人教版初二上英语知识点单元.docx
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人教版初二上英语知识点单元
初二英语上册
Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?
1.anywhereadv.否/疑问/条件状从somewhereadv肯.
形容词放其后
Eg.Youcangoanywhereinterestingyouwant.-Didyougo____B____lastsummerholiday?
-Yes.IwenttoShanghaiDisney.
A.somewherespecialB.anywherespecialC.specialsomewhereD.specialanywhere
2.形容词修饰不定代词
everywhere肯“到处”nowhere不在任何地方-----反----anywhere任何地方
some-，any-,every-,no-,加–one,-body,-thing
anything复合不定代词否/疑，if/whether之后形容词放其后
something肯
e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?
LastnightIsawsomeonestrangelyingonthegroundnearmyhome.
Ifyouhaveanythingimportanttotellme,pleasecallme.
-Tom,pleasecomehere.Ihave___C___totellyou.
-Ok.I’coming.
A.anythingimportantB.importantsomethingC.somethingimportantD.important
anything
3.Howdoyoulike⋯你?
觉得⋯怎么样
=Whatdoyouthinkof⋯?
=Howdoyoufeelabout⋯?
Eg.Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?
=Whatdoyouthinkofyournewjob?
=Howdoyoufeelaboutyournewjob?
4.bored人感受-ed
boring物事物的特征-ing
e.g.Sheisboredwithherjob.
Thelecturewasdeadlyboring.
Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor__A____withpeopleover由于
unimportantthings?
A.boredB.boringC.tiringD.tired
5.becauseof+n.短语，代词等
Because+句子
e.g.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.
Andwecouldn’tseeanythingbelowbecausetheweatherwasbad.
6.enough
adj.Ihaveenoughmoneytobuyanewbook.
adv.Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.
adj.+enough+todosth.足够⋯做⋯
Sheisold_enough_______to__makeherowndecision.
7.一般过去时过去发生的动作或状态
（1）肯：
主语+was/were/V-p+其他Wewerepupilstwoyearsago.
（2）否：
主语+was/were+not;主语+didn’t+原V+其他
Hewasn’therejustnow.
Hedidn’tgotoschoollastFriday.
（3）一般疑问句：
Was/Were+主语+其他？
Did+主语+V原+其他？
Youwereathomethismorning.
Wereyouathomethismorning?
YourbrotherplayedcomputergameslastSunday.
DidyoubrotherplaycomputergameslastSunday?
Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?
1.不得不；必须
haveto客观需要must主观愿望、看法
Wehadtowalktoschoolyesterday.
2.wanttodosth.想要做sth.
Iwanttogoshopping.
wantsb.todosth.想要sb.做sth.V+宾+宾补
Shewantedmetoreaditagain.
类似的动词：
ask,teach,tell,wish,invite,order
⋯
3.begood+介词
begoodto对⋯很好Sheisgoodtoeveryone.
begoodfor对⋯有益/有好处Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.begoodat擅长HeisgoodatspeakingEnglish.
begoodwith与⋯相处得好Heisverygoodwiththechildren.
doharmto=bebadfor=beharmfulto对⋯有害
Nowadays,almosteveryoneknowsairpollutionisharmfultopeople’shealth.
Itnotonlydisturbsothers,butalsodoesharmtopeople’shearing.
4.it作形式主语动词不定式做真正的主语
Itis/was+adj.+todosth.做sth⋯.（adj.）
Itiseveryone’sdutytoobeythelaw.
ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese.
Itis/was+adj.（forsb.）+todosth.对sb.来说做sth.是⋯的
adj.表事物的特征，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible⋯
e.g.It’sveryhardforhimtolearntwoforeignlanguages.
Itis/was+adj.ofsb.+todosth.sb.做sth.，真⋯（adj.）
adj.表人物的性格、品德，常表示主观感情或态度，如：
good,kind,nice,clever,
foolish⋯
e.g.It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.
5.频率副词
always总是；永远；始终100%usually
often时常；常常50%sometimes有时
hardly几乎不5%never从不0%
通常；经常
20%
75%
6.howoften/soon/long/far
howoften“多久一次”频率
e.g.-Howoftendoyouvisityourmother?
