大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案.docx

大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案.docx

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大学体验英语视听说教程第二册答案

视听说期末复习

Unit1

Questions

1.Whatisthisinterviewmainlyabout?

ItisaboutMcDonald’sbusinesslessonsrevealedbyPaul.

2.WhatwasMcDonald’srecentlyvotedfor?

Itwasvotedoneofthebestplacestowork.

3.Asidefrombeingtheauthorofthebook,whatelsedoyouknowaboutPaulfromtheinterview?

HewasaformerMcDonald’sExecutive.

4.WhydidPauldecidetowriteabookforotherbusinesspeopleandclients?

Hewantedtoteachthembusinesslessonsbecausetheylackedbasicprinciples.

5.WhatquestionisPaulconstantlyasked?

"TellmehowyoudiditinMcDonald's."

Homelistening

Internationalbusinessisatermusedtocollectivelydescribeallcommercialtransactions（privateandgovernmental,sales,investments,logistics,andtransportation）thattakeplacebetweentwoormorenations.Usually,privatecompanies1）undertakesuchtransactionsforprofit;governmentsforprofitandforpoliticalreasons.Itreferstoallbusinessactivitieswhichinvolvecross2）bordertransactionsofgoods,servicesandresourcesbetweentwoormorenations.Transactionofeconomicresourcesincludecapital,skills,people,etc.forinternationalproductionofphysicalgoods,andservicessuchasfinance,banking,3）insuranceconstruction,etc.

Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeign4）investmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessin5）negotiationinaninternationalarenaastheirforeigncounterparts.Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinorderto6）participateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadedandhowcompromiseisreachedwithinthecultureofthenegotiation.

InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeen7）identifiedthatunderminethenegotiator’sposition,twoofwhich,inparticular,aredirectnessand8）impatience.Furthermore,Americannegotiatorsofteninsistonrealizingshort-termgoals.Foreignnegotiators,ontheotherhand,mayvaluetherelationshipestablishedbetweennegotiatorsandmaybewillingtoinvesttimeinitforlong-termbenefits.9）Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymaychooseindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.

Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccessofnegotiators.10）ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theymustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.

Unit2

T&F

T1.SaraBongiornilivedayearwithoutbuyingChinesegoods.

F2.Sararefusedtobuy“MadeinChina”productsforpoliticalreasons.（It’snothingagainstChina）

T3.Saradidn’treplacethebrokencoffeemakerbecauseallinexpensiveonescamefromChina.

F4.Saraspent35dollarsonanon-Chinapairofshoes.（Anon-Chinapaircostthem65bucks）

T5.NormallySarawouldnotspendmuchmoneyonsunglasses.

Questions

1.WhywasCBSNewsinvitedtothefactory?

ToconvinceAmericathatChinaiscleaningupitstoymakingact.

2.Whatcangiveconsumersconfidence?

Goodquality.

3.Howmanytimesaresupplieslikepaintchecked?

Threetimes

4.Howmanytoymanufactureswereshutdown?

800.

5.Whoelseistoblamefortheuseofcheaperleadpaint?

Americancompanies

Homelistening

Today’sleadingChinesebrandsmustlearnhowtocreateandmanagetheirbrandvalueonaglobalscale.Itistimeforthemtore-thinktheirglobalbrand1）strategy,andfollowthebestpracticesoftheworld’smostpowerfulmulti-nationalbrands.WhilewearestillseveralyearsawayfromaChinesebrandappearingonInterbrand’sBestGlobalBrands,thelessonsfromthe2）annualrankingareclear—greatbrandsknowtheirstrengthsandweaknessesandploteffectivestrategiesto3）_sustainandimprovetheirvalueinthefuture.Withthedownturnoftheglobaleconomy,thetransformationofthe“MadeinChina”labelandtheacceptanceofChinesebrandsoverseascannotbemade4）overnight.ThefirstchallengeistoimprovethequalityandsafetyofallChineseproducts.Thedefinitionandenforcementofstrict5）standardsandtheactiveengagementinenvironmentalprotectionisasocialresponsibilityforanyglobalplayer,andapre-requisiteforchangingconsumer6）perceptionsoverseas.

TheChinesegovernmentcanplayaveryspecialroleinthesedifficulttimes.Leadershipmeanstakingshorttermactionstospur7）domesticdemandandenhancethecompetitivenessofexports.Butleadershipalsomeanscreatinganationalagenda—like8）innovationinJapan,designinKoreaorengineeringinGermany—thatservesasaguidinglightforChinesecompanieseagertomaketheirbrandmarkonglobalmarkets.Nowisthe9）_criticalmomentforChinesegovernmentandbusinessleaderstoconsiderthenextstageofgrowth.Thistransformationmustnotonlytakeplaceinareassuchastechnology,qualitycontrolandinternationalcooperation,butinbrandcreationandbrandmanagement.AsiancompanieslikeToyota,Sony,SamsungandHyundai10）whichhavealreadytraveledtheglobalizationpathknowthatbrandvalueisthekeytounlockingshareholdervalue.

