高考英语北师大版练习必修5 Unit 15 Learning Word版含答案.docx
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高考英语北师大版练习必修5Unit15LearningWord版含答案
模块达标检测(五)
限时:
100分钟
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Inbetweenrunningoneoftheworld'slargestcharitableagenciesandactingasMicrosoft'stechnologyadvisor,BillGatesmanagestofindtimetoreadbooks,bothlongandshort.NowGates—whohasbeenlabeleda“greedy”reader—hasreleasedalistofhisfavoritebooks.Allofthebooksarestandoutreads,accordingtothebillionaire,mostofwhicharefocusedonbusinessandeconomy.
HereareBill'stopfourpicks(withpartsofhisfullreviewofeachbook).
BusinessAdventures,byJohnBrooks
Brooks'collectionwaspublishedin1969andremainsoneofGates'favorites.Herereaditagainthisyear,labelingitthebestbusinessbookhehaseverread.
“Shortlyafterwemet,WarrenBuffettlentmethiscollectionofbusinessarticlesfromTheNewYorkerfromthe1950sand1960s.Ilovedthemasmuchashedid.Brooks'insights(洞察力)intobusinesshaveagedbeautifully,andtheyareastruetodayasever.”
CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury,byThomasPiketty
Piketty'snovelhittheshelvesinAugust2013andsparkedmuchdiscussionconcerningincomeinequalitythroughoutthisyear.GatesalsogottositdownwithPikettyhimselfafterreadingthenonfictionworktodiscussthetopic.
“AsItoldhim,althoughIhaveconcernsaboutsomeofhissecondarypointsandpolicyprescriptions,Iagreewithhismostimportantconclusions:
inequalityisagrowingproblemandgovernmentsshouldplayaroleinreducingit.”
HowAsiaWorks,byJoeStudwell
Studwell'swork,whichwaspublishedinMay2014,addresseshowcountriessuchasJapan,SouthKoreaandChinahavecontinuedtoachievehighgrowth,andwhyothercountrieshavefailedtodothesame.
“Theagriculturesectionofthebookwasparticularlyinsightful.ItprovidedamplefoodforthoughtformeaswellasthewholeAgricultureteamatourfoundation.AnditleftusthinkingaboutwhetherpartsoftheAsianmodelcanapplyinAfrica.”
MakingtheModernWorld:
MaterialsandDematerialization,byVaclavSmil
Smil'sbooksareaconstantfavoriteoftheMicrosoft'sfounder—oneofhisbooksmakesGates'listalmosteveryyear.“MakingtheModernWorld”cameoutlatein2013andexplorestheglobaluseofmaterials,fromsilicontowoodandplastic.
“Ifanyonetriestotellyouwe'reusingfewermaterials,sendhimthisbook.Withhisusualskepticismandhisloveofdata,Smilshowshowourabilitytomakethingswithfewermaterials—say,sodacansthatneedlessaluminum—makesthemcheaper,whichactuallyencouragesmoreproduction.”
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。
1.Thebooksmentionedinthetextareallabout______.
A.charityintheworld
B.businessandeconomy
C.povertyintheworld
D.BillGates'lifeexperience
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段的最后一句“Allofthebooksarestandoutreads,accordingtothebillionaire,mostofwhicharefocusedonbusinessandeconomy”可知,比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物,其中大部分书与商业和经济有关,故B项正确。
答案:
B
2.Ofthebooks,________isbestpraisedbyBillGates.
A.HowAsiaWorks
B.CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury
C.BusinessAdventures
D.MakingtheModernWorld:
MaterialsandDematerialization
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段的第二句“Herereaditagainthisyear,labelingitthebestbusinessbookhehaseverread”可知,BusinessAdventures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的,故C项正确。
答案:
C
3.Gatesoncehadapersonaldiscussionwiththeauthorof________.
A.CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury
B.BusinessAdventures
C.HowAsiaWorks
D.MakingtheModernWorld:
MaterialsandDematerialization
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第五段的第二句“GatesalsogottositdownwithPikettyhimselfafterreadingthenonfictionworktodiscussthetopic”可知,比尔·盖茨和CapitalintheTwentyFirstCentury这本书的作者坐下来交谈过,故A项正确。
答案:
A
4.InHowAsiaWorks,theauthoranalyses________.
A.whyAfricanagriculturecannotdevelopfast
B.howtheycanapplyAsianeconomicmodelinAfricancountries
C.whyAsiaisslowinagriculturaldevelopment
D.howsomeAsiancountrieshaverapidlygrownineconomy
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第七段中的“addresseshowcountriessuchasJapan,SouthKoreaandChinahavecontinuedtoachievehighgrowth”可知,HowAsiaWorks主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的,故D项正确。
答案:
D
B
DidyouknowthatanoryxisanAfricanantelopewithstraighthorns?
Didyouknowthatanareteisamountainridgeformedbyglaciers?
Ifyouhappentobeapersonwholikescrosswordpuzzles,youwillprobablyrunintothesewordsandmanymorethatarejustasunusual.Ifnot,thenyoumayneverseethemagain.
IknewfromanearlyagethatIwantedtobeawriter,andIlovedtosolvecrosswordpuzzles.Perhapsitwasinevitable(必然的)thatIwouldbeginwritingmyownpuzzles.MyoriginalplanwastowritenovelsandwintheNobelPrizeforliterature,butthefirstthingsIevergotpublishedwerecrosswordpuzzles.
Constructingcrosswordpuzzlesisnotasdifficultasitseems,butitdoestakealotoftime.First,youhavetothinkofanidea,ortheme,forthepuzzle.Forexample,youmightdecidethatthepuzzlewillfocusonthenamesofstates,andthenyoubuildadiagram.
