8000词汇词根自己整理.docx

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8000词汇词根自己整理.docx

8000词汇词根自己整理

8000

词汇必记词根

ag,act

agent代理人active活动的,积极的

agr

agriculture农业agrarian田地的

am

amicable友善的amiable和蔼可亲的

anim

心灵,精神,生命

animal动物animate有生命的

ann

,enn

annual一年的centennial一世纪的

astro

astronomy天文学astronaut宇宙航行员

audi

audience听众audible听得见的

bell

战争

rebellion反叛,反抗bellicose好战的

bio

生命,生物

biology生物学antibiotic抗生的,抗生素

brev

brevity简短abbreviate缩短,节略

cede

precedent先行的,在前的precede先行

cent

centimeter厘米centigrade百分度的

center,centr

中心

concentrate集中centrifugal离心力的

cide,cis

杀,切

suicide自杀bactericide杀菌剂

claim,clam

叫喊

exclaim惊叫proclaim宣布,宣告

clar

清楚,明白

declare表明,声明clarify讲清楚

clud

,clos

关闭

close关闭exclude排斥

cogn

知道

recognize承认cognitive认识的

cord

cordial衷心的core核心

cosm

宇宙,世界

cosmic宇宙的cosmos宇宙

cred

相信

credibility可信credit信任

cur,cours

ccurrence出现,发生current流通的

cycl

圆,环

bicycle自行车cyclone旋风

di

diary日记diarist记日记者

dict

predict预言indicate表示

duc,duct

引导

conduct指导induce引诱

ed

edible可吃的edacity贪吃

fact

做,制

factory工厂manufacture制造,加工

fer

带,

transfer转移ferry渡船

flu

fluent流利的influenza流行性感冒

form

形式,外形

transform改变formula公式

fract,frag

破,折

fraction碎片fragile易碎的

fus

倾,注,溶化

fusion熔解effuse泻出

gen

起源

generate使产生genetic遗传的

geo

地球,土地

geography地理geology地质学

grad

步,走,级

gradual逐步的graduate毕业

gram

写,记录

diagram图表program节目单,方案

graph

写,

画,记录

photograph照像autograph亲笔,手稿

gress

行走

progress进步retrogress后退

hap

机会,运气,偶发

happen发生mishap灾祸

hospit

客人

hospital医院hospitable好客的,殷勤的

insul

peninsula半岛insulation隔绝,孤立

hydra

hydraulic水利的hydrant消防栓

ject

投,掷,抛

eject射出project投射

junct

连接,结合

conjunction连接词adjunct附属物

lect,leg,lig

挑选,采集

lect选举selection选举eligible合格的,合适的

lev

举,升

elevator电梯lever杠杆

liber

自由

liberate解放liberalist自由主义的

lingu

语言

linguist语言学家bilingual两种语言的

liter

文字,字母

literate识字的literature文学

loc

地方

local当地的locate使座落于

log

词,语言,讲演

dialogue对话logic逻辑

loqu

说话

eloquent雄辩的colloquial口语的,会话的

manu

manuscript手稿manual手的,用手的

medi

中间

medium中等的mediation居中调解

memor

记忆,记住的

5

memory记忆memorial纪念日,纪念物

milit

military军事的militant战斗性的

min

少,小

minority少数diminish减少,减小

mob,mot,mov

移动

mobile活动的motion运动immovable不可移动的

mort

死亡

mortal终有一死的mortician承办殡葬的人

nov

novel小说novelty新奇

numer

numeral数字的numerous为数众多的

oper

工作

operate操作cooperate合作

opt

视线,光线

optic视力的optics光学

path

感情,苦楚,疾病

sympathy同情pathetic可怜的

pel

推,逐,驱

expel驱逐repel击退,反击,抵抗

pend,pen

悬挂

depend依靠pendent悬空的

phon

声音

microphone扩音器telephone电话

plen

满,全

plenty充足,大量plentitude丰富,充足

pon,pos

放置

6

postpone推迟position位置

popul

人民

population人口popular人民的,大众的

port

搬运,带

portable可携带的porter搬运工人

prim

第一,首要

primary最初的primitive原始的

psych

精神

psychology心理学psychic精神的

pur

清,纯,净

purify使纯净depurate使净化

rect

正,直

erect直立的correct改正

rid,ris

ridicule嘲笑derision笑柄,嘲笑

rupt

rupture破裂,裂开interrupt中断

scend,scens,scent

ascend上,升descent下降

sci

知道

science科学conscious有知觉的

sens,sent

感觉

sensation感觉sentiment感情

sol

太阳

solar太阳的parasol阳伞

spec

spectacle光景,景象prospect展望

spir

呼吸,生命

7

conspire共谋inspire吸气,鼓舞

tact,tang,tag

接触

intact未接触的tangible可接触的

tail

切,割

tailor裁缝retail零售

tain,ten,tin

保持,握,容纳

contain容纳obtain取得,sustain支持

tect

掩,盖

detect侦察发觉,detective侦探的

tele

telescope望远镜telegram电报

tend,tens,tent

extend伸开,扩展extensive广阔的

text

编织

textile纺织的texture组织,结构

