英语四级真题第三套.docx

英语四级真题第三套.docx

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英语四级真题第三套

2019年12月英语四级真题第三套

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionADirections:

/几thissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Millionsofpeopletravelbyplaneeverysingleday.Ifyou'replanningonbeingoneofthemsoon,youmightnotbelookingforwardtothe26feelingairtraveloftenleavesyouwith.Besidestheairportcrowdsandstress,travellingatahighaltitudehasrealeffectsonthebody.Althoughthepressureofthecabinis27topreventaltitudesickness,youcouldstill28sleepinessoraheadache.Theloweroxygenpressurefoundinanaircraftcabinis29tothatat6,000-8,000feetofaltitude.Adropinoxygenpressurecancauseheadachesincertain30.Tohelppreventheadaches,drinkplentyofwater,andavoidalcoholandcoffee.Airplanefoodmightnotreallybeastastelessasyou31thought.Theairyoubreatheinaplane如esoutyourmouthandnose,whichcanaffectyoursenseoftaste.Perceptionofsweetandsaltyfoodsdroppedbyalmost30percentinasimulationofairtravel.However,youcanmakeyourtastebudsactiveagainbydrinkingwater.Adrymouthmay32tastesensitivity,buttasteisrestoredbydrinkingfluids.Althoughin-flightinfections33indryenvironmentslikeairplanes,yourriskofgettingsickfromanairplaneisactuallylowbecauseoftheair34used.Unlessyou'resittingnexttosomeonewhoiscoughingorsneezing,youshouldn'tworrytoomuchaboutgettingsick.However,bacteriahavebeenshowntoliveoncabinsurfaces,sowashyourhands35.4·1A）adjustedI）particularB）channelsJ）primarilyC）equivalentK）reduceD）expenenceL）renovatedE）filtersM）smoothF）frequentlyN）thriveG）individuals0）unpleasantH）originallySectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ASouthKoreancitydesignedforthefuturetakesonalifeofitsown[A]Gettingaroundacityisonething—andthenthere'sthematterofgettingfromonecitytoanother.Onevisionoftheperfectcityofthefutureisaplacethatofferseasyaccesstoairtravel.In2011,aUniversityofNorthCarolinabusinessprofessornamedJohnKasardapublishedabookcalledAerotropol区:

TheWayWe'llLiveNext.Kasardasaysfuturecitiesshouldbebuiltintentionallyaroundornearairports.Theidea,ashehasputit,istoofferbusinesses"rapid,long-distanceconnectivityonamassivescale."[BJ"The18thcenturyreallywasawaterborne（水运的）century,the19thcenturyarailcentury,the20thcenturyahighway,car,truckcentury—andthe21stcenturywillincreasinglybeanaviationcentury,astheglobebecomesincreasin�lyconnectedbyair,"Kasardasays.Songdo,acitybuiltfromscratchinSouthKorea,isoneofKasarda'sprimeexamples.Ithasexistedforjustafewyears."Fromtheoutset,itwasdesignedonthebasisofconnectivityandcompetitiveness,"saysKasarda."Thegovernmentbuiltthebridged订ectlyfromtheairporttotheSongdoInternationalBusinessDistrict.Andthesurfaceinfrastructurewasbuiltatthesametimeasthenewairport."[C]Songdoisastone'sthrowfromSouthKorea'sIncheonA卯ort,itsmaininternationalhub（枢纽）.Butittakesalotmorethananearbyairporttobeacityofthefuture.Justbuildingaplaceasan"internationalbusinessdistrict"doesn'tmeanitwillbecomeone.ParkYeonSooco戊祝vedscityofthefuturebackin1986.HeconsidersSongdohisbaby.Parkseeshimselfasavisionary.Thirtyyearsafterheimaginedthecity,Park'sbabyiscloseto70percentbuilt,with36,000peoplelivinginthebusinessdistrictand90,000residentsingreaterSongdo.It'saboutanhouroutsideSeoul,builtonformertidalflatsalongtheYellowSea.There'saCoastGuardbuildingandatalltradetower,aswellasapark,golfcourseanduniversity.[DJChancesareyou'veactuallyseenthisplace.SongdoappearsinthemostfamousmusicvideoevertocomeoutofSouthKorea."GangnamStyle"referstothefashionableGangnamdistrictinSeoul.ButsomeofthevideowasfilmedinSongdo."Idon'tknowifyouremember,therewasasceneinasubwaystation.ThatwasnotGangnam.ThatwasactuallySongdo,"saysJungWonSon,aprofessorofurbandevelopmentatLondon'sBartlettSchoolofPlanning."Partofthereasontoshootthereisthatit'snewandnice."[E]Thecitywassupposedtobeahubforglobalcompanies,withemployeesfromallovertheworldButthat'snothowithasturnedout.Songdo'sreputationisasafuturisticghosttown.Buttherealityismorecomplicated.Abridgewithbig,light-blueloopsleadsintothebusinessdistrict.Inthecenterofthemainroad,there'salong血eofflagsoftheworld.Onthecomer,there'saStarbucksanda7-Eleven-alloftheinternationalbrandsthatyouseeallovertheworldnowadays.[F]Thecityisnotempty.Therearemotherspushingbabycarriages,oldwomenwithwalkers—eveninthemiddleoftheday,whenit's90degreesout.ByunYoung-JinchairstheSongdorealestateassociationandstartedsellingpropertyherewhenthefi订stphaseofthecityopenedin2005.Hesaysdemandhasboomedinthepastcoupleofyears.MostofhisclientsareKorean.Infact,thedevelopersays,99percentofthehomesherearesoldtoKoreans.Youngfamiliesmoveherebecausetheschoolsaregreat.Andthat'stheproblem:

SongdohasbecomeapopularKoreancity—morepopularasaresidentialareathanabusinessone.It'snotyetthefuturisticinternationalbusinesshubthatplanners皿agined."It'sagreatplacetolive.Andit'sbecomingagreatplacetowork,"saysScottSummers,vicepresidentofGaleInternational,thedeveloperofthecity.Thefloor-to-ceilingwindowsofhiscompany'sofficesoverlookSongdoCentralPark,withacanalfullofsmallboatsandpeoplefishing.Shimmering（闪烁的）glasstowerslinethecanal'sedge.[G]"What'shappenedisthatourfocusoncreatingthatqualityoflifefi订sthasenabledtheresidentstolivehere,"Summerssays.Butthereneedstobestrongeconomicincentivesforcompaniestolocatehere.Thecityisstillunfinished,anditfeelsabitlikeathemepark.Itdoesn'tfeelallthatfuturistic.There'sahigh-techundergroundtrashdisposalsystem.Buildingsareenvironmentally4·endly.Everybody'stelevisionsetisconnectedtoasystemthatstreamspersonalizedlanguageorexerciseclasses.[HJButthisisnotStarTrek.Andtosomeoftheresidents,Songdofeelshollow."I'm,like,inprisonforweekdays.That'swhatwecallitintheworkplace,"saysawomaninher20s.Shedoesn'twanttousehernameforfearofbeingfi订edfromherjob.ShegoesbacktoSeouleveryweekend."IsayI'mprison-breakingonFridaynights."Butshehastomaketheprisonbreakinherowncar.There'snohigh-speedtrainconnectingSongdotoSeoul,justover20milesaway[I]ParkYeonSoo,themanwhofrrstimaginedSongdo,feelsfrustrated,too.HesayshebuiltSouthKoreaaluxuryvehicle,"likeMercedesorBMW.It'sagoodcarnow.Butwe'rewaitingforagooddrivertoaccelerate."Buttherearelotsofothergoodcarsoutthere,too.Theworldisdottedwithfuturistic,high-techcitiestryingtoattractthebiggestinternationalcompanies.[J]Songdo'sbackerscontendthatit'sstillearly,andbusinessspaceisfillingup-about70percentoffinishedofficesarenowoccupied.BrentRyan,whoteachesurbandesignatMIT,saysSongdoprovesauniversalprinciple."Therehavebeenalotofutopian（乌托邦的）citiesinhistory.Andthereasonwedon'tknowaboutalotofthemisthattheyhavevanishedentirely."Inotherwords,whenitcomestocities—oranythingelse—itishardtopredictthefuture.36.Songdo'spopularityliesmoreinitsqualityoflifethanitsbusinessattraction.37.ThemanwhoconceivedSongdofeelsdisappointedbecauseithasfallenshortofhisexpectations.38.AsceneinapopularSouthKoreanmusicvideowasshotinSongdo.39.Songdostilllacksthefmancialstimulusforbusinessestosetupshopthere.40.A叩laneswillincreasinglybecomethechiefmeansoftransportation,accordingtoaprofessor.41.Songdohasendedupdifferentfromthecityitwassupposedtobe.42.SomeofthepeoplewhoworkinSongdocomplainaboutboredomintheworkplace.43.Abusinessprofessorsaysthatafuturecityshouldhaveeasyaccesstointernationaltransportation.44.Accordingtoanurbandesignprofessor,itisdifficultforcitydesignerstoforeseewhatwillhappeninthefuture.45.ParkYeonSoo,whoenvisionedSongdo,feelsaparentalconnectionwiththecity.SectionCDirections:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor畔吨edstaten记nts.Foreachofthemtherearefourcho比esmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThefifthlargestcityintheUSpassedasignificantsodataxproposalthatwilllevy（征税）1.5centsperliquidounceondistributors.Philadelphia'snewmeasurewasa