-Onceaweek.
howsoon“多久之后”多久能完成对（从即时起）到将来某个时刻间的时间长短
提问，回答通常为in+一段时间
e.g.–Howsoonwillhebeback？
-Inanhour.
howfar“多远”路程
e.g.-Howfarisitfromheretothezoo?
-It’s6kilometers.
howlong“时间多久；物体多长”一段时间/长度
一般对过去发生的时间提问
e.g.–Howlongdidhestayhere?
-Abouttwoweeks.
对物体长度提问
e.g.-Howlongistheboard?
-Aboutonemeter.
7.through,across介词穿过
through内部/中间如人群中，阳光中，物体中间等等；可用于抽象
e.g.Thesunlightcomesthroughtheglass.
Idon'tknowhowtheygetthroughthesecoldwinters.
across表面goacross与cross（v./n.）同义across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿
越”之意。
e.g.Goacross（Cross）theroad,andyouwillfindthepostofficeonyour
right.
TheGreatGreenWallisacrossthenorthwestofChina绿.色长城横跨中国西
北
Unit3I’mmoutgoingrethanmysister
1.Both
做主语常与介词of连用，构成both⋯of⋯
e.g.Bothofuslikewatchingthetalentshow.
both⋯and⋯两“者都”链接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数e.g.BothmyfatherandmymotherareEnglishteachers.
Practice:
-Pleaseturndownthemusic.__C___Dad____Momaresleeping.
-Sorry,I’lldoitrightaway.
A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso
2.★反意疑问句的用法规则：
“前肯后方，前否后肯”
陈述部分+反义部分希望证实所叙述的内容
两种结构：
①肯定陈述+否定疑问
e.g.Thestudentsenjoyplayingfootball,don’tthey?
②否定陈述+肯定反意疑问
e.g.Youdidn’tgo,didyou?
情态动词/be/have（has）done/do
IcanspeakEnglish,_canI’t?
Ican’tspeakJapanese,_canI______?
Shehasn’tbeentoJapan,_hasshe_______?
Ididn’tgotoschool,_did__I_____?
Practice:
Hehasfewfriendsinhisnewschool,__B___?
A.hasn’theB.doeshe
C.isheD.doesn’the
Sheisanurse,_isn
’t___she____?
Shehaseatendinner,_hasn
’t____she____?
Ihaveahouse,_don
’t______I__?
Ihaveboughtacar,_haven
’t_______I____?
Ihaveacold,__don
’t____I_?
Shelikesme,__doesn’t___she__?
Heplayedcards,_didn’t_____he__?
如何回答，根据事实回答yes/no,是否符合陈述部分
“前否后肯”的回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。
这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，
no要译成“是”。
Theyworkhard,don’t他they?
们努力工作，不是吗？
Yes,theydo对.,他们工作努力。
/No,theydon't.不，他们工作不努力。
Theydon’workthard,dothey?
他们不太努力工作，是吗？
Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。
/No,theydon't.是的，他们工作不努力。
以Let’s开头的祈使句，附加问句用shallwe；以Letus开头的，则用willyou
e.g.Let’sgohome，shallwe？
咱们回家吧，好吗？
Letusgohome，willyou？
让我们回家吧，好吗？
2.★let’和sletus
let’s中us包括对方
e.g.Let’stryagain咱们再.试一下吧
Letus不包括对方
e.g.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.告诉我们你到达的时间practice:
Mom,let’gosshopping.妈妈，我们一起去购物吧
Mom,letusgoshopping.妈妈，请允许我们去购物
3.as⋯as⋯的用法“像⋯⋯一样⋯⋯”用于同级比较
①“as+形容词/副词的原级+as⋯”表示两者在某一方面相同或相等
e.g.MaryworksascarefullyasLinda.
②“notas/so⋯as⋯”不像⋯一样⋯
e.g.Springisn’tas/socoldaswinter.
③“asmuch/many+U/N+as⋯”可用于表示数量
e.g.Ihaven’tgotasmuchmoneyasIthought我不.像原来想象的有那么多钱。
Practice:
Myfatherthinkwritingisas___A__asreading.
