyinthe
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