Onceyouhavethediagramandthethemewords,thenyoufillintherestofthewordsinthepuzzle.Sinceallthewordsmustfittogetheracrossanddown,youreallyneedtoknowsomeunusualwords.Forexample,let'ssayyouneedafiveletterword,andyouknowthemiddlelettershavetobeaia.Thewordcouldbenaiad,whichisthenameforafemalespiritinAncientGreekstories.Howoftendoyouthinkyouwouldseethatword?
Whenthewordshaveallbeenfilledin,thenyounumberthesquaresinthediagramandwriteaclue(线索)foreachword.
Afterseveralyearsofwritingcrosswordpuzzles,Ifinallydidstartwritingnovelsandstories.Butcrosswordsgotmestarted,andtheytaughtmeavastnumberofwordsthatImayneverseeagain.AsfortheNobelPrize?
Well,IdidusethewordNobelseveraltimesincrosswordpuzzles.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。
钟爱设计字谜的作者通过字谜积累了大量词汇并逐渐开始写作。
5.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph1probablyrefersto________.
A.thewordsthatarerarelyused
B.thewordsthatarehardtoremember
C.thepuzzlesthatarenewlydesigned
D.thepuzzlesthataredifficulttosolve
解析:
篇章结构题。
由划线词前的youmayneversee可知,them指那些很少使用的词汇。
答案:
A
6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofconstructingcrosswordpuzzles?
A.It'sextremelyhard. B.It'stimeconsuming.
C.It'squitepopular.D.It'sfairlyeasy.
解析:
细节理解题。
由第三段中的Constructingcrosswordpuzzlesisnotasdifficultasitseems,butitdoestakealotoftime可知,设计字谜很耗时。
答案:
B
7.What'sthecorrectorderofdesigningacrosswordpuzzle?
A.Decideonasubject→Makeadrawing→Thinkofthewords→Giveclues→Markthenumber
B.Makeadrawing→Decideonasubject→Markthenumber→Thinkofthewords→Giveclues
C.Decideonasubject→Makeadrawing→Thinkofthewords→Markthenumber→Giveclues
D.Makeadrawing→Decideonasubject→Giveclues→Thinkofthewords→Markthenumber
解析:
细节理解题。
由第三段中的First,youhavetothinkofanidea,ortheme,forthepuzzle与thenyoubuildadiagram及第四段中的thenyoufillintherestofthewordsinthepuzzle与thenyounumberthesquaresinthediagramandwriteaclueforeachword可知,C项正确。
答案:
C
8.Howdoyoufindtheauthorfromthelastsentenceinthetext?
A.Stubborn.B.Optimistic.
C.Humorous.D.Disappointed.
解析:
推理判断题。
由第二段中的MyoriginalplanwastowritenovelsandwintheNobelPrizeforliterature及最后一句AsfortheNobelPrize?
Well,IdidusethewordNobelseveraltimesincrosswordpuzzles可知,作者是一个很幽默的人。
答案:
C
C
AnewstudybytheBritishgovernmenthasdiscoveredthementalhealthofthecountry'steenagegirlshasbecomeworse.
Thesurvey,whichincluded30,00014yearoldstudentsin2005and2014,showed37percentofgirlswithpsychologicalstress,upfrom34percentin2005.Britishboys'stresslevelwasactuallyseentofalloverthesametimeperiod,from17percentto15percent.
Thereport'sauthorspointedoutthe“adventofthesocialmediaage”couldbeamajorcontributingfactorforincreasedstressamongteenageBritishgirls.
“Theadolescentyearsareatimeofrapidphysical,cognitive(认知的)andemotionaldevelopment,”PamRamsden,alecturerinpsychologyattheUniversityofBradfordintheUnitedKingdom,wroteinarecentblogpost.“Teenagersinteractwithpeopleinordertolearnhowtobecomecompetent(有能力的)adults.Inthepast,theywouldengagewithparents,teachersandotheradultsintheircommunityaswellasextendedfamilymembersandfriends.Nowwecanalsoaddsocialmediatothatlistofsocialandemotionaldevelopment.”
Throughoutadolescence,girlsandboysdevelopcharacteristicslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol.Sinceteenagebrainshavenotcompletelydeveloped,teensdon'thavethecognitiveawarenessandimpulse(冲动)controltokeepfrompostinginappropriatecontent.Furthermore,thiscontentcaneasilybespreadfarandwidewithdisastrousinfluences.
Socialmediacanalsofeedintogirls'insecuritiesabouttheirappearance,Ramsdensaid.Thesesitesareoftenfilledwithimagesofpeoplewithbodytypeunattainabletothenormalperson.However,theseimagesandthemessagestiedtothemgraduallybecomesocietalstandards.
[语篇解读] 一项新研究发现,英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟;分析表明,社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。
9.Thestatisticsinthesecondparagraphshowthat________.
A.moreandmorechildreninBritainhavementalhealthproblems
B.fewgirlsinBritainsufferedfrompsychologicalstressin2005
C.moreboysinBritainaresufferingfrommentalpressurenow
D.moreBritishgirlsfeelpsychologicallystressedthanboysdonow
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第二段的第一句可知,调查显示,2014年37%的英国少女有心理压力,而2005年只有34%;根据第二段的第二句可知,同期调查显示,英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。
据此可以判断,英国少女有心理压力的比少年多,故D项正确。
答案:
D
10.Contrarytotraditionalwaysofinteraction,socialmedia________.
A.helpsteenagersdevelopqualitieslikeconfidenceandselfcontrol
B.hasmanynegativeeffectsongirls'characteristicdevelopment
C.makesteensawareofpotentialdangeroftheinappropriatecontent
D.teachesgirlstocareaboutt