therm

thermal热的thermometer温度计

tor,tort

扭,扭转

orsion扭转distortion歪曲

tract

拖,拉,吸引

attract吸引attractive有吸引力的

un,uni

unite统一,联合union联合,工会

ut

utility有用utilize利用

vac,van

空,空虚

vacation假期vanity空虚,虚荣

vari

变化

8

various各样的variant变异的,不同的

ven

intervene干预,介入prevent防止

vert,vers

adverse相反的convert转换

vid,vis

看见

evident明显的visible可见的

vit,viv

生活,生存vital生命的survival幸存

volv

滚动

revolve旋转involve卷入

wis,wit

知道

wisdom智慧witty机敏的

9

常见的前缀和后缀

1.

常用前缀

aero

:

concerning

the

air

or

aircraft

plane

(飞机)—aeroplane

space

(空间,间隔)—aerospace

anti:

against;oppositeof

nuclear

([核]核子的)—antinuclear

matter

(物质)—antimatter

war

(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar

auto:

oforbyoneself

biography

(传记)—autobiography

criticism

(批评,批判)—autocriticism

be:

totreatasthestatedthing

friend

(朋友,助手)—befriend

little

(很少的,矮小的,很少)—belittle

bi:

two;twice;double

lingual

(语言的)—bilingual

cycle

(自行车)—bicycle

bio:

concerninglivingthings

chemistry

(化学)—biochemistry

sphere

(圈子)—biosphere

by—:

lessimportant

product

(产品,产物,)—by-product

way

(路,道路)—byway

centi:

hundredthpart

grade

(等级)—centigrade

meter

(米)—centimeter

co:

together,with

author

(作家,创造者)—coauthor

exist

(存在,生存)—coexist

col:

(usedbeforel)together,with

location

(位置,场所)—collocation

com:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)together,with

passion

(激情,热情)—compassion

con:

together,with

10

centric

(中心的,中央的)—concentric

federation

(同盟,联邦,联合,联盟)—confederation

contra:

opposite

diction

(措辞,用语,言语)—contradiction

natural

(自然的,自然界的)—contranatural

cor:

(usedbeforer)together,with

relate

(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)—correlate

respond

(回答,响应,作出反应,有反应)—correspond

counter:

opposite

act

(担当,表现,见效)—counteract

attack

(攻击)—counterattck

cross:

across;goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthem

country

(乡下的,乡村的,[方]祖国的,故乡的)—cross

country

breed((使)繁殖,教养,抚养,品种,种类)—crossbreed

de:

showinganopposite;toremove;toreduce

code

(代码,密码)—decod

e

value

(评价,重视)—devalue

((=devaluate)

dis:

not;theoppositeof

advantage

(优势,有利条件)—disadvantage

agree

(同意)—disagree

honest

(诚实的,正直的)—dishonest

em:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)tocausetobecome

body

(赋以形体)—embody

power

(权力,激励)—empower

en:

tocausetobecome;tomake

danger

(威胁)—endanger

large

(大的,巨大的)—enlarge

ex:

former(andstillliving)

minister

(部长,大臣)—ex

-

minister

wife

(妻子)—ex

-

wife

extra:

outside;beyond

curricular

(课程的)—extracurricular

ordinary

(平常的,普通的,平凡的)—extraordinary

fore:

inadvance,before;inoratthefront

arm

(臂,武器,装备)—forearm

11

warn

(警告)—forewarn

il:

(usedbeforel)not

legal

(法律的,合法)—illegal

literate

(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate

im:

(usedbeforeb,m,p)not

moral

(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)—immoral

possible

(可能的)—impossible

in:

not

direct

(径直的,直接的)—indirect

sensitive

(敏感的,灵敏的)—insensitive

infra:

belowinarange;beyond

red

(红(色)的)—infrared

structure

(结构,构造)—infrastructure

inter:

between;among

change

(改变,变化)—interchange

national

(国家的,民族的)—international

intra:

inside,within;into

city

(城市,都市)—intracity

(市内的)

department

(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)—intra

-

department

ir:

(usedbeforer)not

regular

(规则的,有秩序的)—irregular

responsible

(有责任的,可靠的)—irresponsible

kilo:

thousand

gram

(克,)—kilogram

meter

(米)—kilometer

macro:

large,esp.concerningawholesystemratherthanparticularpartsof

particularpartsof

economics

(经济学)—macroeconomics

structure

(宏观结构)—macrostructure

mal:

badorbadly

function(官能,功能,作用)—malfunction

treat

(宴请,款待)—maltreat

micro:

extremelysmall

computer

(计算机,电脑)—microcomputer

electronics

(电子学)—microelectronics

12

mid:

middle

day

(天,白天)—midday

night

(夜,夜晚)—midnight

mini:

small;short

bus

(公共汽车)—minibus

skirt

(裙子)—miniskirt

mis:

badorbadly;wrongorwrongly

fortune

(运气,好运)—misfortune

understand

(懂,了解)—misunderstand

mono:

one;single

plane

(飞机)—monoplane

tone

(音调,语调)—monotone

multi:

morethanone;many

purpose

(目的,意图)—multipurpose

national

(国家的,国立[有]的,民族的)—multinational

non:

not

resident

nonresident

sense

理性,认识—nonsense

out:

outside;eyond

live

(活的,生动的)—outlive

door

(门,通道,家,户)—outdoor

over:

toomuch;above;additional

head

(头,头的,主要的)—overhead

time

(时间,时侯,时机,)—overtime

poly:

many

centric

(中心的,中央的)—polycentric

syllabic

([语]音节主音,音节的)—polysyllabic

post:

laterthan;after

graduate

((大学)毕业生,研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate

war

(战争,作战,打仗)—postwar

pre:

before;inadvance

pay

(薪水,工资,支付)—prepay

war

(战争,作战,打仗)—prewar

pro:

infavorof,supporting

America

(<美>美国,美洲(包括北美和南美洲))pro

-

America

13

Abortion

pro

-

abortion

pseudo:

notreal;false

name

(姓名)—pseudonym

science

(科学,自然科学)—pseudoscience

re:

again;backtotheformerstate

unite

(联合,团结)—reunite

use

(使用)—reuse

self:

bymeansofoneselforitself;of,to,with,for,orinoneselforitself

employed

(雇用,用,使用)—

self

-

employed

taught

(teach的过去式和过去分词)—self

-

taught

semi:

half;partly

circle

(圆周,圆形物)—semicircle

final

(决赛)—semifinal

step:

notbybirthbutthroughaparentwhohasremarried

mother

(母亲,妈妈)—stepmother

children

(孩子,孩子们)—stepchildren

sub:

under,below;lessimortant;partofthestatedbiggerwhole

divide

(分,划分,分开,隔开)—subdivide

section

(部分)—subsection

super:

more,larger,greaterthanusual

market

(市场)—supermarket

natural

(自然的,自然界的,普通的,正常的)—supernatural

tele:

atoroveralongdistance;byorfortelevisioncommunication

—telecommunication

screen

(屏,银幕)—telescreen

therm(o):

concerningheat

chemistry

(化学)—thermochemistry

meter

(计,表)—thermometer

trans:

across,onortotheothersideof;between

Atlantic

(大西洋)—transatlantic

plant

(种植,栽培,培养)—transplant

tri:

three;threetimes

angular

(有角的)—triangular

cycle

(自行车)—tricycle

ultra:

beyond;very,extremely

modern

(近代的,现代的)—ultramodern

14

sound

(声音,语音)—ultrasound

un:

not

certain

(确定的,必然的,可靠的)—uncertain

fortunate

(幸运的,幸福的)—unfortunate

under:

toolittle;below

develop

(发展,显影)—underdevelop

sea

(海洋,大浪)—undersea

uni:

one;single

form

(形态,构成)—uniform

directional

(方向的)—unidirectional

vice:

nextintherank;below

chairman

(主席,会长)—vice

-

chairman

president

(总统,会长,行长)—vice

-

president

2.

常用后缀

(1)名词后缀

ability(能力,才干),ibility

able

(能...的,有才能的,能干的,能够的)—ability

flexible

(有弹性的,柔韧的)—flexibility

arrive

(到达,抵达)—arrival

refuse

(拒绝,谢绝)—refusal

an,ian,arian

library

(图书馆,藏书室)—librarian

music

(音乐,乐曲)—musician

ance,enc

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