A.InterestingB.interestedC.moreinterestingD.moreinterested
4.havefun的用法“玩得高兴，过得快乐”havefun（in）doingsth.做sth.有乐趣
haveagoodtimeenjoyoneself
e.g.Wehavefun（in）readingEnglishnovels.
Practice:
-Didyouhave__A__goodtimeyesterday?
-Yeah,Ireallyhad_____funattheparty.
A.a;/B.a;theC./;theD.the;a
5.make
makesb.dosth.让/使sb.做sth.
e.g.Hiswordsmadeusfeelsoexcited.
Thebossmadetheworkersworkdayandnight.
★see,watch,lookat三看
hear,listento两听
feel一感以及let,have,make三个使役动词后跟省略to的不定式做宾补
e.g.Didyouhearhimgoout?
Ioftenseehimplaybasketballintheplayground.
Practice:
Thechildiscrying.Pleasedosomethingtomakehim___B__.
A.stoptocryB.stopcryingC.tostopcrying
6.aslongas只要“”条件状从
e.g.Youmaytakethisbookawayaslongasyoureturnitontime.
Practice:
-What’syouropiniononfriends?
你对于朋友的观点是什么
-Theyarelikebooks.WedonA.aslongasB.assoonasC.sothat
’tneedalotofthem___A___theyaregood.
D.asif
7.thesameas和⋯一样
e.g.Youropinionisthesameasmine.
Practice:
It’snotnecessarytofindafriendwhoisthesame__B__you.
A.inB.asC.toD.from
8.besimilartosb./sth.与sb./sth.相似
e.g.Myproblemsaresimilartoyours.
Practice:
Nanais__D___toherfatherinmanyways.Forexample,theyarebothtall.
A.differentB.kindC.friendlyD.similar
9.bedifferentfrom和⋯不同反义词thesamease.g.Myjobisdifferentfromhis.
Practice：
-Areyoudifferent____yourfriend?
-No,wearesimilar______eachother.
A.from,toB.to,fromC.from,fromD.in,from
※differentadj.differencen.不同点importantadj.importancen.重要性
10.★形容词、副词比较级、最高级
比较级/最高级变化规则：
变化规则
例词
单音节
一般在词尾加-er/-est
smaller,taller,higher
和部分双音节词
以不发音的e结尾加-r/-st
finer,nicer,later
以辅音字母加y结尾，y
变i加-er/-est
重度闭音节词尾只有一
个辅音字母，双写加
-er/-est
多音节和部分双音节词前加more/most
常见不规则
10.1比较级特别用法和句型
（1）同级比较
①倍数比较：
Yourroomistwiceasbigasmine.
Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.
Myhandwritingisnothalfasgoodasyours.
easier,earlier,heavier,happier
bigger,fatter,thinner,
moreoutgoing/interesting
many/much变more,most
good/well变better,best
bad/ill变worse,worst
little/few变less,least
far变farther/further,
farthest/furthest
old变older/elder,
oldest/eldest
②as⋯aspossible表示尽可能⋯
Heiscominghereasfastaspossible.=Heiscominghereasfastashecan.
（2）可用于修饰比较级的词主要包括：
much,abit,alittle,alot,rather,far,even,
still,agreatdeal,twice,manytimes,onethird,any等Tomismuchshorterthanhisbrother.
Don'tgobyplane.It'salotmoreexpensive.
Inmyeyes,SusanisprettywhileLucyisevenprettier.
Mysisteristwoyearsyoungerthanme.
Itisone-fourthcheaperthanthemarketprice.
比较级⋯⋯比较级⋯⋯,表示“越⋯⋯,就越⋯
Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.
Theyoungeryouare,theeasieritistolearn.
ThefasterItype,themoremistakesImake.
（3）the+比较级+ofthetwo,两个中比“较⋯⋯的”Ofthetwogirls,Lynnisthemorebeautifulgirl.
Heisthebetterofthetwo.
Maryisthetallerofthetwins.
（4）表示倍数
Ourclassroomistwicebiggerthantheirs.
Thisruleisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.
10.2最高级其他用法
（1）“主语+be+oneoftheadj最.高级+名词复数+范围”表示“⋯是⋯
中最
升级会员 