Unit3

T&F

T1.ArecentsurveyshowedthataveragesalariesinUScompanieshaveexperiencedthesmallestincreasethisyearinmorethan30years.

T2.Ifthebossdoesn’tagreetoanegotiatedfutureraise,setadateforyournextdiscussion.

F3.Ifthebosssaysthathecan’tgiveyoumoney,askforlessworktime.

F4.Whentalkingwithyourbossaboutthesalaryraise,emphasizehowhardyouhavebeenworking.

T5.Showingyourotherofferstoyourbosswouldbeabadidea.

Questions

1.DoesLakshmanAchuthanagreewiththecommondefinitionofrecession?

Why?

No,becausehethinks“recession”isreallyasequenceofevents.Hebelievesitisnecessarytolookatthesequenceofindicatorstodefinerecession.

2.Whataretheconsequencesoffallingwages?

Peoplecan’tbuythatmuchandsalesfall./Peoplespendlessandsalesfall.

3.Howmanypeoplemadejoblessclaimslastweek?

400,000

4.Accordingtothereporter,whatsignsshowthatarecessionisactuallyinprocess?

Inflationisgoingupatthefastestratein17years,whilewagesarenotkeepingup;andlastweek400,000peoplemadejoblessclaims.

5.WhatisLakshmanAchuthan’sopiniononthecurrenteconomicsituation?

Itisinashallowrecessionandtherearenosigns/foundationsofarecovery.

Homelistening

Graduateunemploymenthasincreasedby44%in12monthsandisnowatits1）highestin12years,accordingtoresearchreleasedtoday.

Some7.9%ofstudentswholeftuniversityin2008wereoutofworkinJanuary,theHigherEducationCareersServicesUnit（HECSU）found,upfrom5.5%the2）previousyear.HECSUwarnedthepicturecouldbeevenworseforthosegraduatingthisyear.Thelasttimelevelsof3）joblessnessweresohighwasin1995–96.

Theresearchfoundthat4）recruitmentinthepublicsectorbuckedthedownwardgraduateemployment5）_trend,withthenumberofgraduatesentering6）_healthcareteachingandsocialworkincreasing.

But7）architectureandbuildinggraduateswerehitparticularlybadly,8）_reflectingtheslumpintheconstructionindustry,withunemploymentnearlytriplingfrom2.9%in2007to8.5%forthosewholeftin2008.Theproportionofcivilengineeringgraduateswithoutajobincreasedfrom2.4%to7%.

9）Theproportionofgraduatesemployedinbusinessorfinancialworkfellto7.5%,comparedwith8.7%theyearbefore.Andthenumberworkingasfinancialandinvestmentadvisersormortgageconsultantsdropped19%,withonly1,700ofthe220,065graduatessurveyedgettingthatkindofjob,comparedwith2,100in2007.

10）_Amongthosewhorevealedhowmuchtheyearned,theaveragesalarywas_£19,677—up2%from2007.ButScotlandsawariseof5.6%,toanaverageof£19,953—higherthanthe£19,561reportedinthesouth-east,traditionallythehighest-paidregionafterLondon.

Unit4

T&F

T1.ThesmallestclimatechangecanbreakthenaturalbalanceoftheGreatBarrierReef.

F2.Turtlesmaybeextinctin14years.（andtheturtlepopulationisindecline.In40yearstheremaybenoneleft.）

F3.Achangeofoneortwodegreeswillnotdisturbthecoralreef’snormallife.（Achangeofjustoneortwodegreescanwipeitout）

F4.Coralreefscanlowerthetemperatureonhotdays.（Iftemperaturesgettoohot,coralrespondsbytryingtochangetheweather.）

T5.Theprocessofbleachingwilleventuallyleadtothedeathofthecoral.

Questions

1.Whyisthecrown-of-thornsstarfishoneofthereef’sgreatestenemies?

Becauseitcaneatthecoralalive.

2.Howmanychildrencancrown-of-thornsstarfishproduceeveryyear?

Sixmillion

3.Whatallowsthestarfishpopulationtoexplode?

Fertilizersfrominlandfarms.

4.Howcanweeffectivelycontrolthenumberofcrown-of-thornsstarfish?

Pickthemoffreeforinjectthemwithpoison.

5.Whyhasthepopulationofcrown-of-thornsstarfishdecreasedinrecentyears?

Becausethepollutionlevelshavedropped.

Homelistening

Thestudy,fromStanfordUniversityintheUnitedStates,makesgloomyassessmentsaboutthefuturehealthoftheworld’scoralreefs.Itfindsthatcarbondioxide1）_emissionsaremakingseawatersoacidicthatcoralreefscouldbegintodisintegratewithinafew2）_decades._Thereportstatesthatevenambitiousplanstostabilizegreenhousegasemissions,thoughtbymanytobethemain3）causeofawarmingcli